Twin registries worldwide increasingly function as large-scale research infrastructures, enabling standardized phenotyping across the lifespan, integration of biological and environmental data streams, and international cross-cohort collaborative research and replications. This development is also taking place in Germany. The GERman Twin Registry Under Development (GERTRUD; www.gertrud.info) was established in 2022 as the first nationwide research platform for recruiting twins and higher order multiples of all ages within Germany to support the large-scale genetically informative psychological, sociological, health, and neuroscience twin research at national and international levels. GERTRUD is being developed as a modular infrastructure that supports classical and extended twin family designs, combining annual core survey waves with optional embedded modules for intensive phenotyping (e.g., neuroimaging, smartphone-based assessments), biosampling, and linkage of participants’ residential context to external geographic datasets via geospatial information systems (GIS). To operate within Germany’s stringent data protection landscape, GERTRUD implements project-specific pseudonymisation, role-based access control, and contract-governed remote analysis access. This article describes GERTRUD’s governance and legal–technical framework, its multisource data architecture, and the potential for collaboration across Germany and internationally. Examples of early data implementations further illustrate that the continuously collected multimodal twin data constitute a critical asset, essential for successful harmonization, replication, and collaborative and integrative behavioral genetics research.

This comment examines the rapidly evolving ecosystem of historical research data in the United Kingdom, where cultural heritage collections are increasingly digitised, commercialised and fragmented. Historians face growing challenges in discovering, accessing and reusing data as resources move behind paywalls, and repositories remain scattered, without a national infrastructure to ensure long-term preservation or discoverability. Drawing on examples from major digital initiatives, we analyse the life cycle of historical research data and highlight the complex interplay of commercial, institutional and scholarly interests that shape access. We distinguish three types of data that emerge from historians’ typical engagements with digitised collections: derived, enhanced and aggregated data. We argue that historians must actively participate in the practices relating to the creation, maintenance and reuse of such data. This will involve new forms of citation, favouring open datasets, improving digital skills and building communities around shared resources. The comment concludes with proposals to improve discoverability, sustainability and reuse, urging the discipline to establish common standards and infrastructures to secure an equitable data commons for future research.

Ensuring universal access to scientific research and upholding the principles of keeping data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable is of paramount importance to the democratization of science. However, upholding these principles becomes increasingly complex with the increasing scope of data collection, the more different types of data we collect (e.g., survey, text, or institutional and country-level macro data), and the more research teams are involved in data collection. In the domain of democracy research, scientists across Europe are therefore joining forces to launch the research infrastructure monitoring electoral democracy (MEDem), which aims to establish itself as an open platform where the fragmented crowd of researchers in the various research fields can coordinate and develop common standards for data collection both retrospectively as well as prospectively to make their data interoperable, and (comparative) democracy research more productive. Moreover, MEDem will help make democracy research data and findings accessible to the general public (e.g., citizens, journalists, and policymakers).

Most Asian countries have a strong third sector and a rich tradition of philanthropy. The varied array of social, economic, political, and third sector variables across the many countries of the region make Asia an ideal site for testing and developing third sector theory. The research infrastructure needed to sustain such a venture is beginning to form. The five papers published in this issue of Voluntas indicate some of the product, and the variety, of this growing body of research.

Reference standards are vital for harmonizing heterogeneous clinical data for research, but little is known about their implementations or costs. We surveyed NIH Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) hubs to assess operational dimensions of institutional implementation, maintenance, and use of the Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC) standard. Respondents (n = 19,30%) exhibited substantial variability in approaches to implementation. Differences in number and training of staff and frequency of mapping updates make it difficult to estimate costs and comparability of data across sites. CTSA and other multi-site research can benefit from operational definitions and recommended processes for LOINC implementation.

Child and youth mental health is an international public health and research priority. We are an interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral network of UK-based early career researchers (ECRs) with an interest in child and youth mental health research. In this paper, we reflect on ongoing challenges and areas for growth, offering recommendations for key stakeholders in our field, including researchers, institutions and funders. We present a vision from an ECR perspective of what future child and youth mental health research could look like and we explore how the research infrastructure can support ECRs and the wider research field in making this vision a reality. We focus specifically on: (a) embracing complexity; (b) centring diverse voices; and (c) facilitating sustainable research environments and funding systems. We present recommendations for all key partners to consider alongside their local contexts and communities to actively and collaboratively drive progress and transformative change.

The Penn State Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) Pilot Wrap-Around Support Initiative, implemented in the 2023 pilot funding cycle, was designed to help research teams access comprehensive research support for their pilot projects throughout the entire funding cycle. The overall goal of the initiative is to support researchers to improve timely and successful completion of project aims with a high likelihood of receiving follow-on external funding to advance clinical and translational science. This initiative builds upon existing CTSI resources by adding new support mechanisms, including Core consultations during application development, a pilot project Principal Investigator (PI) orientation meeting, and team science collaboration planning for funded teams. In the 2023 and 2024 funding cycles, we received 55 letters of intent and 23 invited full applications. Pilot project PIs engaged in each of our new and existing support mechanisms to various degrees, resulting in six funded projects that started July 1, 2024 and four funded projects set to begin July 1, 2025. Plans for the initiative include supporting access to clinical research staff through a CTSI staffing program and overarching pilot project evaluation to guide future programmatic improvement.

This article argues that university presses are key partners in supporting and promoting the public humanities. The article offers numerous examples.

While clinical research intends to improve health outcomes for all, access to research participation is often limited and inequitable. Geographic proximity is a recognized barrier, thus, systemic infrastructure solutions through federal programs including General Clinical Research Centers and Clinical and Translational Science Awards have sought to improve accessibility. Even with such support, academic medical centers often have limited clinical research-dedicated space apart from shared exam rooms in difficult-to-navigate hospitals or clinics. In 2019, the Duke University School of Medicine looked beyond its medical center campus to identify free-standing sites within Durham communities for participant study visits. Catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic, Duke Research at Pickett, a 22 000-square-foot building with a laboratory, 30 exam rooms, and on-site parking, opened in October 2020 to support vaccine and treatment trials. Upon the lifting of many COVID-19 restrictions, and in partnership with the Research Equity and Diversity Initiative (READI) Community Advisory Council, the building was transformed to encourage community gatherings, education, and training programs. To date, Duke Research at Pickett has hosted 2692 participants in 78 research trials and 14 community-engaged activities.

In 1980, at the invitation of Australia, the first Chinese scientists went to Antarctica. China was therefore a relative ‘latecomer’ to engage in Antarctic science. In the period since its first Antarctic expedition in 1984, China's presence in Antarctica has expanded both in terms of its logistics and infrastructure and its scientific research. This paper outlines the development of China's national Antarctic programmes under the influence of corresponding national policies from the late 1970s to the present, noting the application of various scientific disciplines to Antarctic fields. The paper outlines and analyses the broadening and deepening of China's Antarctic science research, infrastructure and engagement.

Tayside's Primary Care Research and Development Network (TayRen) was awarded £140K per annum for 4 years from 1998 by the Scottish Office Department of Health. The operating model of TayRen is described and the outcomes highlighted. A multiprofessional, multidisciplinary, methodologically rigorous and locally responsive approach has contributed to the outcomes achieved. The network has enabled practitioners to gain research experience by working with more experienced colleagues. The research culture of Tayside has matured since the formation of TayRen as evidenced by the increased number of research practices (six), training fellowships (three), registration for higher degrees (18), grants (£3.9m) and publications (96). In conclusion, TayRen has increased research activity in primary care in Tayside.