There is evidence that the two most common subtypes of functional neurological disorder, functional seizures (FSs) and functional motor symptoms (FMDs), have differences between them beyond symptom type, creating debate as to whether they may best be considered distinct disorders. However, most research has studied FS or FMD separately, and the few studies that have directly compared them have been relatively small. We used the large TriNetX electronic health database to see whether the differences previously identified would be confirmed in a larger sample of both subtypes.

All cases of FMD without FS were compared with cases of FS without FMD, extracted from the TriNetX electronic health records database. Previously identified between-group differences in demographics, comorbidity, and antecedents were compared between groups.

Over 120,000 cases of FMD and FS were extracted. They confirmed that people with FS were significantly younger and had a younger onset than those with FMD, were more likely to be Black and less likely to be Asian, and had higher rates of all comorbid mental health diagnoses, other than somatoform diagnoses, which were more common in FMD. The onset of FS was more commonly preceded by psychological injury, as measured by preceding depression or stress reactions.

The differences between FMD and FS previously identified in small studies were confirmed in this much larger dataset. They provide indirect support for differences in etiology and mechanism, which may in turn support a nosological distinction between FMD and FS.

To model the potential value-for-money of implementing proposed unhealthy food advertising restrictions on Western Australian (WA) transport-owned assets to prevent obesity-related diseases.

A cost-benefit analysis using a societal perspective was undertaken to model the policy intervention over a 30-year time horizon. The effectiveness of the intervention was based on a similar policy implemented in the United Kingdom by Transport for London, adapted to the WA context. The ACE-Obesity Policy model, a validated multi-state lifetable Markov model, was used to assess the expected health (quantified as health-adjusted life years (HALY)) and economic outcomes of the intervention’s impact on unhealthy food consumption. The potential cost of policy development and monitoring and revenue impacts on government and industry (outdoor advertising companies) were included in the modelled analysis.

Western Australia.

Greater Perth population.

The cost of implementing the policy was estimated at A$28 million (95% UI [Uncertainty Intervals]: $23-$35), 71% borne by government and the remaining by outdoor advertisers. A mean population weight reduction of 0.58kg (95%UI: 0.28-0.90) was estimated, which translated to 5,906 HALYs gained (95%UI: 2,750-9,084) with a monetary value of A$1,374 million (95%UI: $642-$2,112). Eight percent of the monetised benefits were attributed to healthcare cost savings, while 92% were associated with monetised health gains. The intervention was estimated to generate a net-present value of $1,346 million (95%UI: $614-$2,082) and benefit-cost ratio of 50 (95%UI: 23-81).

Policy to restrict advertising of unhealthy foods on WA transport owned assets is likely to represent excellent value-for-money.

Psychedelic therapies are gaining attention as a novel therapy for existential distress in cancer patients. However, such treatments are often stigmatized and the views of support networks are unknown. Caregivers play an essential role in supporting the wellbeing and decision-making of people with cancer. In the context of a trial investigating psychedelic therapy for cancer patients, understanding the experience of the caregiver is important.

The objectives of this research were to investigate the hopes, beliefs, perceptions, and experience of caregivers for advanced cancer patients undergoing a trial investigating a psychedelic-assisted therapy.

Semi-structured interviews asked 15 caregivers about their experience at baseline and 1 month after their close associate had completed treatment in a feasibility trial where participants were randomized to receive either lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) microdoses or placebo alongside meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP). Blinded to condition, reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze interview transcripts.

This study demonstrates the importance of bidirectional influences between caregiver and patient; the experience of one influences the experience of both. Caregivers were generally supportive of their close associate participating in a psychedelic-assisted trial, although some admitted hesitancy in them taking part. Caregivers described a desire to make the most of now, referring to the role of LSD microdose-assisted MCP as a means of accessing hope, improving the dyad relationship, and reducing existential distress.

Participation in trials investigating psychedelic-assisted MCP may offer hope for patients and their caregivers. Given the bidirectional relationship in wellbeing between cancer dyads, caregivers should be included alongside patients in such trials.

This study aims to identify the factors affecting the development of complications and to present the necessary data to the literature in order to reduce the frequency of complications as a result of some measures that can be taken against them.

This retrospective study included 609 patients between the ages of 0 and 18 who underwent cardiac catheterisation between 2012 and 2020 by our Department of Paediatric Cardiology. The patient’s demographic data, cardiac catheterisation-related data, laboratory results, and all data in the post-procedure records are scanned and evaluated.

Of the patients aged between 0 and 216 months (mean 67.1 ± 55.8 months), 371 were female (60.9%). Interventional catheterisation was performed in 419 (68.4%) of the patients, and diagnostic catheterisation was performed in 193 (31.6%). Complications were detected in 39 patients (6.4%). The most frequent complications were vascular complications in 16 patients (41%), bleeding in 5 patients (12.8%), anaemia in 4 patients (10.3%), and arrhythmia in 3 patients (7.7%). Mortality occurred in 2 patients (0.3%). Risk factors for the development of complications were determined as <10 kg (p = 0.001) and <1 year of age (p = 0.002).

The most common complications were vascular complications, followed by bleeding and anaemia. Low body weight (<10 kg) and being under 12 months of age are risk factors for the development of complications. Considering that most studies only include certain age groups or certain types of procedures, our study will make a significant contribution to the literature as it includes a larger scale and different types of procedures.