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13579 results in History of science and technology

Page 576 of 679

  • BJH volume 4 issue 3 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 4 / Issue 3 / June 1969
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. b1-b4
    Print publication:
    June 1969
    • Article
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  • BJH volume 4 issue 3 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 4 / Issue 3 / June 1969
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. f1-f4
    Print publication:
    June 1969
    • Article
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • Export citation

  • Thomas Thomson: Professor of Chemistry and University Reformer

  • J. B. Morrell
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 4 / Issue 3 / June 1969
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 245-265
    Print publication:
    June 1969

  • Thomas Thomson (177–1852) is primarily remembered as the author of the textbook A System of Chemistry which dominated the British field for about 30 years. In his chosen subject of chemistry his enthusiastic support of Daltonian chemical atomism and his zealous support of Prout's hypothesis have been recently recognized. Yet his activities were not as restricted as received opinion suggests. When Thomson assumed in 1818 the newly created Regius Chair of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow, the prospects for him as teacher and researcher were apparently encouraging. But he met difficulties in his attempts to elevate the status of the Regius Professors at Glasgow and in his concurrent endeavours to develop chemistry as an autonomous science. The ensuing controversy, first private and then public, spanned more than 20 rancorous years. Only one of Thomson's obituarists, however, even briefly mentions this debate; and recent writers on Thomson either ignore it completely or skim over it lightly. The main purpose of this paper is therefore to redress the balance of previous work on Thomson by outlining the chief features of his professorial period, paying particular attention to his style of teaching and attitude to his subject. For Thomson the development of his discipline was inseparable from the question of his status as a Regius Professor. Accordingly I also try to show that he played an important role in the movement for reform of the Scottish Universities and I discuss the structure of power at the University of Glasgow. Such analysis is necessary for understanding Thomson's appraisal of his situation as Regius Professor of Chemistry. In order to put his professorial period into the context of his earlier work I introduce the main body of the article with a short reconsideration of the form and significance of his career before 1817, when he moved to Glasgow.

  • The “Calculatores” in Early Sixteenth-century Physics*

  • William A. Wallace
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 4 / Issue 3 / June 1969
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 221-232
    Print publication:
    June 1969

  • The aim of this paper is to report some little-known aspects of sixteenth-century physics as these relate to the development of mechanics in the seventeenth century. The research herein reported grew out of a study on the mechanics of Domingo de Soto, a sixteenth-century Spanish scholastic,1 which has been concerned, in part, with examining critically Pierre Duhem's thesis that the English “Calculatores” of the fourteenth century were a primary source for Galileo's science.2 The conclusion to which this has come, thus far, is that Duhem had important insights into the late medieval preparation for the modern science of mechanics, but that he left out many of the steps. And the steps are important, whether one holds for a continuity theory or a discontinuity theory vis-à-vis the connection between late medieval and early modern science.

Page 576 of 679