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Ten terms for Buddhist religious functionaries in standard Thai are subjected to semantic analysis. The data are grouped into a semantic set which is exploited to reveal redundant, hence predictable, semantic features. In addition, semantic patterning within the set is discussed and is related to the relevant subset of classifiers.
Indo-European consonantal noun-declension shows, as is well known, the following endings for the singular and plural (the dual is not discussed at this point):
The complete publication of the Lydian inscriptions by Buckler has been followed up almost immediately by Sayce with a suggestive article on their decipherment—an article, however, which raises more questions than it settles. The following remarks were prompted by it, but I find it necessary frequently to disagree with Sayce's conclusions. In the transliteration of the Lydian characters I shall follow Sayce, except that I shall represent the sibilants as Buckler does.
[Skt. ‘seer’ from the IE base *rese- ‘howl’; Skt. nāra- ‘water’ from the base ‘swim’; OPera., GAv. spāda-, YAv. ‘army’ from the base ‘swell, be strong’; Av. ‘herd’ from the base ‘strive, desire, gain’.]
As the title shows, the author of this article does not hold with the theory that the spread of the Indo-European languages had its origin in northern Europe. At present we have no means of defining with certainty the starting point, the original 'home' of the Indo-Europeans. Their early appearance in Asia Minor, which the decipherment of Hittite has revealed, is at least no support for the theory of a northern origin; for migrations so swift and so far-reaching have little probability in the first half of the second millenium before our era. Of the proofs advanced for the theory, the alleged racial similarity between Indo-Europeans and Germans is above all scientifically worthless. For here two phenomena of human existence, one physical and hard to define (race), the other psychic (language), tho not necessarily connected, are arbitrarily brought into a causal relationship. Besides, it is urged that the Lithuanians, because of the very archaic type of their language, must have remained closest to the original home. The present distribution, however, of languages south of the Baltic is not an early inheritance.
[Armenian, like Hittite, Luwian, and Lycian, retains the third laryngeal initially, and has no inherited long vowels, no palatal-velar distinction, and no feminine gender. These and other archaisms lead to the conclusion that Armenian is an Anatolian language and can be compared to more advantage with Lycian and Hittite than with the IE languages proper.]