In this paper, we complete the proof of the conjecture of Gross and Zagier concerning algebraicity of higher Green functions at a single CM point on the product of modular curves. The new ingredient is an analogue of the incoherent Eisenstein series over a real quadratic field, which is constructed as the Doi-Naganuma theta lift of a deformed theta integral on hyperbolic 1-space.

In this paper, we propose a modified Kudla–Rapoport conjecture for the Krämer model of unitary Rapoport–Zink space at a ramified prime, which is a precise identity relating intersection numbers of special cycles to derivatives of Hermitian local density polynomials. We also introduce the notion of special difference cycles, which has surprisingly simple description. Combining this with induction formulas of Hermitian local density polynomials, we prove the modified Kudla–Rapoport conjecture when $n=3$. Our conjecture, combining with known results at inert and infinite primes, implies the arithmetic Siegel–Weil formula for all non-singular coefficients when the level structure of the corresponding unitary Shimura variety is defined by a self-dual lattice.

This paper presents an algorithm to construct cryptographically strong genus $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}2$ curves and their Kummer surfaces via Rosenhain invariants and related Kummer parameters. The most common version of the complex multiplication (CM) algorithm for constructing cryptographic curves in genus 2 relies on the well-studied Igusa invariants and Mestre’s algorithm for reconstructing the curve. On the other hand, the Rosenhain invariants typically have much smaller height, so computing them requires less precision, and in addition, the Rosenhain model for the curve can be written down directly given the Rosenhain invariants. Similarly, the parameters for a Kummer surface can be expressed directly in terms of rational functions of theta constants. CM-values of these functions are algebraic numbers, and when computed to high enough precision, LLL can recognize their minimal polynomials. Motivated by fast cryptography on Kummer surfaces, we investigate a variant of the CM method for computing cryptographically strong Rosenhain models of curves (as well as their associated Kummer surfaces) and use it to generate several example curves at different security levels that are suitable for use in cryptography.

In this paper, we reinterpret the Colmez conjecture on the Faltings height of $\text{CM}$ abelian varieties in terms of Hilbert (and Siegel) modular forms. We construct an elliptic modular form involving the Faltings height of a $\text{CM}$ abelian surface and arithmetic intersection numbers, and prove that the Colmez conjecture for $\text{CM}$ abelian surfaces is equivalent to the cuspidality of this modular form.

We prove a relation between a generating series for the heights of Heegner cycles on the arithmetic surface associated with a Shimura curve and the second term in the Laurent expansion at s = ½ of an Eisenstein series of weight $\frac32$ for SL(2). On the geometric side, a typical coefficient of the generating series involves the Faltings heights of abelian surfaces isogenous to a product of CM elliptic curves, an archimedean contribution, and contributions from vertical components in the fibers of bad reduction. On the analytic side, these terms arise via the derivatives of local Whittaker functions. It should be noted that s = ½ is not the central point for the functional equation of the Eisenstein series in question. Moreover, the first term of the Laurent expansion at s = ½ coincides with the generating function for the degrees of the Heegner cycles on the generic fiber and, in particular, does not vanish.

Let $C_A/\Q$ be the curve $y^2 = x^5 + A$, and let $L(s, J_A)$ denote the $L$-series of its Jacobian. Under the assumption that the sign in the functional equation for $L(s, J_A)$ is $+1$, the critical value $L(1, J_A)$ is evaluated in terms of the value of a theta series for $\Q(\sqrt{5})$ depending on $A$ at a complex multiplication point coming from $\Q(\zeta_5)$.

Let D≡ 7 mod 8 be a positive squarefree integer, and let h$_D$ be the ideal class number of E$_D$=Q($\sqrt{−D}$). Let d≡1 mod 4 be a squarefree integer relatively prime to D. Then for any integer k[ges ]0 there is a constant M=M(k), independent of the pair (D,D), such that if (−1)$^k$=sign (d), (2k+1,h$_D$)=1, and$\sqrt{D}$>(12/π)d$^2$(log|d+M(k)), then the central L-value L(k+1, χ$^2k+1$$_D, d$>0. Furthermore, for k[les ]1, we can take M(k)=0. Finally, if D=p is a prime, and d>0, then the associated elliptic curve A(p)$^d$ has Mordell–Weil rank 0 (over its definition field) when $\sqrt{D}$>(12/π)d$^2$ log d.