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13577 results in History of science and technology

Page 573 of 679

  • The X Club: Fraternity of Victorian Scientists

  • J. Vernon Jensen
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / June 1970
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 63-72
    Print publication:
    June 1970

  • In 1864 nine eminent scientists, who had long been intimate friends, formed a dining club in order to prevent their drifting apart due to their various duties, and in order to further the cause of science. The club, which acquired the title of “X Club”, held monthly meetings from October to June, and was extremely active for two decades, but then gradually lessened in vitality. It served as a highly significant fraternity of scientists, and the regular communication which it afforded helped the members to marshall their efforts on behalf of science against what they felt to be the obstructionist activities and ideas of conservative scientists, certain theologians, and non-scientific society figures.

  • Uniform Acceleration, Space, and Time

  • Stillman Drake
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / June 1970
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 21-43
    Print publication:
    June 1970

  • The most reliable source for a reconstruction of Galileo's progress toward a science of motion is the series of undated fragmentary notes on that subject preserved in Codex A of the Galilean manuscripts at Florence. A gathering of such fragments was published by Favaro in the National Edition of Galileo's works, following the Discorsi. The more sophisticated fragments are clearly associated with the composition of that work, and show a definite and consistent understanding of acceleration. Eliminating those, it will be found that the earlier notes fall into recognizable groups. First, there are some that refer to “moment of gravity”, or to the impetus of a body along a line of descent, and are associated with the discussion of inclined planes in De motu. Second, some refer to descent along arcs and chords of circles, associated with Galileo's letter of 29 November 1602 to Guido Ubaldo. These first two groups of notes do not explicitly refer to accelerated motion, and should not be assumed to do so implicity, where such an assumption can be avoided.

  • BJH volume 5 issue 1 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / June 1970
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. f1-f4
    Print publication:
    June 1970
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  • Tobias Mayer (1723–62): A Case of Forgotten Genius

  • Eric Gray Forbes
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / June 1970
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 1-20
    Print publication:
    June 1970

  • “Tobias Mayer is universally considered as one of the greatest astronomers not only of the eighteenth century, but of all times and of all countries.” This is how the French astronomer, Jean Delambre, in his posthumously published Histoire de l'astronomie au XVIIIième siècle (Paris, 1827), introduces his readers to the Göttingen professor, whom Leonhard Euler had already recognized in 1760 as “undoubtedly the greatest astronomer in Europe”. Delambre's placing of Mayer in a historical perspective assumes special significance on account of the fact that he had previously written three volumes on ancient and medieval astronomy.

Page 573 of 679