The villain of the story, then, is arbitrary power and its hero is tempered power. Starting there and then asking where such problems are to be found, and what might be relevant to dealing with them, has significant implications for where we should look both for problem-makers and for problem-solvers. As for makers, Chapter 7 argues that if arbitrary power is as obnoxious as I claim, and tempered power such a valuable ideal to pursue, then any serious attempt to approach the goal of the rule of law cannot assume, as is commonly done, that its targets are just governments and the agencies of states. The need to temper ways power is exercised must be considered in relation to a much larger and more complex force field than that of state power, since arbitrary exercise of power is likely to arise in many places, and so too will reasons to want it tempered. So, we should have in mind much more than the usual rule of law suspects and concern ourselves more broadly with people and entities able to access power substantial enough that its arbitrary use is liable to harm. That will extend to many places we like to call ‘private’ but whose effects are often palpably public.

When moving from one ECEC service to another, collaborations should include appropriate staff in the new ECEC service where possible. In instances where children are transitioning into preschool from another ECEC service or to a school setting, collaboration with future educators and other staff in the educational context will be critical to support the child and family throughout. Deciding on the school a child will attend can be notably difficult when there are disabilities, developmental delays or neurodivergence, so this chapter will also explore the family’s right to choose, and how ECEC services can both advocate for the child but also work to empower families to advocate for their child’s rights. In addition, this chapter will provide some practical strategies to support children to transition out of the ECEC service and into new settings in a more seamless and integrated way.

This final and concluding chapter highlights the main points discussed in the book and explains the importance that Early German Romanticism can have in the ecological and environmental-philosophical debate today.

This chapter goes beyond a descriptive view of crime hot spots to explore how hot spots and non-hot spots vary within and across communities. Using the characteristics we focused on in Chapter 2, we ask whether the extent to which hot spots and non-hot spots differ depends on the type of community they are nested within. We also examine to what extent hot spot streets have similar characteristics across the city, or whether hot spots look different depending on the community they are nested within. We find that hot spots differ on most characteristics from streets with little crime regardless of the type of community they are nested in (as indicated by levels of concentrated disadvantage). At the same time, community context does matter in terms of understanding characteristics such as structural measures of social disorganization and disorder. Even so, we find that hot spots of crime have similarly low levels of informal social control irrespective of the communities in which they are nested.”

In today’s evolving educational landscape, collaboration and networking are essential for creating an inclusive and engaging learning environment. This chapter invites you to explore how building strong connections with colleagues, your school community, and wider networks can enhance your teaching and professional growth. By collaborating proactively, you can co-develop plans, adapt strategies, assess student progress, and draw on the strengths of others.

This chapter asserts that J. M. Coetzee’s ostensibly surprising turn to questions of religion in “The Jesus Novels” should have been anticipated from his trajectory of concerns since the novels of the late 1990s. Through a genetic reading of Disgrace that extensively uses Coetzee’s notebooks and drafts for the novel, I show how this work posits the reality of souls, human and nonhuman, and imagines how that reality can reorient the self away from abusive uses of others and toward practices of care. This reading of Disgrace traces how Coetzee dismantles previous forms of Western perception through an anti-epiphany, opening the way for belief in souls to produce a better form of life and seeing others. The chapter closes by considering how the Jesus novels further develop the life of spiritual contemplation that Coetzee’s late style explores.

Climate change threatens terrestrial and aquatic species, worsened by habitat encroachments. Greater pressures on ecosystems, and renewable-energy infrastructure needs, require environmental impact assessments, still weak in the region. Climate threats compel certifications for sustainable cultivation, but certifications often disadvantage cultivators unable to qualify. The conservation impulse spawns protected reserves, threatening vulnerable people unprotected by benefit sharing. “Customary law communities” in some countries limit destructive land-use changes, and have progressed in regaining natural-resource rights, but migration, cultivation bans, and state manipulations threaten their recognition. Climate-induced pest proliferation requires pesticides, but ecosystem and health hazards of chemical pesticides call for biopesticides. Because of regional pest variations, domestic biopesticide production is promising. Smallholder adaptation can be enhanced through payments for environmental services preventing environmental degradation or enhancing the ecosystem. Effective ecosystem protection and restoration can also be enhanced through co-management arrangements.

“Singers (1941–1982)” examines Argentine popular songs about the Falklands/Malvinas Islands through a systematic analysis of previously unexplored sources: the musical works registry of the Argentine Society of Authors and Composers (SADAIC) from its foundation until 1982. While has focused largely on songs produced after the war, this chapter turns to compositions written before 1982, when military action remained an imagined possibility rather than an immediate reality. Reading song lyrics as historical sources, the chapter shows how popular music articulated an “emotional community” that, through diverse tones and registers reinforced the belief that “the Malvinas were, are, and will be Argentine.” Expressed through an art form accessible to broad audiences beyond intellectual or economic elites, these songs projected a forward-looking vision of sovereignty reather than a retrospective memory of loss. The chapter argues that this repertoire sustained a latent fantasy of recovery helping to explain the widespread popular support for the 1982 invasion, despite the military regime’s deep economic and political crises.

Introduction: In this book, we evaluate the ancient testimonia; investigate production materials from Greek and Roman casting debris; look at bronzes inside and out; apply modern technology to reconstructing the ancient industry; and assess the impact of technique on the way in which we understand classical bronze statuary. Furthermore, recognizing post-antique features in restoration, patina, and display can help to correct long-held misconceptions.

This chapter offers a close reading of Chapters 7 and 8 of Heinrich von Ofterdingen. These two brief chapters of the novel turn on Heinrich’s formal apprenticeship to Klingsohr in the art of poetry, and both chapters end with a conversation between Heinrich and Mathilde. It is shown how Klingsohr stresses to Heinrich the importance of balancing reason and feeling, intellect and imagination, in order to become a fully realized poet. The chapter draws attention to the love dialogue between Heinrich and Mathilde, showing why the concept of religion enters into the novel at this stage of his development.

In 2021, the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, there was an exponential increase in the number of deaths in the country. These deaths can be explained, among other factors, by the easing of restrictions on social isolation and the delay in purchasing vaccines. In that context, family members and friends had to deal with abbreviated funeral rituals experienced in a context of necropolitics. In this chapter, based on the analysis of the death of Vítor, a forty-six-year-old Pentecostal pastor, we see how new protocols aimed at containing the spread of the virus affected the traditional rites, shortening their sequences and phases – thus reducing community participation to a minimum – and, in turn, how they drove the creation of new possible rituals. If, on the one hand, the new possible rites point to a process of creating funerals that combines in-person tributes and the use of new technologies, on the other, they highlight the consequences of mourning experienced in a context of political tension mainly due to the actions of a conservative and denialist government.

This chapter introduces the broad conceptual framework of the processes of subjectivisation within global discourses and connects it to agency. It introduces the idea of situational agency and draws upon Mahmood’s work to suggest that agency can be found in the ‘inhabitation of norms’. the chapter provides a background context to post-genocide Rwandan policies, introducing the key agenda of unity and reconciliation, and presents Rwanda as a post-colonial state. Finally, this chapter problematises the collection and interpretation of field data in a post-colonial setting.

Chapter 5 argues that there is a distinctive activity and with it a particular problem, a particular kind of mischief, that is the central concern of the rule of law ideal. The activity is the exercise of power. The focus is not on the purpose of power’s exercise, for which we have other concepts, but the way it is exercised. The goal is to minimise arbitrary ways of exercising it. The chapter explicates the notions of power and arbitrariness. It argues that power itself is not an evil but a necessity for many good things. Nor for that matter is arbitrariness evil in itself. Rather, it is the combination of arbitrariness with power, when substantial, that is obnoxious. It suggests several reasons why it is both intrinsically immoral and likely to have bad consequences. The chapter concludes by arguing that hostility to arbitrary power is rarely the only game in town, but it is almost always justified. Power that is not arbitrary is not what we most want out of life, but it is a condition for many of the things we do want. Hostility to it is immanent in the rule of law ideal.

This chapter explores developments after standards for pre-project consultation were raised in 2013. The six cases examined in this chapter, funded by multilateral and national development banks operating in the Asia Pacific region after heightened community engagement policies, were introduced underscore a number of key insights. The post-2013 cases broadly demonstrate a number of key improvements including greater rigour in consultation and diligence mechanisms, heightened precision in identifying issues of community concern, higher pre-project diligence and screening standards, ongoing environmental and technical monitoring, the presence of locally trained mediators, skill development for consultation participants, and a longer-term view of community welfare and responsive grievance remedies. Shortcomings persisted in some cases, including instances of duress, lack of information disclosure, fraud, limited access to consultation mechanisms and environmental harm leading to project cessation in two cases when the adverse social impacts were seen to outweigh potential benefits. On the whole, corresponding with more rigorous community consultation and diligence standards, during this phase, the number of stalled/cancelled and litigated case declined by 33%, the percentages of cases brought to court declined by 16%, and the number of cases pursuing party agreement through mediation or negotiation increased by 50% compared with ad-hoc discretionary consultation practices prior to 2013.