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Spain has until recently been almost absent from traditional operatic histories and guidebooks, yet its lyric theatre boasts a rich heritage dating back to the early 1620s, which still flourishes four centuries later. The History offers a comprehensive survey from the Baroque to the modern musical, taking in such important theatrical patterns as the romantic zarzuela (1850s–1950s), which remains hugely popular throughout the Hispanic world. The volume is organised chronologically, providing readers with a panoramic overview, while in-depth Interchapters and case studies focus on topics of special interest, including individual composers, works and performers, using a 'transatlantic lens' to examine Spanish-language lyric theatre in the Americas and beyond. It offers a fresh summation of the best modern scholarship from academics, writers and performers, encouraging readers to think in terms of changing musico-dramatic patterns –'living theatre' rather than fixed 'genres' – while pointing forward to the global dissemination of these remarkable Spanish repertoires.
Machiavelli's Discourses on Livy is a monumental work in the history of political thought, which argues for republican government as the constitutional form best suited to producing a glorious nation. Published posthumously in 1531, the Discourses represent Machiavelli's most extensive treatment of politics, covering the ordering of republics, the governance of kingdoms, the administration of military affairs, the conduct of wars and the expansion of empires. This modern translation accurately explains and contextualises Machiavelli's political and historical vocabulary, with commentary indicating its vast range of classical, medieval and humanist sources, as well as identifying its huge number of historical references. Robert Black's accessible introduction, notes and references offer insights into Machiavelli's implicit concepts, providing a full understanding of the Discourses for English-language readers.
Pythagoreanism stands as one the most influential – and obscure – philosophical movements in antiquity. Most ancients identified Pythagoras as the originator of the concept of philosophy, or “love of wisdom”; but his philosophy is often assumed to fade away with the dispersal of the Pythagorean communities in the fourth century BCE. This pathbreaking book presents the afterlife of Pythagoreanism, identifying the wide range of philosophical views that Pythagoreans developed in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, when the legacy of Pythagoras and his students was contested. Through careful analysis and synthesis of hundreds of ancient Greek passages never before translated into English, as well as extensive subject introductions, it gives shape to later Pythagorean philosophy as a whole, and in its parts, for the very first time.
The Greek historian Thucydides is not only the preeminent historian of the ancient world but in many ways a remarkably modern political analyst and reporter. Book I contains his statement of methodology, his account of the build-up to war and especially the speeches giving the motivations of the combatants. It is constantly cited not only by classicists, but also by political and military thinkers in general. Although unjustly denigrated as "chaotic", it contains experiments in different kinds of historical writing far ahead of their time. However, his difficult style requires linguistic commentary for accurate interpretation. This book provides concise but complete guidance to his style, grammar and vocabulary. The commentary is a literary one, elucidating connections with Homeric interpretation, Herodotus, and the contemporary intellectual and political life of Athens. It should become the standard edition for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and offers much of value to the scholar too.
This volume offers a clear and authoritative gateway into the world of Hellenistic poetry, presenting the state of the art in a form accessible to newcomers and valuable to experienced scholars alike. Designed for undergraduate and graduate students of ancient cultures, especially those in Classics, as well as instructors and researchers, it distils a complex literary era into an illuminating, concise guide. Moving beyond isolated readings of individual poets such as Callimachus, Theocritus and Apollonius, the book situates Hellenistic poetry within its rich historical, political, cultural, and religious contexts, and discusses its important afterlife in Roman poetry. It highlights how shifting power structures, expanding intellectual networks, and new forms of cultural expression and religion shaped poetic innovation both in Alexandria and in the wider Mediterranean world. Whether used in the classroom or consulted as a research companion, this Companion provides an indispensable, overview of a transformative period in ancient literature.
Research in phonology has changed dramatically over the past two decades, with increasing influence from adjacent fields, including phonetics, psychology, and computer science, on both theories and methodologies. Cross-field interaction has led to a new emphasis on computation, learning, and evidence, and many new theoretical frameworks and methods have been developed. Now in its second edition, this handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of phonological theories, methods, and evidence. It has been fully revised and updated to offer both foundational and forward-looking content by combining classic issues with new research areas. Split into five thematic sections, with each chapter written by an expert in the field, this handbook continues to represent the state of the art in the discipline. It is essential reading for instructors, researchers, and students of phonology, as well as for those in related fields such as phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics, psycholinguistics, and speech pathology.
In this ambitious study of the transition from slavery to freedom, Christopher Bischof explores the idealism that characterized imperial responses to emancipation. Employing a new analytical framework, he considers how British reformers used schemes of liberal humanitarian reform to encourage outcomes that were humane for freedpeople but also secured the continued prosperity of sugar plantations. Through wide-ranging case studies of free-labor abolitionism, special magistrates, elementary education, freeholding, and Chinese indentured labor, the cheap, light-handed humanitarian interventions designed to produce this outcome come into view. As Bischof argues, this idealistic vision helped to legitimize British imperialism at a key moment in its expansion and ideological consolidation. However, this ultimately proved insufficient as freedpeople pursued their own vision of freedom. Combining social, cultural, and political history, Bischof sheds light on the story underpinning this endeavor and the new forms of racism and imperial authority that emerged in its wake.
What did weather mean to people in the past, and who did they believe controlled it? In this cultural history of the early medieval Frankish world, David J. Patterson argues that the medieval atmosphere was a contested arena in which saintly, royal, demonic, and human authority met and often clashed. Engaging with paleoclimate proxy evidence alongside cultural and religious texts, he illuminates the complex political, metaphorical, and theological underpinnings of medieval descriptions of weather, complicating modern attempts to reconstruct past climate conditions using documentary sources. In particular, Patterson reconstructs how medieval communities built “circles of protection” against storm, drought, and frost, considering how they imagined the tempestarii – the weather-makers – who lived among them. Refusing both environmental determinism and pastoral nostalgia, he offers a new historical perspective on approaches toward protection, blame, and authority, exploring past human relationships with the weather in ways that still resonate today.
The Weird-a transgressive mode of fiction redolent with ooze, tentacles, and unfathomable geometries-has proven to be one of the most influential genres of the past century, despite being one of the most difficult to define. This volume charts the development of the Weird, from its origins in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (drawing connections to both popular, pulp fiction and 'high' Modernism) to the New Weird of today and related global forms. Leading scholars explore this troubling genre, offering global perspectives that go beyond the narrow frame of Euro-American fiction, to include works from Africa, Asia, and Scandinavia, as well as Indigenous voices, and ranging from novels and magazines to movies and games. The Cambridge Companion to Literature and the Weird is both a comprehensive history and a broad reimagining of the field, perfect for general readers, undergraduate researchers, and scholars of the form.
Vladimir Lenin remains one of the most significant figures of the twentieth century: a major socialist thinker, the leading figure in the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia and an enduring influence on the global revolutionary movement. This Companion offers a major reassessment of Lenin, his thought, experiences and legacy, through a series of concise and accessible chapters, grounded in the latest research. It provides an authoritative survey of important themes and events from the time of Lenin's emergence as a Marxist thinker, writer and revolutionary to his actions during Russia's revolutionary period. Central aspects of Lenin's thought are explored in depth, including revolution, the state, violence, gender, race and culture. The volume also explores the theoretical significance and enduring memorialisation of Lenin over a century after his death.
The Cambridge Companion to Colson Whitehead offers an accessible, engaging guide to one of today's most influential American writers. Designed for readers, students, professors, teachers, and reading circles, it illuminates Whitehead's extraordinary range – from historical epics and speculative fiction to satire and coming-of-age narratives. The book provides clear explanations of his major themes, including race, memory, trauma, and American mythmaking, while tracing how his innovative storytelling and genre-blending have reshaped contemporary literature. Each chapter offers concise analysis, cultural context, and practical insights that deepen appreciation for Whitehead's novels. Ideal for classrooms, libraries, and book discussions, this companion helps readers understand why Whitehead's work resonates so widely and equips students and teachers to engage with his writing with confidence. Whether new to his fiction or revisiting it with fresh eyes, readers will find a thoughtful, comprehensive resource that enriches their engagement with his remarkable body of work.
This Companion examines the relationship between philosophy and literature. It shows how philosophy, like literature, aims to transform its reader. It maps four shared terrains—Truth, Value, Form, and Being-to show how philosophical argument and literary imagination illuminate one another. Written by leading scholars, this Companion ranges from ethics, politics, and law to fiction, film, question, metaphor, and literature's power to shape a life. Historically informed and forward-looking, it offers an accessible guide to a vibrant interdisciplinary field, demonstrating how philosophy and literature together make real, existential claims on how we think, read, and live.