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49587 results in Nutrition

Page 191 of 2480

  • Potential long consequences from internal and external ecology: loss of gut microbiota antifragility in children from an industrialized population compared with an indigenous rural lifestyle

  • Part of
  • Isaac G-Santoyo, Elvia Ramírez-Carrillo, Jonathan Dominguez Sanchez, Oliver López-Corona
  • Journal:
    Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease / Volume 14 / Issue 4 / August 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    24 May 2023, pp. 469-480
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  • Human health is strongly mediated by the gut microbiota ecosystem, which, in turn, depends not only on its state but also on its dynamics and how it responds to perturbations. Healthy microbiota ecosystems tend to be in criticality and antifragile dynamics corresponding to a maximum complexity configuration, which may be assessed with information and network theory analysis. Under this complex system perspective, we used a new analysis of published data to show that a children’s population with an industrialized urban lifestyle from Mexico City exhibits informational and network characteristics similar to parasitized children from a rural indigenous population in the remote mountainous region of Guerrero, México. We propose then, that in this critical age for gut microbiota maturation, the industrialized urban lifestyle could be thought of as an external perturbation to the gut microbiota ecosystem, and we show that it produces a similar loss in criticality/antifragility as the one observed by internal perturbation due to parasitosis by the helminth A. lumbricoides. Finally, several general complexity-based guidelines to prevent or restore gut ecosystem antifragility are discussed.

  • Sociodemographic disparities in purchases of fruit drinks with policy relevant front-of-package nutrition claims

  • Emily Duffy, Shu Wen Ng, Marissa G Hall, Maxime Bercholz, Natalia Rebolledo, Aviva Musicus, Lindsey Smith Taillie
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 26 / Issue 8 / August 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 May 2023, pp. 1585-1595
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  • Objective:

    Our objectives were to describe sociodemographic characteristics associated with the purchase of (1) any fruit drinks and (2) fruit drinks with specific front-of-package (FOP) nutrition claims.

    Design:

    Cross-sectional.

    Setting:

    USA

    Participants:

    We merged fruit drink purchasing data from 60 712 household-months from 5233 households with children 0–5 years participating in Nielsen Homescan in 2017 with nutrition claims data. We examined differences in predicted probabilities of purchasing any fruit drinks by race/ethnicity, income and education. We constructed inverse probability (IP) weights based on likelihood of purchasing any fruit drinks. We used IP-weighted multivariable logistic regression models to examine predicted probabilities of purchasing fruit drinks with specific FOP claims.

    Results:

    One-third of households with young children purchased any fruit drinks. Non-Hispanic (NH) Black (51·6 %), Hispanic (36·3 %), lower-income (39·3 %) and lower-educated households (40·9 %) were more likely to purchase any fruit drinks than NH White (31·3 %), higher-income (25·8 %) and higher-educated households (30·3 %) (all P < 0·001). In IP-weighted analyses, NH Black households were more likely to purchase fruit drinks with ‘Natural’ and fruit or fruit flavour claims (6·8 % and 3·7 %) than NH White households (4·5 % and 2·7 %) (both P < 0·01). Lower- and middle-income (15·0 % and 13·8 %) and lower- and middle-educated households (15·4 % and 14·5 %) were more likely to purchase fruit drinks with ‘100 % Vitamin C’ claims than higher-income (10·8 %) and higher-educated households (12·9 %) (all P < 0·025).

    Conclusions:

    We found a higher likelihood of fruit drink purchases in lower-income, lower-educated, NH Black and Hispanic households. Experimental studies should determine if nutrition claims may be contributing to disparities in fruit drink consumption.

Page 191 of 2480