While extensive research exists on general pornography consumption, there is limited focus on the consumption of non-preferred sexual content and its potential associated discomfort. In 2019, a total of 1,133 Spanish men aged between 18 and 40 years (M = 24.78; SD = 5.91) completed a questionnaire regarding their consumption of male–female, female–female, and male–male pornography, the attentional focus, as well as the discomfort they experienced when aroused by such materials. The results were analyzed based on five groups of sexual attraction, ranging from “exclusively heterosexual” to “exclusively gay.” Regardless of sexual attraction, men reported consuming and experiencing arousal by all three types of pornography. Exclusively heterosexual men primarily consumed and were aroused by male–female and female–female pornography, while exclusively gay men preferred male–female and male–male pornography. Men with nonexclusive sexual attraction, especially bisexual men, exhibited high levels of consumption and arousal across all types of pornography evaluated. When watching male–female pornography, exclusively heterosexual men reported focusing more on women, exclusively gay men on men, and men with nonexclusive attractions on interactions among individuals. Male–male pornography material caused the most discomfort. These findings illustrate the variety of experiences of consumption and arousal by pornography, even from featuring non-preferred sexual activities. The study also highlights the associated discomfort, particularly with male–male pornography. Further exploration is needed to understand the phenomenon behind this discomfort, such as internalized desires, and to promote a more flexible understanding of sexual identities to support inclusive and healthy sexual health practices.

The Roca San Miguel (RSM) archaeological site was occupied during Mousterian times. Here we present a geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the site. Five stratigraphic units (A to E) formed by different archaeological levels are identified. Three optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages show that Unit A dates to between 169.6 ± 9.1 and 151.9 ± 11.1 ka, during the penultimate glacial period (PGP), and contains numerous signs of recurring hearths. Unit B is unexcavated. Unit C dates to between 118.9 ± 11.5 and 103.4 ± 6.9 ka (late Eemian–marine isotope stage (MIS) 5d) and shows an abundance of lithic remains as well as some faunal elements. Unit C is covered by Unit D, which incorporates materials moved downslope, and is dated at 81.2 ± 4.7 ka. These OSL ages concur with U/Th ages (129.3 ± 1.5 and 123.6 ± 0.6 ka) derived from a flowstone covered by both -C and D- post-flowstone units. Finally, Unit E covers the archaeological site, which was partially eroded during MIS2. The robust and well-constrained chronology of the RSM site and surroundings enables the establishment of its evolutionary model from the PGP to the last glacial cycle. The RSM site is the oldest Neanderthal occupation accurately dated in the Pre-Pyrenean region.

The novel acoustic transversal topology has demonstrated to be a potential candidate for the development of the next generation of communication filters. The major asset of this topology is its capacity to achieve any filter response without the detriment of limited electro-acoustic coupling. Additionally, this topology prompts for an easy connection of different filters to create multiband and multiplexing responses. This study recalls and further details on the design of multiplexers based on transversal topology using bulk acoustic wave (BAW) or surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators. An important practical aspect of this topology is the need of a BALUN stage at one port of the filter.

The use of the transversal topology is then applied to another type of acoustic resonator configuration, coupled resonator filter (CRF). Such a resonator configuration offers control over the phase of each transversal path, allowing us to eliminate the BALUN stage. CRF resonators are modeled by means of a different circuit model than BAW or SAW, which calls for a new synthesis procedure. This paper describes the synthesis approach and circuit transformation for the development of multiplexers based on the transversal arrangement of the CRF resonators. An example of a fully simulated 9-plexer is provided to verify this procedure.

More than 50% of Spanish youth does not use of condoms correctly and consistently. University students are a particular population at high risk of the HIV infection, other STIs and unwanted pregnancies. The influence of psychological variables in using of condom is analyzed by gender and type of sexual relationship. A total of 256 females and 168 males were assessed (Mage= 20.62; SD = 2.16). A regression logistic analysis showed that sexual sensation seeking appears as an explanatory variable of inconsistently condom use in both females and males in vaginal intercourse, steady relationship intercourse and sex under the alcohol and other drugs effects (adjusted odds ratio between 1.095 and 1.124). Moreover, self-esteem appears as a risk factor and extraversion as a protective factor of use of condom in females. On the other hand, neuroticism reveals itself as a protective factor and fear of negative evaluation as a risk factor of use of condom in males. It is necessary to know the psychological mechanisms that underlie sexual risk behaviors for adapting interventions to individual and contextual characteristics.

A Lolium multiflorum Lam. biotype resistant to diclofop-methyl was found in a Triticum aestivum field in France (Normandy) that had been treated for several years with diclofop-methyl. Based on plant survival evaluated 21 d after herbicide application, the biotype exhibited a high level of resistance to diclofop-methyl and moderate resistance to CGA-184927-propargil and PP-604. The resistant biotype exhibited a small increase in tolerance to haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-ethyl, sethoxydim, and BAS-517-H, but was controlled by recommended field rates for these herbicides. The mechanism of resistance was investigated for diclofop-methyl. There was little or no difference in diclofop-methyl absorption by leaves of resistant and susceptible biotypes measured 48 h after treatment. For both biotypes, less than 1% of absorbed radiolabel was translocated during 48 h following foliar application of 14C-diclofop-methyl. Metabolism of diclofop-methyl was not significantly altered in the resistant biotype. In both biotypes, diclofop-methyl was rapidly metabolized to diclofop acid followed by a slow rate of formation of a polar conjugate. Two multifunctional acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase isoforms (ACCase I and ACCase II) were isolated from leaf tissue of resistant and susceptible biotypes. Both isoforms exhibited a subunit molecular mass of 203 kDa. For both resistant and susceptible biotypes, ACCase I constituted approximately 80% of total ACCase activity. Graminicide concentrations required to inhibit ACCase activity by 50% (I50 values) were determined for both ACCase isoforms from resistant and susceptible biotypes. The ACCase II isoform was highly resistant to graminicides in both biotypes. In contrast, the I50 value for diclofop inhibition of ACCase I was 19-fold greater for the enzyme isolated from the resistant biotype compared with the susceptible biotype. It is concluded that diclofop resistance in the L. multiflorum biotype from Normandy is caused by the presence of a resistant form of the ACCase I isoform.

Hidden hunger occurs in the presence of an otherwise nutritionally or energetically appropriate diet that is deficient in essential vitamins and minerals. Guatemala has the highest rate of child malnutrition in Latin America and the prevalence of hidden hunger is high. The aim of this study was to determine the Mn, Se and Cr dietary intakes in Guatemalan institutionalised children (4–14 years), a population group at high risk of mineral deficiency. For this purpose, the contents of Mn, Se and Cr were analysed in a duplicate diet (for 7 consecutive days) by electrothermal atomisation-atomic absorption spectrophotometry following acid digestion. Mn, Se and Cr intakes from the duplicate diets were in the range of 1·3–2·31 mg/d, 58·7–69·6 µg/d and 6·32–27·57 µg/d, respectively. Mn and Cr values were below current recommended daily intakes. A cereal- and legumes-based diet is habitually consumed by this population. Local vegetables, fruits and nutritional supplements are included daily, but the consumption of fish, meat, eggs and dairy products is very infrequent or negligible. Mean daily energy intake from the 7-d diet was 8418·2 kJ (2012 kcal), with a macronutrient energy distribution of carbohydrates 69·4 %, proteins 12·3 % and fats 18·3 %. Correlations between Mn, Se and Cr intakes and energy and other nutrient intakes were also evaluated. The present findings will help establish new nutritional strategies for this and similar population groups.

Two games are inseparable by semivalues if both gamesobtain the same allocation whatever semivalue is considered. The problem ofseparability by semivalues reduces to separability from the nullgame. For four or more players, the vector subspace of gamesinseparable from the null game by semivalues contains gamesdifferent to zero-game. Now, for five or more players, theconsideration of a priori coalition blocks in the player set allowsus to reduce in a significant way the dimension of the vectorsubspace of games inseparable from the null game. For thesesubspaces we provide basis formed by games of a particular type.