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101349 results in Language and Linguistics

Page 96 of 5068

  • Synchronic and Diachronic Universals in Phonology

  • Joseph H. Greenberg
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 42 / Issue 2 / June 1966
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 April 2026, pp. 508-517

  • In spite of the influential Saussurean dichotomy of synchronic and dia-chronic studies, it has in fact not been possible to keep these two main aspects of linguistics in hermetically sealed compartments. The aim of this paper is to explore the theoretical relations between phenomena in the two fields in the context of the current interest in universals. The examples cited are not intended to be conclusive and are meant only as illustrations.

  • Word-Class Distribution in Sentences of Fixed Length

  • Murray Aborn, Herbert Rubenstein
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 32 / Issue 4-Part1 / December 1956
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 April 2026, pp. 666-674

  • [Samples of printed English sentences of three lengths were drawn randomly from a representative selection of popular magazines. The words of each sentence were classified according to Fries's system and a count was made of the various word classes at each sentence position. The tabulations were plotted as frequency distributions and treated statistically. Principally, the data obtained from all three sentence lengths indicate (1) that the greatest variations in word-class frequency tend to occur in sentence extremes and the immediately adjoining positions, and (2) that different word classes have characteristic patterns of variation.]

  • Stress and Syntax: A Reply

  • Joan W. Bresnan
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 48 / Issue 2 / June 1972
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 April 2026, pp. 326-342

  • The Ordering Hypothesis of Bresnan 1971a projects the stress contours of simple S's onto complex syntactic structures by permitting stress rules to apply systematically within the transformational derivation. This hypothesis, a principle governing the application of stress rules, is distinct from the stress rules themselves. Berman and Szamosi 1972 fail to observe this distinction in their attempt to demonstrate the futility of any principle like the Ordering Hypothesis. As a result, their ‘counter-examples’, together with facts they do not consider, actually support the Ordering Hypothesis, which is necessary to project onto complex cases any valid generalizations about stress and surface structure or meaning. Lakoff 1972 also makes mistakes of interpretation and argument; his global alternative compares unfavorably with the Ordering Hypothesis in describing and explaining the apparent ‘optionality’ of stress contours.

Page 96 of 5068