The archaeology of Byzantium is the archaeology of an empire whose chronological bounds, broadly speaking, spanned the fourth through fifteenth century CE. The authors whose works are collected in this handbook examine methods and practice of Byzantine archaeology as well as the materials typically encountered in artifacts produced within the imperial boundaries. Byzantine archaeology is still a relatively young discipline, and, while vast in its scope and ambition, work in the field tends to be challenging to access. This volume aims to remedy this situation by providing current views of the nature of Byzantine archaeology, exploring crucial studies which elucidate salient features of the empire’s people, as well offering glimpses of how things may develop in the near future.

An anarchist strain runs through Lawrence’s immediate postwar writings, but epistemological idealism in its current manifestations in politics, union activism and educational policy is his real target in his essays of 1918–19 and his play Touch and Go (May 1920). In his poem ‘The Revolutionary’ and in the ‘Fruits’ sequence of poems in Birds, Beasts and Flowers a way out of the idealist fog is plotted. Comparison of the two versions of these poems of September 1920, rewritten soon afterwards with idiomatic simplicity and arch comedy, exposes the mind’s capacity to interfere with, to sublimate, the body’s instinctive grasp of a deeper non-idealist world. Count Psanek, a revolutionary in his own way in ‘The Ladybird’ (novella, written December 1921), prosecutes the next of Lawrence’s performative encounters with big ideas stretched across broad intellectual terrain. Those stagings leave us suspended in the void between them, troubled by the undercutting, the ridicule, that the Lawrence protagonists typically attract from their partners and friends, even as their intellectual goal is kept stubbornly alive.

A 55-year-old Caucasian woman presents for evaluation of fatigue. The patient states that her symptoms have been present for approximately 8 months and reports two episodes of cellulitis over the last year. Physical examination reveals mild splenomegaly; no skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, or other abnormalities are identified. Review of a complete blood count and peripheral blood smear shows absolute neutropenia, normocytic, normochromic anemia, and mild absolute lymphocytosis composed of numerous large lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm and prominent red-pink granules. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Melville is one of the canonical writers without whom a literary history of empire could not be imagined. This chapter contextualizes Melville as a continental thinker and, from this comparative perspective, reconsiders his insights on empire with an eye to Spanish imperial history, US empire, British empire, and the overlap among them. The chapter concludes with a turn to José Martí, another intellectual-activist without whom the story of empire in the Americas could not be told.

I worked as a communications consultant at some Japanese multinationals, and this chapter provides further context on Japanese dominant narratives in society, and the tensions therein.

This introductory chapter maps the evolving field of European media law and policy and unravels the roles that the Council of Europe, the European Union and European states play in the shared regulatory space. The chapter provides an overview of the key standards and instruments in European media law and policy. It critically reflects on overarching challenges for European media policy that result from the digital transformation of the media ecosystem, the dominance of global tech platforms, the enlargement of the European Union, rising political pressures on independent media and disruptive new technologies such as generative AI. Lastly, the chapter offers a roadmap to the contributions in the handbook.

We discuss magnetic properties in the context of electronic band theory. We present the different types of magnetic materials, talk about magnetic hysteresis, and explain how ab initio simulations help interpret palaeomagnetic data.

1A Calculation of the number of accessible states to an ideal gas

We consider an ideal gas enclosed in a container of volume 𝑉 at a temperature 𝑇. The gas consists of 𝑁 number of molecules, each of mass 𝑚. Suppose the total energy of the system lies in a narrow range from (𝐸 − 𝑑𝐸) to 𝐸. Any molecule of the ideal gas lying within this energy range is described by a state having an elementary volume

where 𝑞′𝑠 and 𝑝′𝑠 are, respectively, the position and momentum coordinates of the molecules of the gaseous system.

This chapter explores potential advancements in co-regulatory settings to better cope with basic rights and democratic requirements when tackling disinformation online. While dubious information has become increasingly prevalent on social media platforms and might cause individual and societal harm, regulatory measures have depend on state regulation, self-regulation, and traditional co-regulation. In view of the disadvantages of state regulation and self-regulation, co-regulatory approaches are seen as the way forward in disinformation governance. The chapter argues that current co-regulatory settings have inherited structural deficits from state regulation and self-regulation when dealing with the specific challenges of disinformation, especially in cases of ‘awful but lawful’ speech. The chapter examines the requirements of adequately advanced co-regulatory approaches, the roles of the relevant actors, and the implications for future EU audiovisual policies.