Book contents
- Quaternary of the Levant
- Quaternary of the Levant
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- 1 The Quaternary of the Levant
- Part I: The Evolution of Current Landscapes and Basins
- Part II: Palaeoclimates
- Part III: Archaeology of Human Evolution
- 20 ‘Ubeidiya
- 21 Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov
- 22 Bizat Ruhama
- 23 Qesem Cave and the Acheulo-Yabrudian Cultural Complex of the Levant
- 24 Tabun Cave in the Carmel Culture Sphere
- 25 Misliya Cave, Mount Carmel, Israel
- 26 Hayonim Cave
- 27 Kebara Cave
- 28 Qafzeh Cave and Terrace
- 29 Palaeolithic Occupations in Nahal Amud
- 30 The Palaeolithic Sequence of Ksar ‘Akil, Lebanon
- 31 The Early Upper Palaeolithic of Manot Cave, Western Galilee
- 32 Mughr el-Hamamah
- 33 Ohalo II: A 23,000-Year-Old Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer's Camp on the Shore of Fluctuating Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee)
- 34 Eynan (Ain Mallaha)
- 35 Hilazon Tachtit Cave, a Late Natufian Burial Site in the Western Lower Galilee, Israel
- 36 The Palaeolithic Cultural Sequence of Dederiyeh Cave, Syria
- 37 Survey and Excavation of Stone Age Sites in Jordan's Wadi al-Hasa: 1979–2012
- Part IV: Palaeoecology
- Part V: Quaternary Geomorphology
- Part VI: Humans in the Levant
- Index
- Plate section
- References
37 - Survey and Excavation of Stone Age Sites in Jordan's Wadi al-Hasa: 1979–2012
from Part III: - Archaeology of Human Evolution
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 May 2017
By
J.D. Peterson and
Book contents
- Quaternary of the Levant
- Quaternary of the Levant
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- 1 The Quaternary of the Levant
- Part I: The Evolution of Current Landscapes and Basins
- Part II: Palaeoclimates
- Part III: Archaeology of Human Evolution
- 20 ‘Ubeidiya
- 21 Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov
- 22 Bizat Ruhama
- 23 Qesem Cave and the Acheulo-Yabrudian Cultural Complex of the Levant
- 24 Tabun Cave in the Carmel Culture Sphere
- 25 Misliya Cave, Mount Carmel, Israel
- 26 Hayonim Cave
- 27 Kebara Cave
- 28 Qafzeh Cave and Terrace
- 29 Palaeolithic Occupations in Nahal Amud
- 30 The Palaeolithic Sequence of Ksar ‘Akil, Lebanon
- 31 The Early Upper Palaeolithic of Manot Cave, Western Galilee
- 32 Mughr el-Hamamah
- 33 Ohalo II: A 23,000-Year-Old Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer's Camp on the Shore of Fluctuating Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee)
- 34 Eynan (Ain Mallaha)
- 35 Hilazon Tachtit Cave, a Late Natufian Burial Site in the Western Lower Galilee, Israel
- 36 The Palaeolithic Cultural Sequence of Dederiyeh Cave, Syria
- 37 Survey and Excavation of Stone Age Sites in Jordan's Wadi al-Hasa: 1979–2012
- Part IV: Palaeoecology
- Part V: Quaternary Geomorphology
- Part VI: Humans in the Levant
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Beginning in the late 1970s, Burton MacDonald’s Wadi Hasa Survey (1979-1983) identified dozens of sites in the highlands of west-central Jordan ranging from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Pre-pottery Neolithic. Although most were deflated surface scatters, Middle, Upper and Epipaleolithic open and rockshelter sites in the eastern end of the drainage associated with palaeolake Hasa preserved stratigraphy and faunas rarely found in the region. Between 1984 and 1993 Clark initiated a series of surveys and excavations at these and other, newly-discovered sites that led, in turn, to additional research on the early Upper Palaeolithic. Work continues at Ain Difla, a Mousterian rockshelter in the Wadi Ali. Here we summarize what we have learned from >30 years of research on late Pleistocene forager adaptations to the highlands of west-central Jordan.
Information
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Quaternary of the LevantEnvironments, Climate Change, and Humans, pp. 315 - 328Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2017
References
al-Nahar, M. & Clark, G.A. 2009. The Lower Paleolithic in Jordan. Jordan Journal for Archaeology and History 3: 173–215.Google Scholar
Bar-Yosef, O. 2000. The Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic in Southwest Asia and neighboring regions. In The Geography of Neanderthals and Modern Humans in Europe and the Greater Mediterranean, ed. Bar-Yosef, O. & Pilbeam, D.. Cambridge: Peabody Museum Monographs in Archaeology and Ethnology, pp. 107–56.Google Scholar
Binford, L.R. 1979. Organization and formation processes: Looking at curated technologies. Journal of Anthropological Research 35: 172–97.10.1086/jar.35.3.3629902CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byrd, B.F. & Colledge, S. 1991. Early Natufian occupation along the edge of the southern Jordanian steppe. In The Natufian Culture in the Levant, ed. Bar-Yosef, O. & Valla, F.. Ann Arbor: International Monographs in Prehistory, pp. 265–76.Google Scholar
Byrd, B.F. & Garrard, A.N. 2013. Regional patterns in Late Palaeolithic chipped stone production and technology in the Levant. In Beyond the Fertile Crescent: Late Palaeolithic and Neolithic Communities of the Jordanian Steppe, the Azraq Basin Project, Vol. 1, ed. Garrard, A.N. and Byrd, B.F.. Oxford: Oxbow Books, pp. 350–93.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A. 2000. The Middle Paleolithic in the Wadi al-Hasa: An overview. In The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Vol. 2: Excavations at Middle, Upper and Epipaleolithic Sites, ed. Coinman, N.R.. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers No. 52, pp. 67–94.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A. 2016. The Old Stone Age in the SAAS Survey Area. In The Shammakh-to-Ayl Archaeological Survey, ed. MacDonald, B.. Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A. & Schuldenrein, J. 2014. Ain Difla rockshelter. In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, Vol. 1, ed. Smith, C.. New York: Springer, pp. 121–6.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A., Lindly, J.M., Donaldson, M. et al. 1987a. Paleolithic archaeology in the southern Levant. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 31: 19–78, 547.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A., Coinman, N.R., Lindly, J.M. & Donaldson, M. 1987b. A diachronic study of Paleolithic and aceramic Neolithic settlement patterns in the Wadi Hasa, west-central Jordan. In Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan, Vol. III, ed. Hadidi, A.. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, pp. 215–23.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A., Lindly, J.M., Donaldson, M. et al. 1988. Excavations at Middle, Upper and Epipaleolithic sites in the Wadi Hasa, west-central Jordan. In The Prehistory of Jordan: The State of Research in 1986, ed. Garrard, A.N. and Gebel, H.-G.. BAR International Series 396(i). Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 209–85.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A., Olszewski, D.I., Schuldenrein, J., Rida, N. & Eighmey, J. 1994. Survey and excavation in the Wadi al-Hasa: A preliminary report of the 1993 field season. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 38: 41–55.Google Scholar
Clark, G.A., Schuldenrein, J., Donaldson, M. et al. 1997. Chronostratigraphic contexts of Middle Paleolithic horizons at the Ain Difla rockshelter (WHS 634), west-central Jordan. In The Prehistory of Jordan II: Perspectives from 1997, ed. Gebel, H.-G., Kafafi, Z. & Rollefson, G.O.. Berlin: ex oriente, pp. 77–100.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. 1990. Refiguring the Levantine Upper Paleolithic: A Comparative Examination of Lithic Assemblages from the Southern Levant. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Arizona State University (Ann Arbor: Microfilms International).Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. 1993. WHS 618 – Ain el-Buhayra: An Upper Paleolithic site in the Wadi Hasa, west-central Jordan. Paléorient 22: 113–21.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. 1998a. The Upper Paleolithic of Jordan. In The Prehistoric Archaeology of Jordan, ed. Henry, D.O.. BAR International Series 705. Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 39–63.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. (ed.) 1998b. The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Volume 1: Surveys, Settlement Patterns and Paleo-environments. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers No. 50.Google Scholar
Coinman, N. R. (ed.) 2000. The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Volume 2: Excavations at Middle, Upper, and Epipaleolithic Sites. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers No. 52.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. 2004. The Upper Paleolithic of the Wadi al-Hasa, Jordan. In Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan VIII, ed. al-Khraysheh, F.. Amman: Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, pp. 79–96.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. 2005. Subsistence and technology in the Late Levantine Upper Paleolithic. Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society – Mitekufat Haeven 35: 159–77.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R. & Fox, J. 2014. Wadi al-Hasa: Paradigmatic changes in Levantine prehistory. Paper presented at the 79th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Austin, Texas.Google Scholar
Coinman, N.R., Olszewski, D.I., Abdo, K. et al. 1999. The eastern al-Hasa late Pleistocene project: Preliminary report on the 1998 season. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 43: 9–25.Google Scholar
Contreras, D. & Makarewicz, C. 2014. How green was my valley? Reconciling regional and paleoenvironmental signals at PPNA el-Hemmeh, Jordan. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of American Archaeology, Austin, Texas.Google Scholar
Culley, E.V., Popescu, G.M. & Clark, G.A. 2013. An analysis of the compositional integrity of the Levantine Mousterian facies. Quaternary International 300: 213–233, doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.11.030.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, J.R. & Coinman, N.R. 2004. Emergence of the Levantine Upper Paleo-lithic: evidence from the Wadi al-Hasa. In The Early Upper Paleo-lithic beyond Western Europe, ed. Brantingham, P. J., Kuhn, S.L. & Kerry, K.W.. Los Angeles: University of California Press, pp. 97–112.Google Scholar
Jelinek, A.J. 1981. The Middle Paleolithic in the southern Levant from the perspective of the Tabūn Cave. In Préhistoire du Levant, ed. Cauvin, J. & Sanlaville, P.. Paris: Editions du CNRS, pp. 265–80.Google Scholar
Jelinek, A.J. 1982. The Tabūn Cave and Paleolithic man in the southern Le-vant. Science 216: 1369–75.10.1126/science.216.4553.1369CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kafafi, Z. 2005. Fouilles de Khirbet edh-Dharih, un site Néolithique acéramique (PPNA) en Jordanie du Sud. Syria 82: 5–47.Google Scholar
Kuhn, S. 1995. Mousterian Lithic Technology – An Ecological Perspective. Princeton: Princeton University Press.10.1515/9781400864034CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindly, J.M. & Clark, G.A. 1987. A preliminary lithic analysis of the Mousterian site of ‘Ain Difla (WHS Site 634) in the Wadi Ali, west-central Jordan. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 53: 279–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindly, J.M. & Clark, G.A. 2000. The Ain Difla rockshelter and Middle Paleolithic systematics in the Levant. In The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Volume 2, ed. Coinman, N.R.. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers No. 52, pp. 111–22.Google Scholar
MacDonald, B. (ed.) 1988. The Wadi Hasa Archaeological Survey [1979–1983], West-Central Jordan. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.Google Scholar
MacDonald, B. 2007. Archaeological site surveying in Jordan: The North American contribution. In Crossing Jordan – North American Contributions to the Archaeology of Jordan, ed. Levy, T., Daviau, M., Younker, R. & Shaer, M.. London: Equinox, pp. 27–36.Google Scholar
MacDonald, B., Rollefson, G., Banning, E., Byrd, B. & d'Annibale, C. 1983. The Wadi al-Hasa Archaeological Survey, 1982: A preliminary report. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 27: 311–24.Google Scholar
MacDonald, B., Herr, L.G., Neeley, M.P. et al. 2004. The Tafila-Busayra Archaeological Survey 1999–2001, West-Central Jordan. Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research Archaeological Reports No. 9.Google Scholar
Makarewicz, C. 2013. More than meat: Diversity in caprine harvesting strat-egies and the emergence of complex production systems during the Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. Levant 45: 236–61.10.1179/0075891413Z.00000000027CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Makarewicz, C. & Austin, A. 2006. Late PPNB occupation at el-Hemmeh: Results from the third excavation season 2006. Neo-Lithics 2: 19–23.Google Scholar
Makarewicz, C. & Rose, K. 2011. Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic settlement at el-Hemmeh: a survey of the architecture. Neo-Lithics 1: 23–9.Google Scholar
Makarewicz, C., Goodale, N., Rassmann, P. et al. 2006. El-Hemmeh: A multi-period Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in the Wadi el-Hasa, Jordan. Eurasian Prehistory 4: 183–220.Google Scholar
Marks, A.E. 1983. The Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in the Levant. Advances in World Archaeology 2: 56–80.Google Scholar
Mellars, P.A. 2005. The impossible coincidence: A single species model for the origins of modern human behavior in Europe. Evolutionary Anthropology 14: 12–27.10.1002/evan.20037CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mellars, P.A. 2006. Archaeology and the dispersal of modern humans in Europe: Deconstructing the Aurignacian. Evolutionary Anthropology 15: 167–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monigal, K. 2002. The Levantine Leptolithic: Blade Production from the Lower Paleolithic to the Dawn of the Upper Paleolithic. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Southern Methodist University (Ann Arbor: Microfilms International).Google Scholar
Moumani, K. 1997. The Geology of Al Husayniyya Al Janubiyya (Jurf ed-Darawish) Area: Map Sheet No. 3151-II. Amman: Geological Mapping Division Bulletin 38.Google Scholar
Moumani, K., Alexander, J. & Bateman, M.D. 2003. Sedimentology of the Late Quaternary Wadi Hasa Marl Formation of Central Jordan: A record of climate variability. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 191: 221–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muheisen, M. 1988. The Epipaleolithic phases of Kharaneh IV. In The Prehistory of Jordan: The State of Research in 1986, ed. Garrard, A.N. & Gebel, H.-G.. BAR International Series 396(ii). Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 353–67.Google Scholar
Mustafa, M. & Clark, G.A. 2007. The ‘Ain Difla rockshelter (Jordan) and the evolution of Mousterian technology: Implications for modern human origins. Eurasian Prehistory 5: 47–83.Google Scholar
Neeley, M.P. 2000. The results of a small-scale reconnaissance along the Qa’ el Jinz. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 44: 99–108.Google Scholar
Neeley, M.P. 2004. Late Epipaleolithic settlement in the Wadi Juheira, west-central Jordan. In The Last Hunter-Gatherers in the Near East, ed. Delage, C.. BAR International Series 1320. Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 39–54.Google Scholar
Neeley, M.P. 2006. Prehistoric settlement in west-central Jordan: The Tafila-Busayra Archaeological Survey in its regional context. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 341: 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neeley, M.P. 2010. TBAS 102: A Late Natufian site in west-central Jordan. Neo-Lithics 1/10: 86–91.Google Scholar
Neeley, M.P. 2013. Natufian settlement in the Wadi al-Qusayr, west-central Jordan. In Natufian Foragers in the Levant: Terminal Pleistocene Social Changes in Western Asia, ed. Bar-Yosef, O. & Valla, F.R.. Ann Arbor: International Monographs in Prehistory, pp. 397–411.10.2307/j.ctv8bt33h.29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neeley, M.P., Peterson, J.D., Clark, G.A., Fish, S.K. & Glass, M. 1998. Investigations at Tor al-Tareeq: An epipaleolithic site in the Wadi Hasa, west-central Jordan. Journal of Field Archaeology 25: 295–317.10.1179/009346998792005414CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neeley, M.P., Peterson, J.D., Clark, G.A. & Fish, S.K. 2000. WHS 1065 (Tor al-Tareeq), an Epipaleolithic site in the Wadi al-Hasa, west-central Jordan. In The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Vol. 2: Excavations at Middle, Upper and Epipaleolithic Sites, ed. Coinman, N.R.. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropologic-al Research Papers No. 52, pp. 245–79.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. 2006. Issues in the Levantine Epipaleolithic: The Mada-maghan, Nebekian and Qalkhan. Paléorient 32: 19–26.10.3406/paleo.2006.5168CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. 2013. The steppic Early Natufian: investigations in the Wadi al-Hasa, Jordan. In Natufian Foragers in the Levant – Terminal Pleistocene Social Changes in Western Asia, ed. Bar-Yosef, O. & Valla, F.R.. Ann Arbor: International Monographs in Prehistory, pp. 412–28.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. in press. Late Upper Paleolithic and Initial Epipaleolithic in the marshlands: A view from Tor Sageer, Wadi al-Hasa, Jordan. In Archaeology of the Paleolithic-Neolithic Transition of Eurasia: Papers Presented in Honor of Andrew M.T. Moore, ed. Chazan, M & Lillois, K.T. Leiden: Sidestone Press.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. & al-Nahar, M. 2011. A fourth season at Yutil al-Hasa (WHS 784): renewed Early Epipaleolithic excavations. Neo-Lithics 1: 30–4.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. & al-Nahar, M. 2014. The 2012 excavations in the Area A Early Epipaleolithic at Tor at-Tareeq, Wadi al-Hasa. Neo-Lithics 1: 25–32.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. & Coinman, N.R. 1998. Settlement patterning during the Late Pleistocene in the Wadi al-Hasa, west-central Jordan. In The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Volume 1: Surveys, Settlement Patterns and Paleoenvironments, ed. Coinman, N.R.. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers 50, pp. 177–204.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I. & Hill, J.B. 1997. Renewed excavations at Tabaqa (WHS 895), an Early Natufian site in the Wadi al-Hasa, Jordan. Neo-Lithics 3: 11–12.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I., Stevens, M., Glass, M. et al. 1994. The 1993 excavations at Yutil al-Hasa (WHS 784), west-central Jordan: The Epipaleolithic periods. Paléorient 20: 129–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olszewski, D.I., Coinman, N.R., Schuldenrein, J. et al. 1998. The Eastern Hasa Late Pleistocene Project: Preliminary report on the 1997 season. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 42: 53–74.Google Scholar
Olszewski, D.I., Coinman, N.R., Clausen, T.G. et al. 2001. The Eastern Hasa Late Pleistocene Project. Preliminary report on the 2000 field season. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 45: 39–60.Google Scholar
Peterson, J. 2004. Khirbet Hammam (WHS 149): A late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B settlement in the Wadi el-Hasa, Jordan. Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 334: 1–17.10.2307/4150103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, J., Neeley, M., Hill, J.B. et al. 2010. The origins and development of agriculture in the Wadi al-Hasa region: 2006 – Test excavations at Khirbet Hammam (WHS 149), TBAS 102, and TBAS 212. Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 54: 387–412.Google Scholar
Quintero, L., Wilke, P. & Rollefson, G.O. 2004. The eastern Levant, the Pleistocene and paleoanthropology. ACOR Newsletter 16: 1–3.Google Scholar
Quintero, L., Wilke, P. & Rollefson, G.O. 2007. An eastern Jordan perspect-ive on the Lower Paleolithic of the ‘Levantine Corridor’. In Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan IX, ed. al'Khraysheh, F.. Amman: Department of Antiquities, pp. 157–166.Google Scholar
Rech, J.A., Quintero, L.A., Wilke, P.J. & Winer, E.R. 2007. The Lower Paleolithic landscape of ‘Ayoun Qedim, al-Jafr Basin, Jordan. Geoarchaeology 22: 261–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rezek, Z. & Jacobs, Z. 2013. New excavations of the Middle Paleolithic deposits in the rockshelter of Ain Difla, Wadi al-Hasa, Jordan. Paper presented at the 12th International Conference on the History and Archaeology of Jordan. Berlin, Germany.Google Scholar
Richter, T., Garrard, A.N., Allock, S. & Maher, L.A. 2011. Interaction before agriculture: Exchanging material and sharing knowledge in the Final Pleistocene Levant. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 21: 95–114.10.1017/S0959774311000060CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, T., Maher, L.A., Garrard, A.N. et al. 2013. Epipalaeolithic settlement dynamics in southwest Asia: New radiocarbon evidence from the Azraq Basin. Journal of Quaternary Science 28: 467–79.10.1002/jqs.2629CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rollefson, G.O. 1981. The late Acheulian site at Fjaje, Wadi el-Bustan, southern Jordan. Paléorient 7: 5–21.10.3406/paleo.1981.4284CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rollefson, G.O. 1985. Late Pleistocene environment and seasonal hunting strategies: A case study from Fjaje, near Shobak, southern Jordan. In Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan, Vol. II, ed. Hadidi, A.. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, pp. 103–7.Google Scholar
Rollefson, G.O. 2008. The Neolithic Period. In Jordan – an Archaeological Reader, ed. Adams, R.. London: Equinox, pp. 71–108.Google Scholar
Rollefson, G.O. & MacDonald, B. 1998. Settlement patterns in southern Jordan: evidence from the Wadi al-Hasa Survey, 1981. In The Archaeology of the Wadi al-Hasa, West-Central Jordan, Vol. 1: Surveys, Settlement Patterns and Paleoenvironments, ed. Coinman, N.R.. Tempe: Arizona State University Anthropological Research Papers 50, pp. 61–72.Google Scholar
Rollefson, G.O., Quintero, L. & Wilke, P. 2005. The Acheulian industry in the al'Jafr Basin of southeastern Jordan. Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society – Mitekufat Haeven 35: 53–68.10.61247/s424855CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samei, S., Munro, N., Kennerty, M., al-Nahar, M. & Olszewski, D.I. in prep. Taphonomic and zooarchaeological analysis of the Early Epipaleolithic site of Tor at-Tareeq (WHS-1065), Jordan. Quaternary International.Google Scholar
Sampson, A. 2013. Wadi Hamarash I: An Early PPNB Settlement at the Wadi al-Hasa, Vol. 1. Rhodes: University of the Aegean Press.Google Scholar
Schuldenrein, J. 2007. A reassessment of the Holocene stratigraphy of the Wadi Hasa Terrace and Hasa Formation, Jordan. Geoarchaeology 22: 559–83.10.1002/gea.20174CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuldenrein, J. & Clark, G.A. 1994. Landscape and prehistoric chronology of west-central Jordan. Geoarchaeology 9: 31–55.10.1002/gea.3340090103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuldenrein, J. & Clark, G.A. 2001. Prehistoric landscapes and settlement geography along the Wadi Hasa, west-central Jordan – Part I: Geo-archaeology, human palaeoecology and ethnographic modelling. Environmental Archaeology 6: 23–38.10.1179/env.2001.6.1.23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuldenrein, J. & Clark, G.A. 2003. Prehistoric landscapes and settlement geography along the Wadi Hasa, west-central Jordan – Part II: Towards a model of palaeoecologial settlement for the Wadi Hasa. Environmental Archaeology 8: 1–16.10.1179/env.2003.8.1.1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shott, M., Lindly, J., & Clark, G.A. 2011. Continuous modeling of core reduction: Lessons from refitting cores from WHS 623x, an Upper Paleolithic site in Jordan. PaleoAnthropology 2011: 320–33.Google Scholar
Stringer, C. 2007. The origin and dispersal of Homo sapiens: Our current state of knowledge. In Rethinking the Human Revolution, ed. Mellars, P., Boyle, K., Bar-Yosef, O. & Stringer, C.. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, pp. 15–20.Google Scholar
White, C. & Makarewicz, C. 2012. Harvesting practices and early Neolithic barley cultivation at el-Hemmeh, Jordan. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2: 85–94.10.1007/s00334-011-0309-zCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Accessibility standard: Unknown
Why this information is here
This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.Accessibility Information
Accessibility compliance for the HTML of this chapter is currently unknown
and may be updated in the future.
- 3
- Cited by