Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Halphen studied a remarkable sequence of higher-order linear equations with doubly periodic coefficients, generalizations of a certain Lamé equation, having the property that quotients of solutions are single valued. Here we consider further generalizations where, instead of the Weierstrass ℘-function, the coefficients depend on the first Painlevé transcendent. Using these equations, we obtain new higher-order systems of nonlinear equations having the Painlevé property. We also give new results on the interpretation of the Painlevé tests with regard to the representations of solutions, general and particular, afforded by various branches, and to understanding the corresponding pattern of compatibility conditions.

Analogues of the classical inequalities from the Brunn-Minkowski theory for rotation intertwining additive maps of convex bodies are developed. Analogues are also proved of inequalities from the dual Brunn-Minkowski theory for intertwining additive maps of star bodies. These inequalities provide generalizations of results for projection and intersection bodies. As a corollary, a new Brunn-Minkowski inequality is obtained for the volume of polar projection bodies.

The aim of the paper is to study the asymptotic behaviour of the solution of a quasilinear elliptic equation of the formwith a high-contrast discontinuous coefficient aε(x), where ε is the parameter characterizing the scale of the microstucture. The coefficient aε(x) is assumed to degenerate everywhere in the domain Ω except in a thin connected microstructure of asymptotically small measure. It is shown that the asymptotical behaviour of the solution uε as ε → 0 is described by a homogenized quasilinear equation with the coefficients calculated by local energetic characteristics of the domain Ω.

We study the contact between nonlinearly elastic bodies by variational methods. After the formulation of the mechanical problem, we provide existence results based on polyconvexity and on quasiconvexity. We then derive the Euler—Lagrange equation as a necessary condition for minimizers. Here Clarke's generalized gradients are an essential tool for treating the nonsmooth obstacle condi

This paper deals with entire solutions of a bistable reaction—diffusion equation for which the speed of the travelling wave connecting two constant stable equilibria is zero. Entire solutions which behave as two travelling fronts approaching, with super-slow speeds, from opposite directions and annihilating in a finite time are constructed by using a quasi-invariant manifold approach. Such solutions are shown to be unique up to space and time translations.

A general theorem about the existence of periodic solutions for equations with distributed delays is obtained by using the linear chain trick and geometric singular perturbation theory. Two examples are given to illustrate the application of the general the general therom.

We consider an overdetermined system of elliptic partial differential equations arising in the Navier–Stokes equations. This analysis enables us to prove that the well-known classical solutions such as Couette flows and others are the only solutions that satisfy both the stationary Navier–Stokes and Euler equations.

Let R be a Cohen–Macaulay local ring, and let I ⊂ R be an ideal with minimal reduction J. In this paper we attach to the pair (I, J) a non-standard bigraded module ΣI, J. The study of the bigraded Hilbert function of ΣI, J allows us to prove an improved version of Wang's conjecture and a weak version of Sally's conjecture, both on the depth of the associated graded ring grI(R). The module ΣI, J can be considered as a refinement of the Sally module introduced previously by Vasconcelos.

This paper considers curves in Rn. It defines affine arc length and affine curvatures. The family of affine distance functions is generalized, along with the family of affine height functions. A new basis is constructed that makes the conditions for Ak singularity types easier to calculate, and applications are given to geometrical problems.

Let n ≥ 3, Ω ⊂ Rn be a domain with 0 ∈ Ω, then, for all the Hardy–Sobolev inequality says thatand equality holds if and only if u = 0 and ((n − 2)/2)2 is the best constant which is never achieved. In view of this, there is scope for improving this inequality further. In this paper we have investigated this problem by using the fundamental solutions and have obtained the optimal estimates. Furthermore, we have shown that this technique is used to obtain the Hardy–Sobolev type inequalities on manifolds and also on the Heisenberg group.

A nonlinear integro-differential equation that models a coagulation and multiple fragmentation process in which continuous and discrete fragmentation mass loss can occur is examined using the theory of strongly continuous semigroups of operators. Under the assumptions that the coagulation kernel is constant, the fragmentation-rate function is linearly bounded, and the continuous mass-loss-rate function is locally Lipschitz, global existence and uniqueness of solutions that lose mass in accordance with the model are established. In the case when no coagulation is present and the fragmentation process is binary with constant fragmentation kernel and constant continuous mass loss, an explicit formula is given for the associated substochastic semigroup.