Individuals with schizophrenia experience high rates of metabolic syndrome and premature mortality, largely driven by antipsychotic-induced weight gain and sedentary behaviour. Aerobic exercise and dietary interventions can positively impact quality of life and physical health indices. This study examines perspectives on engagement in aerobic exercise and diet in a cohort of participants treated with clozapine.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 43 individuals attending a clozapine clinic at University hospital Galway. Participants’ perspectives regarding engagement in aerobic exercise and dietary modification were attained with chi-squared and regression analyses utilised to determine associations with functioning, symptomatology, and demographic data. Thematic analyses were utilised to assess qualitative data.

Twenty-nine individuals (67.4%) expressed a preference for engaging in additional exercise with brisk walking most favoured (n = 25, 58.1%) with patients stating a preference for home based or individualised interventions (i.e. walking) except for dancing. Participants who engaged in <2.5hours exercise per week were more willing to engage in a structured exercise programme (χ2 = 6.38, p = 0.04). Themes pertaining to engagement in exercise included importance of self-motivation (n = 8), benefits for health (n = 5), and environmental barriers to participation (n = 6) with themes pertaining to dietary change included willingness to change diet for health benefits (n = 21), and amotivation for change (n = 2).

Embedding tailored, exercise, and dietary programmes provided as part of patient’s routine mental health care would be welcomed by patients. Future studies evaluating potential benefits of exercise and diet interventions across functioning, physical and mental health parameters are suggested.

Conducting health systems assessments helps highlight weaknesses and strengths to be explored to improve care delivery. The Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC) considers the perspective of professionals who work in the care-providing institution. Its structure comprises seven dimensions that provide specific data about the care offered. Objectives: (1) evaluate the institutional capacity for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) management in the interior of the State of Amazonas from the perspective of health professionals; (2) verify the association between socio-educational, work and geographic location variables with the dimensions of the ACIC.

A cross-sectional study carried out between October 2020 and December 2022 in 36 Primary Health Units (PHUs) of the seven cities of the Amazonas, totaling 230 participants. Excel 2019 and R (4.2.1) were used for data analysis. The association between independent variables and ACIC dimensions was analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis.

The PHUs in the rural Amazonas have the basic capacity to care for patients with T2DM. Analysis of each dimension of the ACIC demonstrated that geographic location was the most relevant factor, showing an association with all instrument dimensions.

Socioeducational variables showed an association with the dimensions of Decision Support, Design of the Service Delivery System, Clinical Information System, and Integration of components of the Care Model for Chronic Conditions. Work-related variables, on the other hand, were associated with the dimensions of Organization of Health Care, Community Resources, Support for Self-Management and Integration of the components of the Chronic Conditions Care Model.

The spread of Candida auris (C. auris), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and various viruses in healthcare settings is of global concern. Far-UV-C222 reduces the concentration of microorganisms in laboratory settings and can be used directly in patient care rooms at doses safe for human eyes and skin. The effectiveness of UV-C222 inactivation of C. auris, MRSA and T1 bacteriophage (a viral surrogate) in a hospital setting was studied.

A partially blinded, cross-over study was conducted of two conditions: intervention, active UV and control, no UV. C. auris, MRSA and T1 bacteriophage were inoculated and dried onto stainless steel disc carriers at two soil levels, (0.03% BSA and 5.0% CBS), and placed at 24 locations in two unoccupied, two-bed patient rooms. UV-C222 luminaires were placed behind the head of each bed and one in the bathroom for both study rooms. Simultaneous 24-h exposures for both rooms were in random order. Pathogens were processed for cultures.

UV-C222 doses exposing the discs ranged from a low of 5 mJ/cm2 to high 637 mJ/cm2. Under treatment conditions, MRSA showed a 1.0 log reduction in 0.03% soil, C. auris showed a 2.6 log reduction in 0.03% soil and a 1.0 log reduction in 5.0% soil and T1 bacteriophage showed a 0.6 log reduction in 0.03% soil.

In patient rooms, continuous UV-C222 exposure showed decreased concentrations of C. auris (low and high soil), MRSA (low soil), and T1 (low soil). Studies are needed to determine benefits in occupied settings.

nvHAP (nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia) can affect all non-intubated patients, and semi-automated systems enable incidence surveillance. This feasibility study evaluated the performance and implementation of a semi-automated nvHAP surveillance in Swiss acute care hospitals.

Multicenter feasibility study

Seven Swiss acute care pilot hospitals representing different sizes and language regions

Inpatients of the participating hospitals.

Hospitals implemented an adaptable nvHAP selection algorithm including one to five indicators (radiology procedure, radiology report, leukocytes, body temperature, intubation). Five hospitals performed manual review on the preselected patients following standardized definitions. Performance characteristics of the algorithms (i.e., sensitivity and percentage records to manually review) and time investment to implement the semi-automated surveillance were evaluated. Barriers and facilitators for implementation were identified through interviews.

Hospitals implemented algorithms including one, two, four and five indicators. Sensitivity ranged from 98% to 100% in larger hospitals. Percentage of records to manually review ranged from 1% to 6% in hospitals that surveyed the total patient population and was 13% in one hospital that focused on two high-risk departments. Time for technical implementation varied from 55 to 437 hours. Mean time for manual review per preselected patient was 14 minutes and decreased with experience. Implementation facilitators included preprocessed data, team experience in similar projects, and external support.

Semi-automated nvHAP surveillance was feasible and sufficiently sensitive regardless of the algorithm. It required effort for setup and manual review. Algorithm adaptability enabled the implementation in hospitals with limited electronically available data or IT resources.

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is frequently used in the evaluation of recurrent and stereotypical events of transient neurological dysfunction (TND), which may be clinically similar to epileptic seizures.

To assess whether the EEG findings prompted a change of diagnosis or treatment of TND.

A retrospective review of the inpatient computerized medical information management system and the EEG laboratory computerized database for adult inpatients who had a standard or sleep-deprived EEG following TND during a 3-year period (2019–2021).

One hundred forty-five patients with TND, aged 63.4 ± 17.2 (range: 18–97), had a standard (135) (93.1%) or a sleep-deprived (10) (6.9%) EEG. Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) were recorded in six (4.1%) patients. Antiseizure medications (ASMs) were initiated in 17 (11.7%) patients, and 10 (6.9%) had a discharge diagnosis of epilepsy. Patients with IEDs on the EEG were more likely to be diagnosed with epilepsy (p = 0.025) and to initiate ASM treatment (p = 0.011). The EEG led to a diagnosis change in one (0.7%) patient and to ASM initiation in three (2.1%) patients.

The diagnostic yield of EEG and its impact on diagnosis and treatment in patients with recurrent stereotypical events of TND were low. Further research is warranted on the effect of structured history on the use of inpatient EEG and its diagnostic yield in patients with TND.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mother–child double burden of malnutrition (DBM) based on anthropometric indices and its associated factors in Burkina Faso.

This cross-sectional study used nationally representative data from the 2021 Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Survey (BFDHS-V). DBM was defined as follows: overweight mother with stunted child (OM/SC); overweight mother with wasted child (OM/WC); overweight mother with underweight child (OM/UC); overweight mother with stunted or wasted or underweight child (OM/SC-WC-UC). Generalised linear model of regression using R programming was performed to identify factors associated with DBM.

Burkina Faso

5286 mother–child dyads living in the same household.

The prevalence of DBM in mother–child dyads was 4·9 % for OM/SC-WC-UC. Urban residence was inversely associated with 3 forms of dyads DBM. OM/SC-WC-UC: aOR = 0·60, 95 % CI (0·37, 0·96), OM/WC: aOR = 0·23, 95 % CI (0·11, 0·45), and OM/UC: aOR = 0·51, 95 % CI (0·29, 0·89). Higher child birth order was associated with increased odds of OM/WC: aOR = 3·82, 95 % CI (1·21, 12·10) and OM/UC: aOR = 4·75, 95 % CI (1·65–13·62). Older maternal age was associated with OM/SC: aOR = 3·17, 95 % CI (1·44, 7·00) and belonging to a wealthier household was associated with OM/SC-WC-UC: aOR = 3·43, 95 % CI (1·61, 7·30).

The finding suggests that household-level DBM is an emerging problem in Burkina Faso. The most prevalent form of DBM includes an overweight mother with a stunted child, and common associated factors include urban residence and high socio-economic status. Urgent strategies and actions need to be put in place in order to avert this trend.

Mass casualty incidents (MCI) are a challenge for prehospital response. The global response may include primary health care teams (PHCT), even more in remote and rural areas. As training in MCI response is complex, it is essential to simplify it when focused in PHCT as it is a low frequency phenomenon in their context. Our objective is to measure self-perception and the impact of a brief training experience using a mass casualty incident tabletop game with primary care doctors and nurses.

Descriptive study of the impact of a training intervention on 27 primary care physicians and nurses in the Principality of Asturias. A 2-h training experience was carried out using a tabletop game. Self-perception was measured using a Likert’s scale on methodology, knowledge and skills, as well as a multiple-choice knowledge test after two months. Strengths and weaknesses of the methodology were also identified using open-ended questions, as well as attitudes towards incidents with mass casualty incidents.

85% of participants improved their level of knowledge without providing them study material. Self-perception measured 27 items in 3 dimensions: methodology (Median = 9; interquartile range (IQR) = 2), knowledge (Median = 10; IQR = 1), and skills (Median = 9; IQR = 1). All items except one had a median greater than or equal to 9.

Gamification using the MassCas tabletop game for mass casualty incidents is perceived by primary care doctors and nurses as a useful tool in their training for mass casualty incidents, as well as for acquiring specific knowledge and skills in this area.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is associated with suicidal behaviour. Suicidal behaviour may also be raised among those who perpetrate IPV compared to those who do not; general population-based evidence is, however, lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations between using violence against an intimate partner with suicidal thoughts, suicide attempt and non-suicidal self-harm in the past year.

We analysed data from the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Logistic regressions estimated associations between IPV perpetration and suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. Associations were estimated for men and women separately, and we explored interaction in estimates by IPV victimization.

After adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic covariates, lifetime IPV perpetration was strongly associated with past-year suicide attempt (men: odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval 1.0–13.2, women: OR 4.2, 1.9–9.4), suicidal ideation (men: OR 2.7, 1.5–4.9, women: OR 2.6, 1.7–4.1) and self-harm (men: OR 4.9, 1.5–15.2, women: OR 3.3, 1.8–6.0). Estimates were substantially attenuated with adjustment for non-IPV life adversities, hazardous alcohol use, drug use and IPV victimization. Only the association with lifetime suicide attempt in women remained significant (OR 1.6, 1.1–2.3). Estimates were generally higher among those who had not experienced IPV victimization, although we found no evidence for interaction by IPV victimization on the association between IPV perpetration and suicidal behaviour.

There were greater odds of suicidality and self-harm among self-reported perpetrators of IPV compared to the general population. Many of these associations were accounted for by non-IPV life adversities, IPV victimization and substance use. Improving the identification and management of IPV perpetration, and developing targeted safety planning and interventions for this group could reduce suicide for perpetrators and victims of IPV.