This chapter illustrates and interprets the transformation of Segesta. More than any other Indigenous settlement in Sicily, this site was rapidly transformed in the span of about a century from a small community into a true polis, equal to its colonial Greek counterparts. The focus is on two of the three sacred areas of Segesta dating to Archaic and Classical periods, namely the sanctuary extra moenia of Contrada Mango and the sacred area of the North Acropolis, where a dialectic between Indigenous traditions and colonial innovation played out.

Archaeological evidence offers an insight into the relationships between the Indigenous settlements and Greek colonies of central and western Sicily, in particular Himera, Selinunte and Agrigento. Three main phases are outlined from the second half of the seventh to the first half of the sixth century BCE; from the second half of the sixth into the first decades of the fifth century BCE; and from the second quarter to the end of the fifth century BCE. These mark a gradual path of acceptance by and assimilation with the Greek colonial world, which includes moments of economic and cultural development as well as phases of profound crisis.

This book has considered what role moral considerations should play within markets. But that leaves to one side the question of whether morality prescribes what sorts of things should be on the market in the first place. In this final chapter we consider recent philosophical debates about what kinds of goods should and should not be available on the market as commodities. If there are to be limits, what principles might govern the determination of those limits? We argue that none of the available arguments establish a strict boundary between the commodifiable and the non-commodifiable. Instead, we suggest that the most important considerations concern the risk of harm both to individuals and to social values.

Chapter 2: Notes from Underground. Excavations in the Athenian Agora have revealed the most important site in the classical world for evidence from more than twenty metalworking establishments. All the bronze statues that Pausanias noted after his visit to Athens are gone, but some of the clay molds that were broken up and discarded in casting pits can be identified: a sixth-century-BC kouros, and a standing male wearing Classical drapery, the casting dated by fourth-century-BC pottery buried in the same fill. Processes and materials remained the same over the centuries. To corroborate the evidence from foundries, and to search for clues to wax, the lost ingredient in the lost-wax process, we examine not only the molds but also fragmentary bronze body parts. To judge from lead curse tablets recording adverse reactions to a few Athenian bronze-workers, there was rivalry between workshops. Finally, we investigate a Roman statue recovered in modern times from a riverbed in Syria.

Consumed by thoughts of a blue flower, Heinrich leaves his cold homeland and travels south until he meets Mathilde, who opens his eyes to the world’s mysteries. Then a tragic event reveals the secret power of poetry …

Heinrich von Ofterdingen, left unfinished at the time of the author’s death, is a masterpiece of philosophical fiction and a classic of German literature. This highly detailed and original interpretation is the most comprehensive and systematic study of the novel ever written. Developing fresh insights into the philosophical ideas of the novel while also attending to its symbolic, literary, and creative qualities, Owen Ware explores how Novalis probes the core problem of modern life – fragmentation, and our sense of alienation from the world. Ultimately, he shows us, this novel is a timeless expression of the Romantics’ idea that only the imagination, guided by love, can bring us back to our spiritual home.

In Ireland, the origins of the notion of ‘minorities’ as categories of political analysis is associated with the democratisation of the representative system and the proposal of Home Rule, from 1885–6. Together these measures presented the prospect of a shift from parliamentary to popular sovereignty and the emergence of Ireland as a distinct self-governing – and overwhelmingly Catholic – country. This chapter examines how both Jews and Protestants responded to these developments and discusses the relations between the two groups. It also discusses how early Zionism in Ireland was related to these constitutional developments and discusses in detail the role of class and geographical distribution in defining the attitudes of the minorities and their sense of identity. The two religious minorities, and especially the Protestants, supported each other when it was in their interest to do so. However, besides political opportunism, there was a genuine elective affinity between them, which are explored herein. The final part of the chapter discusses the historiography.

Chapter 5 begins with a brief overview of the Constitutional Revolution before turning to the role of non-Muslims in the struggle. It begins by exploring the motivations behind religious minorities supporting the revolution. Then it looks at the various ways they contributed – such as providing financial and military assistance, engaging in social initiatives, and establishing cultural institutions like anjomans (associations), schools, and political parties. The chapter highlights the significance of anjomans and explores how transnational networks reinforced the revolutionary cause, with Armenians from the Caucasus and Parsis from India playing especially prominent roles. Finally, it addresses the violence directed at non-Muslims during periods of unrest, underscoring the precariousness of their position even as they participated in the revolutionary movement.

The so-called Tomb of the Diver is a fifth-century stone cist tomb from Paestum/Poseidonia famous for its painted depictions of a young man diving and a symposium. While both the style and iconography of the images have strong Greek connotations, the tomb as a whole is no less deeply rooted in the local social and cultural environment of Iron Age Campania. This burial testifies to the richly diverse and multicultural nature of the late Iron Age societies that lived in South Italy and that included Etruscans, Lucanians, Oinotrians, and Greeks, to name but the principal communities.

This chapter offers a close reading of Chapter 5 of Heinrich von Ofterdingen. Its primary focus is the two new characters Heinrich meets: an old miner and a hermit. The miner embodies a poetic way of seeing nature as an interconnected whole that gives expression to the presence of the divine. The hermit embodies a poetic way of seeing history in a parallel way, in which past and future are joined together in a spiritual present. Heinrich witnesses how their conversation converges on poetry as the higher power that unites nature and history, giving him a first glimpse of his own vocation.