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Presents Wagner as a serious philosopher and offers a fresh perspective on the Ring and its unique fusion of myth, human drama, and philosophical insight.
Few figures of the nineteenth century were more influential than Richard Wagner, and few works of art have the scope and historical significance of The Ring of the Nibelung. Wagner himself said that it expressed his entire philosophy of life. Yet little attention has been paid to him as a philosopher, aesthetic theories aside. Instead, the Ring has been viewed in the light of Schopenhauer, Feuerbach, or even Hegel. Wagner's own ideas do not deserve this neglect, and this book addresses that omission. It starts with the more widely read philosophers of his day, such as Fichte; in their context Wagner's often fragmentary thoughts reveal a coherent "materialist idealism" that constitutes a late but significant contribution to Classical German philosophy. His acute social and psychological insights are still relevant, and so is the philosophical history that he saw prefigured in Greek tragedy.
Wagner's philosophy also illuminates the structure of the Ring and offers fresh insights into the characters and conflicts of that endlessly interpretable work. Approachable and engagingly written, balancing narrative, philosophical analysis, and a detailed consideration of the Ring's four music dramas, The Philosopher's Ring shows the cycle to be a work of unparalleled philosophical depth, one reason that it continues to challenge audiences even now, a century and a half after its premiere.
The first integrated overview in English of Latin American crime fiction, a flourishing genre with unique perspectives and characteristics.
Latin American crime fiction has a long and rich history, and this volume offers the first integrated overview in English of a flourishing tradition with unique perspectives and characteristics. Featuring contributions from leading scholars of a multifarious genre often shortened to neopolicíaco or neopolicial, this Companion explores noir literature in Latin America. The first part looks at the history of the novela negra and its manifestations in Mexico, Argentina, Cuba and Brazil. The second part examines patterns and trends including literary crime fiction, the narconovela, a concern for increasing racial and sexual diversity and the phenomenon of true crime. In the third part, expert analyses are given of four leading authors and their work: Paco Ignacio Taibo II, Leonardo Padura Fuentes, Claudia Piñeiro and Rubem Fonseca. The book closes with a chapter on screen adaptations of crime fiction for film and television. Overall, the Companion provides a clear and authoritative account of Latin American crime fiction, showcasing its variety, fluidity and adaptability.
This Element examines the political, architectural, and social transformations of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Selim III (1789–1807), foregrounding the central role of imperial women in shaping reform. While Selim's military and administrative initiatives reconfigured Istanbul's urban fabric, his mother, sisters, and female relatives actively advanced these efforts through architectural patronage, diplomacy, and gift exchange. Drawing on archival sources, visual materials, and microhistorical analysis, the Element reconstructs the dynamic networks sustained by these women and their stewards. It challenges assumptions of female invisibility, demonstrating instead their strategic visibility, economic agency, and integral participation in imperial governance and cross-cultural exchange.
This is the first comprehensive modern account of the history of the Isle of Man, through the years between the establishment of the Stanley lordship early in the fifteenth century and the Revestment of 1830.
Focusing on political and constitutional aspects, the book traces developments through the successive lordships of the Stanley Earls of Derby, Thomas Fairfax and the Dukes of Atholl and highlights the evolution of the Isle of Man's distinctive constitution. It includes coverage of the succession dispute within the Stanley family in the period 1594 to 1610 between the sixth Earl of Derby and the widowed countess of his elder brother, the fifth Earl, who had died with daughters but no son. It also covers the troubled civil war period when the seventh Earl of Derby raised troops to fight for the king despite the pro-Parliamentarian sympathies of the bulk of the population and the extensive smuggling activities of the population in the eighteenth century which prompted the British crown to reassert its rule. Throughout the book emphasises the distinctiveness of the Manx experience, connected to, but different from the history of England, Scotland and Ireland.
Henry Sharpe's journals are an early-Victorian treasure-trove, rich with observations about the great political and social concerns of the time, as well as the ups and downs of family life and raising children.
Henry Sharpe's journals are an early-Victorian treasure-trove. This remarkable document is rich with observations about the great political and social concerns of the time, with an extraordinary range of ideas and depth of discussion on literary, artistic and philosophical matters. He reveals detail about historic events not mentioned elsewhere, expanding our knowledge of Hampstead and of wider London history.
Sharpe's great passion was for education. He spent much of his spare time teaching in local schools and setting up Reading Rooms and evening classes for working men. His accounts of the ups and downs of family life and raising children are both touching and amusing, putting Victorian fatherhood into a new light. His trenchant views, especially on political and religious matters, are often startling, contradicting the usual stereotype of the Victorian middle classes.
The culmination of years of teaching experience, this book provides a modern introduction to the mathematical theory of interacting particle systems. Assuming a background in probability and measure theory, it has been designed to support a one-semester course at a Master or Ph.D. level. It also provides a useful reference for researchers, containing several results that have not appeared in print in this form before. An emphasis is placed on graphical representations, which are used to give a construction that is intuitively easier to grasp than the traditional generator approach. Also included is an extensive look at duality theory, along with discussions of mean-field methods, phase transitions and critical behaviour. The text is illustrated with the results of numerical simulations and features exercises in every chapter. The theory is demonstrated on a range of models, reflecting the modern state of the subject and highlighting the scope of possible applications.
Examines an important novelistic genre of the early German Democratic Republic for what it tells us about the country's aspirations to remake labor affectively and thus to build a socialist society.
In a series of socialist realist novels written in the early 1950s, East German authors sought to capture "the new feeling of work" under socialism, to portray the collective enthusiasm of building a new world out of the ruins of fascism and war. In the GDR, this construction literature received an ambiguous reception even at the time; in the West it was dismissed as propaganda; and it is now largely forgotten. Why revisit it now? Drawing on the theorization of living labor elaborated in Oskar Negt and Alexander Kluge's work, particularly their monumental treatise History and Obstinacy, and on contemporary Marxist feminist accounts of social reproduction theory, this book argues that East German construction literature provides us with a set of case studies in the social reorganization of work and the emotions and infrastructures that attend to it, even as these novels attempt to contain these transformations through socialist realist aesthetic strategies. The much-bemoaned awkwardness of these novels, then, is perhaps not only to be found in their didacticism but in the limits of that didacticism, where they seek both to portray and to disavow the transformation of work and the working class in the GDR. This book confronts the question: what was socialist affective labor and what could it have been?
A lavishly illustrated study of the Welles-Ros Bible, exploring its provenance, ownership, design and production.
At some point between c.1366 and 1373, the noblewoman Maud de Ros, widow of the Lincolnshire baron John de Welles, commissioned what is now the earliest surviving entire translated Bible from England. The Welles-Ros Bible contains the most complete edition of the Anglo-Norman Bible - a close, often literal translation of the Vulgate into insular French - as well as 82 narrative, highly personalized illustrations.
As this first long-form study of the manuscript argues, Maud commissioned the Bible to serve as a mirror, guide, family archive, dynastic chronicle, and source of spiritual instruction and consolation for her youthful son, John, 5th Baron Welles (1352-1421). Moreover, Maud played a key role in the production of the text edition and the design of many of the images. This book analyzes the manuscript, its text, and its vivid illuminations in the context of rich traditions of medieval biblical translation, production, and illustration, offering fresh insights into the roles of images in shaping and mediating scripture and religious experience. Adding to our understandings of life among the lower nobility in later fourteenth-century England, this cultural history of a major artefact also expands our picture of the cultural patronage and creative agency of laywomen, as well as medieval strategies of memorialization, responses to the Plague, and ideas about gender, identity, sexuality and the emotions.
Provides the English-speaking reader with a comprehensive guide to the fiction of Alfred Döblin, a major figure in German and European literary modernism.
Alfred Döblin was born into a Jewish family in 1878 and grew to become a leading German literary figure before he had to flee from the Nazis in 1933. His big-city novel Berlin Alexanderplatz (1929) is often compared to Joyce's Ulysses, but Döblin had been exploring modern narrative techniques since the early 1900s, and his themes were entirely his own. In view of the highly diverse character of his fictions and their settings-ranging from Europe to China and South America, and from the sixteenth century to the twenty-seventh-the first four chapters of this book present them according to broad thematic concerns-Person, Power, Nature and Culture-rather than chronological sequence. The aim is to encourage readers to identify aspects of his writing that they would like to investigate further for themselves.
The introduction provides initial orientation in Döblin's early thinking and the way he conceived the writer's task, and that is followed by a concise description of his family background and his subsequent personal biography. The final two chapters focus respectively on the development of his skill in the deployment of specific narrative techniques and on how historical circumstances affected his philosophical and religious orientation in the course of his adult life, from the language skepticism of his early years and his professed agnosticism in the 1920s to his late conversion to Catholicism.
Places the central intellectual and religious debates of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century England in a refreshing transnational perspective.
Between 1650 and 1750 the intellectual and religious landscape of England underwent profound transformations, shaped by an unprecedented engagement with Dutch and French books and ideas. Works by Descartes, Grotius, Spinoza, Bayle and others introduced new modes of thought, prompting English thinkers to reimagine the relationship between scripture, reason, ethics and scholarship. These texts, circulating in Latin, French and English, challenged traditional authority and invited scholars to reconcile Christianity with history, philosophy and the emerging natural sciences.
Marco Barducci presents a detailed exploration of how these imported ideas catalysed key conceptual shifts. This book shows how scripture was read as a cultural artifact; metaphysics was disentangled from natural philosophy; the church's role was reframed to prioritize social cohesion; and human agency was increasingly viewed through a worldly lens. By viewing these changes as part of a transnational framework of writers, the book highlights how intellectual exchanges between England and the Continent shaped English responses to crises of faith, scholarship, and epistemology.
Combining intellectual and book history, this study not only reframes the notion of an "English Enlightenment" but also interrogates broader questions of secularization and modernity. It offers fresh insights into the interplay of ideas, books, and society, while examining how England adapted-and transformed - Continental thought.
This Element centers the architectural and material worlds created by Ottoman imperial women, foregrounding their decisive role in shaping Istanbul at the end of the eighteenth century. Focusing on Mihrişah Valide Sultan and the sultan's sisters and female relatives, it examines how their patronage transformed the imperial harem at Topkapı Palace and extended into a network of waterfront mansions, charitable complexes, and suburban estates. Drawing on poetic inscriptions, archival correspondence, and visual sources, the study reconstructs the collaborative processes linking these women to stewards, builders, and artisans. It argues that their domestic and architectural interventions constituted powerful expressions of authority, visibility, and political agency within the empire.
The seventeenth volume in the Scottish History Society's Miscellany series, showcasing editions of unpublished short texts.
Volume XVII of the Scottish History Society's Miscellany includes editions of nine unpublished short texts dating from the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries. These include a rich range of legal, economic, and intellectual documents ranging from an "Essay on Resistance to Magistrates" (c.1637-38), to a poem on the appointment of a judge at Melrose in 1682, to new material on the (in)famous physician and philosopher Archibald Pitcairne. This volume continues the Society's programme of making previously unpublished and unedited primary sources for Scotland's history available in scholarly and accessible forms.
The mathematical method and the nature of mathematical knowledge were subjects of intense philosophical discussion in the 17th and 18th centuries. In particular, there was a debate over whether metaphysical truths admit of distinct proof as geometrical truths do, and whether they may be known with the same degree of certainty. This comparison between geometry and philosophy required a proper understanding of how Euclidean demonstration secured certainty. This element examines attempts by Descartes, Locke, Leibniz, Wolff, Lambert, Mendelssohn and Kant to address this question. The emphasis is on metaphysical and epistemological questions about geometrical demonstration in the 17th- and 18th-centuries.
This annotated diary describes the politics, cultural richness and practicalities of elite educational travel in England during the early reign of Charles II.
Prince George of Denmark is best known to Anglophone historiography for having married Queen Anne of Great Britain, in 1683. This critical edition of the diary detailing the Prince's Grand Tour in England, which took place in the summer of 1669, sheds light on the critical complexity of George's role within Stuart political history, a role that commenced during his youthful, incognito travels. The Grand Tour was an important rite of passage introducing young princes to the European political stage, and the ongoing political, ceremonial and multilingual exchanges characterising Baroque diplomacy.
From his base in York House, London, Prince George's itinerary ranged from Canterbury Cathedral, to the fleet at Chatham to Whitehall Palace, from Hampton Court to Windsor Castle, from the Tower of London to the Pall Mall laboratory of Robert Boyle, from the Tradescant Museum to the University of Oxford. The diary describes these experiences in astonishing detail.
This edition puts England on the map as a Grand Tour destination, and shows how the Restoration court acted as an important hub for a host of seventeenth-century European princelings undertaking all-important educational travel.
The edition is enhanced and contextualised by hitherto unpublished archival sources, including the Tour's financial accounts.
Ground breaking and comprehensive reference volume covering an extensive range of Purcell studies, including his life and works, his milieu and the reception of his music to the present.
In the 30 years since the Tercentenary of Purcell's death in 1995 research into him and the musical culture of Restoration England has developed rapidly. Even the most authoritative books published then are now seriously out of date, and no-one since then has attempted to cover the whole range of Purcell studies. The book is largely taken up with A-Z dictionary entries, preceded by an up-to-date biography and followed by a work-list and bibliography. The dictionary includes entries for many of Purcell's works; the genres he contributed to; the titles and terms he used; the instruments he wrote for; the most important manuscript and printed sources of his music; and some pressing performance practice issues.
Important threads are devoted to people associated with Purcell, including earlier composers who influenced him; his fellow composers; his pupils and followers; those who provided him with texts to set; his patrons and employers; the most important copyists, publishers and instrument makers associated with him; and those contemporaries who wrote about him. The book breaks new ground by giving particular emphasis to his performers, including the most prominent singers and dancers he worked with; and the individuals and institutions responsible for maintaining (or sometimes altering) his legacy up to the present.
This book argues that the impressive range of belongings that can be connected to Duchess Matilda Plantagenet—textiles, illuminated manuscripts, coins, chronicles, charters, and literary texts—allows us to perceive elite women’s performance of power, even when they are largely absent from the official documentary record. It is especially through the visual record of material culture that we can hear female voices, allowing us to forge an alternative way toward rethinking assumptions about power for sparsely-documented elite women. This book is available as Open Access.
What is human dignity? Kant's philosophy is a central inspiration for our contemporary conception that all human beings deserve respect– independently of their race, gender, religion, or social status. In this Element, I shall address four topics in Kant's moral philosophy: What specifically does one have to do (or refrain from doing) to respect a human being? What is the reason why one should respect human beings? What is dignity, that is, what does the term mean, and what kind of thing is it? Finally, in a short appendix, I shall address the questions: Do only human beings deserve respect; how could one extend it to nonhuman animals as well? In each section, I shall offer a range of different interpretations of how one can read Kant's texts, and I shall address their advantages and disadvantages. This gives readers the option to choose for themselves which reading is the most plausible interpretation of human dignity.
Lithium is the gold-standard treatment for bipolar disorder, yet its use is often restricted by the logistical burden of regular venous blood sampling and laboratory monitoring. Point-of-care testing (POCT) offers a potential alternative, but evidence regarding acceptability and analytical performance is limited.
Aims
To evaluate patient and clinician attitudes towards POCT for lithium monitoring and analytically validate a novel POCT device (Medimate Multireader) against a reference laboratory method.
Method
We combined patient and clinician surveys on attitudes towards lithium treatment and monitoring with an analytical evaluation of the Medimate Multireader, a novel POCT device. Survey data explored perceived barriers to lithium use and preferences for monitoring methods. Analytical validation assessed accuracy, bias, agreement and reproducibility compared with a reference laboratory method.
Results
Most patients and clinicians preferred POCT to conventional venous sampling. Many patients described venous monitoring as inconvenient and disruptive and indicated that they would be more willing to take lithium if home-based POCT were available. Clinicians identified the frequency and logistical demands of venous blood testing as the principal barrier to prescribing lithium. The Medimate Multireader demonstrated excellent analytical agreement with the reference method, with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 and mean bias and limits of agreement within the predefined ±0.2 mmol/L performance specification. The potential of the device for patient-operated home-based testing was viewed favourably by survey respondents.
Conclusions
POCT for lithium provides a feasible and analytically robust alternative to venous blood monitoring. By reducing the logistical burden of regular venous sampling, a key barrier to lithium use, POCT aligns with National Health Service priorities for digitally enabled community-based care and may support improved access, safety and adherence.
In the opening segment of Der Waldgänger (The Forest-Goer, 1846), one of his few stories that Stifter did not revise and reissue in book format, the autofictional narrator reminisces on his definitive departure from his Bohemian homeland. Somewhere near Kirchschlag in the foothills above Linz, “der Verfasser” or “der Wanderer” (the author/the wanderer), as Stifter alternately refers to himself in the third person, crosses a divide separating the Mühlkreis region from the Danube basin of Upper Austria. In the process, he surveys numerous natural features on either side of the ridgeline, including those pertaining to the geosphere (mountains, rolling hills, vales), the hydrosphere (rivers, streams, rivulets), the biosphere (forests, bushes, orchards), and the atmosphere (the meteorological differences between the overcast skies to the north and the sunny climes to the south). Whereas the distant dark-blue strip of the Bohemian Forest blends with the gray ceiling of clouds behind him, the sunlit river basin below seems to beckon toward a new and figuratively bright future. This pivotal point of his journey from Bohemia to Vienna, where he will spend the next twenty-two years of his life, significantly occurs upon a point of partition or Scheidepunkt in the physical landscape. Indeed, this eight-page section of the text (see HKG 3,1:95–102) is punctuated by a leitmotif-like complex of scheiden (to divide/separate) and its linguistic variants, all of which serve to underscore a variety of interconnections between Upper Austrian geography and Stifter's early autobiography. Thus, the wandering-narrating analogue of Stifter crosses a Scheidelinie (dividing line) but tarries at the abovementioned Scheidepunkt, reflecting on his recent separation or Scheiden from both his hometown of Oberplan and love interest Fanny Greipl, who resided in the nearby town of Friedberg and whose parents saw little if any professional promise in the likes of the young and dreamy “Bertl” Stifter.
Guy Gavriel Kay, a well-established Canadian fantasy writer, has accustomed his readers to a specific form of historical fantasy, which is grounded in history but uses the elements of the fantastic in order to detach the past from its particular settings and give it a more universal feel. The Fionavar Tapestry – his debut trilogy, which consists of The Summer Tree (1984), The Wandering Fire (1986), and The Darkest Road (1986) – is completely different, though. Epic in scale, the narrative relies on an extensive network of inspirations in its worldbuilding. Many of the elements are derived from medieval culture of both the early and high Middle Ages, most prominently the Arthurian legend. The novelist also borrows certain concepts from Eastern spirituality, and the trilogy encompasses the dualism of yin and yang, the necessity of harmony and balance, and the notion of reincarnation. Some aspects of Fionavar worldbuilding are also inspired by various world mythologies, including Norse, Celtic, and Greco-Roman myths. Taking into account Kay's engagement in editing J. R. R. Tolkien's The Silmarillion in the late 1970s, it is impossible not to notice Tolkienian inspirations either.