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6023 results in Facet Publishing

Page 110 of 302

The Silence of the Archive
  • David Thomas, Simon Fowler
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    11 May 2017
  • This new book will provide a ground breaking discussion of a major but little considered issue - the silence of the archive: why archives, sometimes seen as the repositories of truth, often fail to satisfy users because they do not contain information which they expect to find. Silences range from details of individuals' lives to records of state oppression or of intelligence operations. The book brings together ideas from a wide range of fields, from contemporary history through family history research to Shakespearian studies. It describes why there are these silences, what the impact of them is, how researchers have responded to them and what the silence of the archive means for researchers in the digital age.

Catalogue 2.0
  • The future of the library catalogue
  • Edited by Sally Chambers
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 July 2013
  • Will there be a library catalogue in the future and, if so, what will it look like? In the last 25 years, the library catalogue has undergone an evolution, from card catalogues to OPACs, discovery systems and even linked data applications making library bibliographic data accessible on the web. At the same time, users expectations of what catalogues will be able to offer in the way of discovery have never been higher. This groundbreaking edited collection brings together some of the foremost international cataloguing practitioners and thought leaders, including Lorcan Dempsey, Emmanuelle Bermès, Marshall Breeding and Karen Calhoun, to provide an overview of the current state of the art of the library catalogue and look ahead to see what the library catalogue might become. Practical projects and cutting edge concepts are showcased in discussions of linked data and the Semantic Web, user expectations and needs, bibliographic control, the FRBRization of the catalogue, innovations in search and retrieval, next-generation discovery products and mobile catalogues. This will be essential reading for everyone interested in the future of the library catalogue, from cataloguers and metadata specialists, library adminstrtorts and managers responsible for planning and strategy, systems librarians, user services managers, electronic resources librarians, and digital library project managers, to students on cataloguing, information management and digital library courses.

Interactive Information Seeking, Behaviour and Retrieval
  • Edited by Ian Ruthven, Diane Kelly
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 August 2011
  • Information retrieval (IR) is a complex human activity supported by sophisticated systems. Information science has contributed much to the design and evaluation of previous generations of IR system development and to our general understanding of how such systems should be designed and yet, due to the increasing success and diversity of IR systems, many recent textbooks concentrate on IR systems themselves and ignore the human side of searching for information. This book is the first text to provide an information science perspective on IR. Unique in its scope, the book covers the whole spectrum of information retrieval, including: history and background information; behaviour and seeking task-based information; searching and retrieval approaches to investigating information; interaction and behaviour information; representation access models; evaluation interfaces for IR; interactive techniques; web retrieval, ranking and personalization; and, recommendation, collaboration and social search multimedia: interfaces and access. A key text for senior undergraduates and masters' level students of all information and library studies courses, this book is also useful for practising LIS professionals who need to better appreciate how IR systems are designed, implemented and evaluated.

Exploring Digital Libraries
  • Foundations, Practice, Prospects
  • Karen Calhoun
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2014
  • A landmark textbook on digital libraries for LIS students, educators and practising information professionals throughout the world. Exploring Digital Libraries is a highly readable, thought-provoking authorative and in-depth treatment of the digital library arena that provides an up-to-date overview of the progress, nature and future impact of digital libraries, from their collections and technology-centred foundations over two decades ago to their emergent, community-centred engagement with the social web.

Valuing Your Collection
  • A Practical Guide for Museums, Libraries and Archives
  • Freda Matassa
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    30 June 2017
  • This book addresses the issue of valuing objects in cultural collections, ranging from high-value to low or no-value and featuring a range of collections including fine art, archives, science and photography. Practical advice is given on how to assign values and best practice examples are drawn from museums, libraries and archives. The subject of valuation has always been challenging for museums and public collections and is becoming more urgent as monetary values of many items continue to break records. There is an increase in lending, with more loans requiring a value for insurance. Cultural collections and exhibitions are expanding to all corners of the world, while, at the same time, lenders are becoming more risk-averse. Valuing Your Collection will address the issues and offer some solutions.

Copyright for Archivists and Records Managers
  • Tim Padfield
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 July 2015
  • The fifth edition of this respected work has been extensively revised and updated to include: a description of the major changes to copyright exceptions and limitations for libraries and archives including the changes to permit preservation copying and copying for users of any kind of work, a simplification of the declarations required from users and a new exception permitting onsite access to digital material; a description and discussion of the new schemes for orphan works; a description of the other changes to exceptions for copyright and performer's rights, notably education; quotation; caricature, parody and pastiche; text and data mining; disability; and private copying; a revision of the views expressed on the exhibition of literary, dramatic and musical works; an explanation of why a digital photograph, consisting of a numerical file, is still an artistic work; a description of the changes in duration for sound recordings and especially for sound recordings of performances and for copyright in songs; analysis of new copyright legislation in the Channel Islands and other British overseas territories; an explanation of how national courts decide whether they have jurisdiction over the infringement of copyright on the internet; a description of changes to Crown copyright licensing and the licensing of public sector information; a new section giving links to useful websites; consideration of the many copyright cases that have come before the courts the last few years that have provided help with the interpretation of many aspects of the legislation. Some notable examples are on the meaning of 'transient and incidental', 'scientific research', 'parody' and 'originality'; whether hyperlinking infringes; the importance of a signature on an assignment; the terms that may be implied into a licence; and the relationship between the rights of a copyright owner and freedom of speech.

The No-nonsense Guide to Born-digital Content
  • Heather Ryan, Walker Sampson
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    30 April 2018
  • This book offers a comprehensive, entry-level guide for librarians and archivists who have found themselves managing or are planning to manage born-digital content. Libraries and archives of all sizes are collecting and managing an increasing proportion of digital content. Within this body of digital content is a growing pool of 'born-digital' content: content that has been created and has often existed solely in digital form. The No-nonsense Guide to Born-digital Content explains step by step processes for developing and implementing born-digital content workflows in library and archive settings of all sizes and includes a range of case studies collected from small, medium and large institutions internationally.

Developing Digital Scholarship
  • Emerging practices in academic libraries
  • Edited by Alison Mackenzie, Lindsey Martin
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    17 October 2016
  • This book provides strategic insights drawn from librarians who are meeting the challenge of digital scholarship, utilizing the latest technologies and creating new knowledge in partnership with researchers, scholars, colleagues and students. The impact of digital on libraries has extended far beyond its transformation of content, to the development of services, the extension and enhancement of access to research and to teaching and learning systems. As a result,the fluidity of the digital environment can often be at odds with the more systematic approaches to development traditionally taken by academic libraries, which has also led to a new generation of roles and shifting responsibilities with staff training and development often playing ‘catch-up'. One of the key challenges to emerge is how best to demonstrate expertise in digital scholarship which draws on the specialist technical knowledge of the profession and maintains and grows its relevance for staff, students and researchers. This edited collection spans a wide range of contrasting perspectives, contexts, insights and case studies, which explore the relationships between digital scholarship, contemporary academic libraries and professional practice. The book demonstrates that there are opportunities to be bold, remodel, trial new approaches and reposition the library as a key partner in the process of digital scholarship.

Information Systems
  • Process and Practice
  • iResearch
  • Edited by Christine Urquhart, Hamad Faten, Dina Tbaishat, Alison Yeoman
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2017
  • This book adopts a holistic interpretation of information architecture, to offer libraries and information professionals a variety of methods, tools, and techniques that may be used when designing websites and information systems that support workflows and what people require when "managing information".

The Data Librarian's Handbook
  • Robin Rice, John Southall
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2016
  • The Data Librarian's Handbook covers a large amount of interesting terrain in thoughtful and accessible ways. It is both essential for any information professional interested in data and their management, and is also indicative of the increasing – and increasingly varied – role that data and data management play in libraries and more broadly across academia.

Information Governance and Assurance
  • Reducing Risk, Promoting Policy
  • Alan Maclennan
  • Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    30 June 2014
  • This comprehensive textbook discusses the legal, organizational and ethical aspects of information governance, assurance and security and their relevance to all aspects of information work. Information governance describes the activities and practices which have developed to control the use of information, including, but not limited to, practices mandated by law. In a world in which information is increasingly seen as a top-level asset, the safeguarding and management of information is of concern to everyone. From the researcher who is responsible for ethical practices in the gathering, analysis, and storage of data, to the reference librarian who must deliver unbiased information; from the records manager who must respond to information requests, to the administrator handling personnel files, this book with equip practitioners and students alike to implement good information governance practice in real-world situations.

  • 4 - Case Study of RDM in an Environmental Engineering Science Project

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 33-40

  • Summary

    Aims

    The aim of the chapter is to give you a deeper insight into the nature of the issues around RDM by exploring a particular case study in some depth.

    The project

    In this chapter we will look at a case study of a particular research project. The focus is on the different types of data that are collected, created and reused. We will also use it to consider the challenges that the complexity of the research project present to the management of active data and their long-term preservation. The chapter gives you direct access to a researcher speaking about their work in their own words.

    This case study consists of an interview with Steve Banwart, Professor of Environmental Engineering Science at the University of Sheffield. He is the leader of a large-scale project that is funded by the European Union. The project looks at how soil – one of our planet's essential natural resources – is produced and how it degrades. The aim is to quantify the impacts of environmental change on key functions of the soil and capture this in predictive models that can be used in decision making.

    The project is international in scope. Soil Transformations in European Catchments (SoilTrec) brings together a network of over 30 research field sites. Professor Banwart explains that ‘it has 16 different institutions, as partners located in 3 different continents.’ The partner institutions are primarily in Europe, but also in the USA and in China.

    Working with geographically dispersed teams that each collect data that need to be understood and ultimately combined with the data that other teams collect is quite a challenge in itself. But to add to the complexity of the project, these teams are also multidisciplinary and include, for example, engineers, chemists, biologists and physicists. It is therefore not surprising that the researchers working on the project handle a wide variety of data, sometimes in large quantities. This project handles data that are generated principally through observations and experiments in the field, ‘digging holes in the ground and studying dirt, if you will’, as well as laboratory experimentation. Data are also generated through computer modelling. And, Professor Banwart adds, ‘we also use existing remote earth observation data, primarily satellite data and geographical information systems held by government agencies like the European Soil Bureau.’

  • 5 - RDM: Drivers and Barriers

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 41-56

  • Summary

    Aims

    The aim of this chapter is to explore the forces that have led to RDM becoming important now, but also to explore why this has not led to change smoothly across every institution and for every researcher. It will prompt you to start to think about how these forces play out across particular institutions, such as one that you work for now or want to work for.

    Introduction

    This century has seen a gathering momentum behind the idea of research data management and open data.

    Data sharing in the sciences has been common practice for many years. It is well established in such fields as meteorology, astronomy and genomics, for example. Data archives for particular fields of research have existed for half a century in many countries. For example, in the UK there has been a repository for social science-related datasets for decades, funded by the main government funder of social science research. Therefore there have also been for a while policies that mandate the deposit of material. Yet the extension of these ideas across the gamut of research is relatively new. Unravelling exactly how this has happened would probably take a book in itself, but it is instructive to explore some of the forces at work, because they pull in somewhat different directions and are still working themselves through. Some are pragmatic, some are ideological. How these arguments play out today at an institutional level will reflect the complexity of the underlying forces. Having a handle on these drivers is essential to positioning your own work effectively, in what is inevitably a rather politicised landscape.

    To summarise what follows, much of the increasing stress on RDM can be traced back to the impact of digital technologies on how science is done, and particularly on the amount of data being generated in research and the potential to share it, because of the easy mobility of digital data. In addition, in some subjects there has also been a ‘crisis of reproducibility’: a loss of confidence in the integrity of scientific practice, resulting in a call for greater transparency. There is also a somewhat broader movement to reform research practice, often under the umbrella term ‘open science’.

  • 6 - RDM as a Wicked Challenge

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 57-66

  • Summary

    Aims

    The aim of this chapter is to explore the nature of research data as a management and leadership issue, in particular in the light of the distinction between ‘tame’ and ‘wicked’ challenges.

    Types of problem

    Management in any context involves tackling problems. However, it may be useful to distinguish different types of problem, because they demand a slightly different managerial approach and skillset.

    In everyday management there are plenty of ‘tame’ problems. These are known issues that we have well-trodden ways of dealing with. For example, we need to change our policy to respond to a new government initiative or law. We review the change, look at our existing procedures, talk to different stakeholders and try and devise a new policy. Then we publicise the change and offer training. After a while we evaluate how well the change has been put into practice. The management problem is simply to manage the resources available to carry through a fairly familiar set of steps.

    At the other end of the spectrum of complexity and uncertainty are what are sometimes called ‘wicked’ problems or challenges. These are far less familiar and understood; they are so entangled with multiple issues it is hard to know even where to start to address them. We may not be quite sure what sort of outcome we really want. Perhaps there is no ‘solution’ to them, only ways of coping. It follows that the approach to management and leadership in this kind of context requires us to operate differently from addressing the tame problem.

    Exploring further

    We find this idea of different types of problem an immensely interesting one. Reflect on an area of professional or personal life and see if you can identify a tame and a more wicked type of issue. Recognising the difference, do you approach the issues differently?

    The wicked challenge concept

    The concept of a wicked problem was originally defined in urban planning in the 1970s by Rittel and Webber (1973). An analogous concept is the ‘social mess’, a term coined by Horn and Weber (2007). Thinking about applying the concept to RDM, Cox, Pinfield and Smith (2016) suggested that we could synthesise such work to produce a list of features of a wicked challenge.

  • 17 - Evaluation of RDS

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 159-172

  • Summary

    Aims

    The purpose of this chapter is to consider how to evaluate RDS and RDM.

    Introduction

    Evaluation is a controversial topic. On the one hand, it feels obvious that without clearly defined objectives it is impossible to say whether a set of activities are worthwhile. And if we do not collect some data about how we are performing against those objectives we do not know how well we are performing. Tools like SMART objectives reflect this thinking and encourage us to measure whether objectives have been met. At the same time, it may be difficult to define purposes, especially where complex, intangible values are being pursued. In such a context defining our purposes and defining valid measures, i.e. ones that actually measure what we want to achieve, are hard. Capturing data about our achievements, especially quantitative data, is likely to be problematic. At some point more complex measures break down because they are hard to collect and understand.

    In the library world, for example, there is pressure to demonstrate the value of the library to student learning. But learning is such a complex construct that it is hard to see how it could ever easily be measured, in a totally valid way. Tools such as the LibQual survey, while widely used in libraries to measure service performance, only compare satisfaction against expectation, not learning itself. Other types of measure, such as the number of resources or even downloads, do not directly link to learning, only the levels of activity.

    In addition, the question of evaluation has resonances with the debate around the new public management and neo-liberalisation (see Chapter 5). For many, the way that academia is increasingly run like a private organisation with crude quantitative measures of performance – ‘key performance indicators’ – erodes the university's true purpose to promote learning and research in their widest sense.

    Nevertheless, it would be odd not to write about the evaluation of RDS/RDM here, even though the literature on the topic is actually surprisingly sparse. From a management perspective it makes sense to collect data about performance, even if it is purely for internal consumption within the RDS team.

  • 16 - Infrastructure for Research Data Storage and Preservation

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 147-158

  • Summary

    Aims

    The aim of this chapter is to outline the infrastructure required for RDM, particularly a repository for sharing data. This is as much about processes and policies as technologies.

    Technical infrastructure

    Developing and maintaining a technical infrastructure to support research data management is not the goal of institutional RDM, but it is a significant means to achieve the kind of behavioural change that is likely to be the real objective. It does this by enabling researchers to plan their data management from the start of a project, to look after their primary research data whilst they are working on a project, and to support the long-term preservation and sharing of those data. Each stage of this cycle may have its dedicated supporting technical infrastructure, for example:

  • • an online data management planning tool

  • • a means for the secure storage of primary research data whilst the project is ongoing, giving access to those who need it, thus facilitating the sharing of data amongst a project team

  • • and finally, a facility to store data for long-term preservation and, where possible, to share those data with the wider community.

    • Again, although repository (including preservation and sharing) systems have often been the focus of research data management projects, it is important to realise that they really are only the end point, where a selection of the primary research data produced by a research project will find a permanent home, for example at the point of publication or when the project is wrapped up. This chapter focuses on this end point: a repository for long-term preservation and data sharing.

    The repository

    A repository is likely to have three components:

  • a catalogue

  • physical storage

  • file format preservation.

    • The catalogue and storage functionality are part and parcel of any repository solution, yet in some circumstances an institution may only need a catalogue of assets, and may not prioritise preservation. In some cases it may be worth investing in separate software that manages long-term preservation of the data files by monitoring the file formats that are in use, assessing their obsolescence and facilitating their migration to other file formats when needed.

  • 7 - Research Data Services

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 67-74

  • Summary

    Aims

    The aim of this chapter is to explore the potential elements of a research data service(s) (RDS). It also sets this in a wider context of shifts in how research is supported as a whole in HE institutions.

    Research data services (RDS)

    Looking across the HE sector there seems to be a pattern towards developing services in areas where researchers need particular guidance and support. Following this trend, a central RDS may be created to take some of the burden of effort off researchers, apply special expertise and benefit from the economies to be gained of performing roles centrally. Such services can be understood as consisting of the following five components:

  • 1 institutional policy

  • 2 developing a clear and agreed mission

  • 3 support, advice and training

  • 4 infrastructure

  • 5 evaluation strategy.

    • First, the task of defining an institutional policy on research data, backed by a business case, is likely to define the context within which the RDS can be built. A second component of an RDS is about developing a clear and agreed mission. A central aspect of this could be user requirements gathering at an initial stage. Specific services that can be developed are usefully grouped under the support, advice and training component and, as another component, infrastructure.

    Support, advice and training

  • • Advocacy work – increasing understanding amongst the academic community and university leadership of the complex issues around RDM. This includes promoting awareness of policy. This is an important enough aspect of advocacy to be given special emphasis.

  • • Advice – from tailored one-to-one support through to generic FAQs and web pages. Supporting data management planning (DMP) is one specific aspect of an advisory service, but is important enough to often be seen as a service in itself. Hence in this book there is a chapter on data management planning.

  • • Training – this could be anything from one-to-one training to workshops, short courses, webinars and online tutorials.

    • Infrastructure

  • • Managing active data – this includes data storage, back-ups and data security.

  • • Appraisal and description of data for deposit, including data cataloguing. The catalogue may or may not be linked to a repository with access to data. It might be simply a listing of contact details and descriptions of datasets.

  • • Data sharing and long-term preservation.

  • 15 - Training Researchers and Data Literacy

  • Andrew Cox, Eddy Verbaan
  • Book:
    Exploring Research Data Management
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    21 September 2019
    Print publication:
    11 May 2018, pp 139-146

  • Summary

    Aims

    The aim of this chapter is to work through the decisions that need to be made to set up a programme of training about research data management.

    Introduction

    Central to any RDS will be the function of training members of the organisation in RDM. The chapter is organised around a series of interrelated decisions involved in designing such a training programme.

    One of the outcomes of your talking to researchers and your more systematic user requirements gathering (Chapter 9) will be to have a feel for what the needs are around the institution. But determining audiences, content and channels for training is in itself quite challenging.

    Exploring further

    Think about some of the more engaging CPD or training courses you have been on. What made the best events stand out? It could be:

  • • the immediate usefulness of what you learned

  • • the hands-on time

  • • what you learned from other people on the course, as opposed to the trainers

  • • the time you were given to talk through how the challenge affected you

  • • the warmth and helpfulness of the trainers

  • • something else.

    • Think about how you can manage the learning situation to recreate such a good learning experience for anyone who comes on one of your courses.

    Step 1: Who is the training for?

    At some level it may be that every researcher in the institution needs some training in basic awareness of institutional policy and guidelines and to draw attention to critical areas of risk. But attempting to develop training that feels relevant to everyone, in every discipline and level of experience, is challenging.

    It is probable that people in different meta-disciplines will have widely differing views on what RDM is about. That does not mean that they should be taught separately but it will take extra effort to ensure that the material feels relevant to everyone. An obvious compromise is to organise training by meta-discipline (e.g. for humanities scholars separate from engineers). Training customised to each department or subject discipline may not be scalable.

    Actually it could be argued that those with similar methodologies might be best brought together, regardless of their field.

Page 110 of 302