The goals of this investigation were to 1) identify and measure exposures inside homes of individuals with chemical intolerance (CI), 2) provide guidance for reducing these exposures, and 3) determine whether our environmental house calls (EHCs) intervention could reduce both symptoms and measured levels of indoor air contaminants.

CI is an international public health and clinical concern, but few resources are available to address patients’ often disabling symptoms. Numerous studies show that levels of indoor air pollutants can be two to five (or more) times higher than outdoor levels. Fragranced consumer products, including cleaning supplies, air fresheners, and personal care products, are symptom triggers commonly reported by susceptible individuals.

A team of professionals trained and led by a physician/industrial hygienist and a certified indoor air quality specialist conducted a series of 5 structured EHCs in 37 homes of patients reporting CI.

We report three case studies demonstrating that an appropriately structured home intervention can teach occupants how to reduce indoor air exposures and associated symptoms. Symptom improvement, documented using the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory Symptom Star, corresponded with the reduction of indoor air volatile organic compounds, most notably fragrances. These results provide a deeper dive into 3 of the 37 cases described previously in Perales et al. (2022).

We address the long-standing dilemma that worldwide reports of fragrance sensitivity have not previously been confirmed by human or animal challenge studies. Our ancient immune systems’ ‘first responders’, mast cells, which evolved 500 million years ago, can be sensitized by synthetic organic chemicals whose production and use have grown exponentially since World War II. We propose that these chemicals, which include now-ubiquitous fragrances, trigger mast cell degranulation and inflammatory mediator release in the olfactory-limbic tract, thus altering cerebral blood flow and impairing mood, memory, and concentration (often referred to as ‘brain fog’). The time has come to translate these research findings into clinical and public health practice.

Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) are an important resource to improve population health; however, little is known about the types of strategies to disseminate them. This study sought to describe dissemination strategies and content of dissemination plans that were available for FBDG.

A cross-sectional audit of FBDG with a published English-language version sourced from the United Nations FAO repository. We searched for publicly available dissemination strategies and any corresponding plans available in English language. Two authors extracted data on strategies, which were grouped according to the Model for Dissemination Research Framework (including source, audience, channel and message). For guidelines with a dissemination plan, we described goals, audience, strategies and expertise and resources according to the Canadian Institute for Health Research guidance.

FBDG from fifty-three countries mostly from high-income (n 28, 52·8 %), and upper-middle income (n 18, 34 %) areas were included.

n/a.

The source of guidelines was most frequently health departments (79·2 %). The message included quantities and types of foods, physical activity recommendations and 88·7 % included summarised versions of main messages. The most common channels were infographics and information booklets, and the main end-users were the public. For twelve countries (22·6 %), we were able to source an English-language dissemination plan, where none met all recommendations outlined by the Canadian Institute for Health Research.

The public was the most frequently identified end-user and thus most dissemination strategies and plans focused on this group. Few FBDG had formal dissemination plans and of those there was limited detailed provided.

Explore the interrelationship between teachers’ personal and professional socio-ecological structures while examining Head Start (HS) teachers’ experiences with (1) trying to eat healthy and engage in physical activity (PA) and (2) promote healthy eating and PA in their classrooms.

In-depth semi-structured interviews were collected from March through June 2017. Researchers designed the data collection and analysis methods using a phenomenological approach. All interviews were recorded using digital audio and transcribed verbatim.

Seven HS centres in two rural eastern North Carolina counties.

Teachers (n 15) who had recently participated in a healthy eating and physical activity intervention. Participants were 100 % female, an average age of 43 years (sd 9·6) and primarily Black/African American (93·3 %).

Eighteen primary themes were identified providing unique insight into individual, social and environmental determinants that may influence teachers’ personal health behaviours and professional health promotion practices. Findings indicated that teachers want to improve health behaviours personally (individual/family health) and professionally (children/families served); however, barriers exist at all levels impacting their ability to improve their own health and facilitate positive behaviours among the children/families they serve. Many teachers observed connections between their personal and professional experiences, but not beyond the individual level.

Study findings highlight the importance of considering and emphasising the potential relationship between personal and professional determinants of health when working with early childhood teachers. Findings from this study may be useful for informing the development, implementation and evaluation of future health promotion interventions using teachers as implementers.

Schizophrenia is the psychiatric disorder in which the awareness of pathology is most frequently altered. This merits particular attention, because related to medication compliance and clinical outcome.

To improve the level of insight in stabilized schizophrenia patients by means of two cognitive remediation techniques: Cognitive remediation program for patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disease - ReCoS and autobiographical memory program - RemAu.

The study is based on the results of neurocognitive and insight evaluations before and after treatment of two groups of ten patients with RemAu and twenty patients with ReCoS. The level of insight is evaluated using the SUMD and the PANSS scales. For cognitive capacity we test their concentration level (Trail Making Test, TMT, Stroop), executive functions (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, WCST), memory (CVLT), autobiographical memory (TempAu) and their global cognitive capacity (WAIS III).

The results have enabled us to highlight the beneficial effects of the RemAu autobiographical reminiscence program on these patients’ insight. Although the ReCoS program does not significantly improve the level of insight, it produces results which are most satisfying with regard to the cognitive profile of each patient.

The patients who have most benefited from the program are those who already had a reasonable cognitive capacity before the treatment. This allows us to conclude that we should deliver a treatment which is directed simultaneously at persistent cognitive disorders and autobiographical memory in order to obtain optimal effect on the level of insight in this pathology.

Researchers tried to explain the overlap between anxiety and depression by suggesting that some items of self-administered questionnaires were badly selected and that both constructs should rather be considered as multidimensional. Thus, we hypothesise that the Spielberger trait anxiety inventory (TAI) includes items related to depression.

A non-clinical sample of 193 subjects filled out the TAI and the Hospitalised Anxiety–Depression Scale. Factors were postulated on the basis of item content and submitted to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

We found five factors: a 10-item anxiety factor containing three factors, a four-item unsuccessfulness factor correlated with the HADS anhedonia factor, and a six-item happiness factor.

The TAI scale encompasses measures of anxiety, depression and well-being. Consequently, the overlap with other measures of depression may result from item selection. This work awaits replication in independent normal and pathological samples.

According to a recent large-scale Swedish epidemiological study, 5 % of violent crimes are attributable to patients suffering from psychosis., We present the preliminary results of a feasibility study comparing violent and non-violent schizophrenics on underlying potential process such as impulsivity, emotionality using both, psychometrics and neuropsychological correlates.

Male Violents subjects where selected by clinicians on their life time histories of violence and control where paired according to age. Assessment include selected neuropsychological and psychometrics tests: BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), PCL-R (Psychopathy Checklist-Revised), BREF (Frontal Assessment Battery), WCST (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test), Iowa Gambling Task, BIS-11 (Impulsivity Scale).

Violent's performed better in the executive functions (WCST and the BREF), showing a better use of the dorso-side prefrontal cerebral cortex.

Their less good performances in the orbitofrontal functions, (Iowa Gambling Task, BREF), show cortical abnormalities involved in the processes of decision. Lesser capacity to recognize the appropriate feelings seems more present in deliberate violence, determined by the emotional coolness and the absence of fault, than in impulsive violence.

The PCL-R identifies the defect of orbitofrontal activation as the origin of the perturbed emotional integration and the bigger impulsiveness, by the slightest capacity of inhibition of the impulsive decisions.

Our results, especially when compared to literature data, show the existence of dysfunctional cerebral process in schizophrenic violent patients similar to those observed in psychopathy. They outline the need for further clinical and neuropsychological studies to identify pathophysiological processes and estimate the potential recurrence of such behaviours.

Shared Mental Health care between Psychiatry and Primary care has been developed to improve the care of common mental health problems. Following a consultation-liaison intervention, this study evaluated one-year outcome for patients following the intervention to obtain objective data reflecting the “real-world” of shared mental health care.

95 patients from September 2006 to September 2007 (follow-up rate: 66%) were invited one year after the intervention to complete a paper questionnaire and a telephone short questionnaire about their mental health status, their care during the last year and their satisfaction with care.

89% of patients evaluated their current mental health as better then in the previous year. 44.5% were still managed by their GP as the psychiatric care provider (13.8% with a psychologist), 27.8% by a private psychiatrist, 11.1% by public psychiatry and 16.7% had no care anymore. 78.3% of patients evaluated the intervention as helpful for them.

The intervention was helpful for primary care patients with common mental health problems, supporting primary care without GPs’ de-motivation or disqualification. This study conducted among patients confirmed a previous study conducted among GPs.