La maîtrise de la liaison constitue indéniablement un enjeu majeur pour l'apprentissage – et l'enseignement – du FLE. Nous examinerons pourquoi la liaison est si complexe du point de vue des apprenants, avant de nous intéresser aux difficultés qu'elle pose aux non natifs, en perception et en production. Nous montrerons enfin en quoi le corpus du projet ‘Interphonologie du français contemporain’ (IPFC) fournit un cadre adéquat et innovant pour l'analyse des productions de liaison en FLE, analyse qui, couplée aux enseignements des corpus oraux de locuteurs natifs, s'avère indispensable pour être en mesure de proposer des ressources pédagogiques adaptées.

Le corpus des Enquêtes sociolinguistiques à Orléans (ESLO), composé de deux périodes de recueils (1968–1974 et depuis 2006) et comprenant une grande diversité de situations (entretiens, paroles publiques, conversations lors de repas, réunions de travail) nous offre des données uniques pour étudier le changement linguistique sur la base des usages de la liaison en français parlé. A partir d'un sous-corpus comprenant 7 locuteurs enregistrés à 40 ans d'intervalle, nous proposons une méthode de repérage et codage des liaisons et nous ouvrons différentes pistes d'analyse qui reposent nécessairement sur une exploration fine du corpus, dans le respect d'une démarche résolument variationniste.

La parole publique constitue un observatoire privilégié pour de la phonologie du français. Son témoignage sur les changements phonologiques en cours est étudié sur le terrain de la liaison. Un corpus de discours et d'interviews de femmes et d'hommes politiques couvrant la période 1999–2015 démontre l'hétérogénéité profonde du phénomène: liaison obligatoire et liaison variable constituent deux phénomènes nettement distincts. Le premier est relativement stable tandis que le second profondément variable est marqué par un changement en cours. Le changement affecte un petit nombre de mots très fréquents, ce qui induit une variabilité très importante.

This article explores the creation of the system for the conservation of architectural heritage in Northern Ireland, evidencing the struggle for convergence within the UK before 1972. The agency of networked individuals, close state–civil society interrelationships and the innovative actions of conservationist groups in response to legislative and practice inadequacies in the 1960s are discussed. In particular, a series of ‘pre-statutory lists’ are introduced, highlighting the burgeoning interest in industrial archaeology and Victorian architecture in Belfast and the prompt provided to their creation by redevelopment. The efforts of conservationists were eventually successful after the collapse of Devolution in the early 1970s.

Notre contribution se propose de mener une analyse fréquentielle de la liaison variable à partir des données de parole semi-spontanée extraites du corpus « Phonologie du Français Contemporain » (Durand, Laks et Lyche, 2002; 2009). Les résultats de notre étude confirment la présence d'une distribution de Mandelbrot-Zipf des réalisations, selon laquelle un nombre limité de séquences permet de rendre compte de plus de la moitié des occurrences. Ces données semblent davantage remettre en discussion un traitement unitaire de la liaison basé sur des règles et apporter des arguments en faveur d'une approche exemplariste d’étude de la liaison.

La phonologie du français présente un phénomène bien connu de sandhi externe à la jointure de mot appelé liaison : devant une unité lexicale à initiale vocalique, un mot se terminant apparemment par une voyelle s'enchaîne syllabiquement en prenant appui sur une consonne: un petit / café [ pət i k a f e] vs un petit enfant [ pət i tãfã]. Cette consonne de liaison (CL), ici le /t/, qui n'apparaît que lorsque le mot de droite commence par voyelle, a été analysée comme latente, épenthétique ou supplétive, appartenant au mot de gauche (mot 1, M1 ci-après), de droite (mot 2, M2 ci-après) ou à aucun selon les auteurs, nous y reviendrons.

McMurdo Station, Antarctica, is a US Federal research facility operated year-round by the National Science Foundation (NSF). Its primary mission is to support scientific research, but it also provides logistical air and ground support for South Pole Station, seasonal field sites and nearby stations operated by other countries. It is the largest station in Antarctica, supporting up to 1,200 people. While McMurdo Station has a long scientific legacy, the facility also has an interesting architectural and engineering history that spans 60 years and has its antecedents in the ‘heroic age’ of exploration (1898–1916) and the Little America expeditions (1929–1958). Here, I describe the history of the built environment of McMurdo Station to clarify how it evolved from a temporary air station in the late 1950s to its current role as the flagship research facility of the US Antarctic Research Program (USAP). This historical review may provide insights that are useful as the station continues to transform and evolve, allowing it to continue its scientific mission into the 21st century.

The activity of intracellular proteolytic enzymes was studied in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fingerlings (0+) after hatching from spawning nests and dispersal in the Varzuga River main stem and its Pyatka tributary (Kola Peninsula, White Sea Basin). The study focused on calcium-dependent cytosolic proteinases (µ- and m-calpains), lysosomal proteinases (cathepsins В and D) and collagenase, and determined the free/protein-bound hydroxyproline ratio, which portrays collagenolytic activity. Compared to fingerlings from the Varzuga main stem, the intracellular proteolytic enzyme activity of cysteine proteinase and collagenase was higher in fingerlings from the Pyatka tributary, where current velocities and food availability were higher. These results indicate that there is a higher rate of intracellular protein metabolism in the juveniles from this phenotypic group.

‘European archaeology’ is an ambiguous and contested rubric. Rooted in the political histories of European archaeology, it potentially unites an academic field and provides a basis for international collaboration and inclusion, but also creates essentialized identities and exclusionary discourses. This discussion article presents a range of views on what European archaeology is, where it comes from, and what it could be.

There is strong evidence that legacies of Apartheid remain in place in South Africa's education system, entangling economic inequality, racial categorization, and de facto language hierarchy. This study draws from an ethnographic study of language diversity in a Cape Town public school, focusing on how classroom practices regulate and school staff frame language diversity and social inequality among their pupils. It uses the concepts of language register, sociolinguistic scale, and racialization to analyze how education policy, classroom practices, and school discourses about language in South Africa implicate class and racial hierarchies. It shows how register analysis reveals multi-scaled connections between linguistic and social inequality. (Language registers, education, social inequality, South Africa)*

This article presents previously unknown archaeological evidence of a mid-second-millennium bc kingdom located in central western Anatolia. Discovered during the work of the Central Lydia Archaeological Survey in the Marmara Lake basin of the Gediz Valley in western Turkey, the material evidence appears to correlate well with text-based reconstructions of Late Bronze Age historical geography drawn from Hittite archives. One site in particular—Kaymakçı—stands out as a regional capital and the results of the systematic archaeological survey allow for an understanding of local settlement patterns, moving beyond traditional correlations between historical geography and capital sites alone. Comparison with contemporary sites in central western Anatolia, furthermore, identifies material commonalities in site forms that may indicate a regional architectural tradition if not just influence from Hittite hegemony.