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How can science explain ghost sightings, psychic readings, or the feeling of presence in an empty room? This book explores eerie, unexplained experiences through the lens of neuroscience and psychology. With chapters on sleep paralysis, alien abductions, false memories, psychic readings, mystical experiences, and even zombies, it invites readers to examine how the brain generates strange sensations - and why we often interpret them as supernatural. Designed to spark curiosity and sharpen critical thinking, this book blends scientific insight with storytelling. It is perfect for students, educators, and curious readers alike. Whether you're a skeptic, a believer, or somewhere in between, you'll come away with a deeper understanding of how our brains shape belief.
What becomes of young people who display strong psychopathy traits? By combining cutting-edge research with interviews from over 500 incarcerated youth assessed for psychopathy and involved in serious, violent offenses, this book investigates whether they are destined to persist in crime throughout their lives. Evan McCuish explores not only long-term offending patterns but also psychopathy's influence on relationships, employment, substance use, and mortality. Through this, the text clarifies the meaning of the clinical construct of psychopathy and debunks myths and misconceptions popularised by the true crime genre. This allows readers to more reliably interpret the accuracy of popular culture descriptions of psychopathy. Synthesising over 100 years of research, this book defines psychopathy and contributes new knowledge to the field. It is ideal for students, scholars, and practitioners in psychology, criminology, social work, and law seeking further insight into this intriguing disorder.
Brain imaging is the foundation of cognitive neuroscience research and increasingly important for many domains in the behavioral sciences. This book provides a complete introduction to brain imaging for students, using non-technical and accessible language. Each chapter presents a specific brain imaging modality within its scientific context, addressing practical implementation, experimental design considerations, and analytical approaches. All the most commonly used techniques are covered, including fMRI, EEG, MEG, PET, TMS, FNIRS, and ECoG. By examining the latest tools in the field today, readers will develop critical skills for selecting appropriate techniques to address specific research questions in their own work. The authors draw upon their substantial experience as both researchers and educators in brain imaging and neuroscience to turn technical complexities into approachable concepts. This book provides an essential foundation for newcomers to brain imaging while offering valuable methodological insights for more advanced students.
With the field of personal relationships continuing to see significant growth over the past quarter century, The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships stands as a crucial benchmark of the current state of scholarship. This third edition presents new chapters addressing significant changes in techniques for studying relationships and examining recent emphases on technology and diverse relationships while also featuring a fresh analysis of current research foci and applications. By synthesizing theoretical and empirical literature, the work not only traces the discipline's historical roots but recommends future directions, marking an important step forward in improving research and theory on personal relationships. Featuring contributions from internationally known experts who have significantly enhanced relationship research in multiple fields including psychology, communication, family studies, and sociology, it is an essential resource for researchers, graduate students, and practitioners alike.
This book offers a fresh examination of the significance of metaphorical thinking in comprehending human bodies and actions. It delves into numerous examples illustrating metaphor's role in conceptualizing body parts, illnesses, and various mundane and artistic bodily performances, fostering a deeper appreciation for metaphor's impact on human life. One key objective is to challenge the implicit dualism prevalent in much metaphor research, where the body is often considered in nonmetaphorical terms, with metaphors arising solely from cross-domain mappings involving abstract concepts. The book exposes the flaws in this traditional perspective, emphasizing the intrinsic connection between metaphor and understanding our bodies. Recognizing this connection is essential for grasping the extensive influence of metaphor across all realms of human cognition and behavior. Additionally, this book underscores cultural variations in how we conceptualize our bodies through metaphorical frameworks, enriching our understanding of diverse perspectives on bodily experiences.
This book showcases the current state of the art of research on rhythm in speech and language. Decades of study have revealed that bodily rhythms are crucial for producing and understanding speech and language, and for understanding their evolution and variability across populations-not only adults, but also developmental and clinical populations. It is also clear that there is perplexing dimensionality and variability of rhythm within and across languages. This book offers the scientific foundation for harmonizing physiological universality and cultural diversity, fostering collaborative breakthroughs across research domains. Its fifty chapters cover physiology, cognition, and culture, presenting knowledge from neuroscience, cognitive science, psychology, phonetics, and communication research. Ideal for academics, researchers, and professionals seeking interdisciplinary insights into the essence of human communication. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
The mathematical essence of contextuality lies in the similarity of random variables answering the same question in different contexts: contextuality means they are less similar when considered within their respective contexts than when isolated from them. This book presents a principled way of measuring this similarity and distinguishing two forms of context-dependence: contextuality and disturbance. While applicable across a broad range of disciplines, the concept of contextuality in this book is closest to that in quantum physics, where its special forms –in the absence of disturbance – are known as Bell nonlocality and Kochen–Specker contextuality. This systematic introduction requires no prior familiarity with the subject and a very modest mathematical background. Structured as a textbook, complete with exercises and solutions, it is accessible to a broad readership and suitable for teaching. It will be useful to researchers and students in quantum mechanics, philosophy of science, psychology, computer science, linguistics, and probability theory.
Everyone has experienced loneliness – perhaps briefly – perhaps for many years. This handbook explores why people of all ages can become lonely, and features steps that can be taken by individuals, communities, and entire societies to prevent and alleviate loneliness. Chapters present rigorous scientific research drawn from psychology, relationship science, neuroscience, physiology, sociology, public health, and gerontology to demystify the phenomenon of loneliness and its consequences. The volume investigates the significant risks that loneliness poses to health and the harmful physiological processes it can set in motion. It also details numerous therapeutic approaches to help people overcome loneliness from multiple perspectives, including traditional and cognitive psychotherapy, efforts to connect individuals to their communities, and designing communities and public policies to create a greater sense of social connection. Using accessible terminology understandable to a non-medical audience, it is an important work for social science scholars, students, policymakers, and practitioners.
In Seeing Matters, Sarah Awad offers a psychological exploration of how images shape our actions, perceptions, and identities. She examines how we use images to symbolically and materially influence the world, others, and ourselves, while also revealing how the images around us shape our thoughts, emotions, and memories. Awad investigates the social and political dynamics of visual culture, questioning who is seen, how they are portrayed, and why these representations matter. By using clear language and real-world examples, she makes complex theories accessible to readers, offering diverse methodological approaches for analyzing a wide range of image genres – such as graffiti, digital memes, photojournalism, and caricatures. This comprehensive analysis addresses the politics of visual representation, making the book an essential guide for researchers across disciplines, while providing valuable insights into how images impact society and our everyday lives.
A manual for those working with addicted populations (from lay counsellors to psychiatrists) for delivering the evidence-based Recovery Resilience Program (RRP). RRP is a person-centered, strength and resiliency-based relapse prevention and recovery-oriented intervention that works in synergy with other models, especially 12-Step programs. Presenting practices that enhance 'recovery resilience' – an individual's capacity to effectively apply coping and self-regulation skills in dealing with cravings, triggers, stress, and high-risk situations without reverting to substance use. The program helps individuals to enhance and use their recovery capital at any stage of recovery, and ultimately reach recovery and life goals. It effortlessly integrates with other evidence-based relapse programs, from the original cognitive-behavioral approaches to the newer mindfulness-based and metacognitive approaches. Written by clinicians who have worked with addicts and their families for many decades, the program is easy-to-implement and very little preparation is necessary with handouts and PowerPoints included in each session.
Retailing is one of the world's largest industries, yet few books cover the core knowledge needed for students studying the topic or people working in the industry. This rigorous retail marketing guide blends theory with real-world applications, helping students uncover the secrets behind successful retailing, as well as the psychology motivating customers to behave the way they do. This thoroughly revised edition is structured into four parts, covering the fundamentals of retailing, consumer perception and decision-making, store atmospherics and layouts, and digitalisation. Learning outcomes, case studies, key takeaways, study questions and exercises are included in each chapter, making it an ideal resource for Retail Marketing and Retail Management courses. Teaching PowerPoint slides and sample course syllabi are available as supplementary materials to support instructors.
Elements of Structural Equation Models (SEMs) blends theoretical foundations with practical applications, serving as both a learning tool and a lasting reference. Synthesizing material from diverse sources, including the author's own contributions, it provides a rigorous yet accessible guide for graduate students, faculty, and researchers across social, behavioral, health, and data sciences. The book covers essential SEM concepts – model assumptions, identification, estimation, and diagnostics – while also addressing advanced topics often overlooked, such as Bayesian SEMs, model-implied instrumental variables, and categorical variables. Readers will gain insights into missing data, longitudinal models, and comparisons with Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). By presenting complex technical content in a clear, structured way, this authoritative resource deepens readers' understanding of SEMs, making it an indispensable guide for both newcomers and experts seeking a definitive treatment of the field.
This book offers a roadmap to applying anti-oppressive theories, frameworks, and concepts to clinical social work supervision and leadership practice. It introduces anti-oppressive practice, Critical Race Theory, empowerment practice, transgender and critical gender studies, DEI/DEIPAR, critical Black studies, queer studies, and intersectionality, alongside other concepts. Offering practical guidance, reference, skill-building, and critical self-reflection tools, it is ideal for courses in social work supervision, leadership, diversity, and community practice as well as self-reference for practitioners. Structured to be easily referenced and adapted, this work also incorporates skill-building and reflection activities to promote interaction across a variety of learning contexts.
This handbook introduces Human Nature and Conduct, John Dewey's groundbreaking book about moral psychology and moral philosophy, to a new generation. In his classic work, Dewey redefined impulse, habit, and intelligence: not as isolated individual traits, but as socially conditioned factors shaping human thought and action. His ultimate insight is that growth is the only moral good, and that morality is, at its core, a matter of education. Featuring contributions by leading international scholars, this volume presents expert insights into Dewey's unique psychological framework and its far-reaching impact on moral philosophy and education. The book also tackles contemporary moral dilemmas, from environmental protection and healthcare rationing to sexual liberation and religious transformation, demonstrating how Dewey's thought remains as vital today as ever.
This Element adopts a holistic approach to the processing of colours in language and literature, weaving together insights from cognitive linguistics, psychology, and literary studies. Through diverse case studies, it underpins the symbolic power of colours in evoking characters' emotional states, moral traits, and cultural perceptions (Section 2). Section 3 explores how colour metaphors such as discomfort is brown influence readers' cognitive and emotional responses, drawing on psychology research on colour-emotion association. Section 4 examines how the lexeme colourless functions as its own oxymoron and is used figuratively through the metaphor anatomy is mind in Modernist literature. Each section draws on cognitive linguistic tools, showcasing how colours shape not just visual but emotional engagement with texts. By connecting cognitive science, psychology, and literary analysis, this Element offers an interdisciplinary perspective, demonstrating that colours act as stimuli shaping perception, language, and cultural meaning, enriching the literary experience across contexts and cultures.
This undergraduate biological psychology textbook offers a critical introduction to brain and behavior. Psychology lectures open with 'the brain is the most complex and mysterious object in the universe', only to quickly reduce that complexity by teaching simplified models. This textbook challenges these narratives by focusing on the latest neurotechnological advances, to clarify the limits of current models, and to inspire the development of safe and accessible technologies for human use. Its central aim is to promote critical thinking and inspire students to pose novel research questions that build from current advances. It is an ideal textbook for instructors who are eager to push beyond a conventional introductory curriculum. Beautifully illustrated and full of practical applications, it is accompanied by teaching slides and a test bank.
While most programmes in neuroscience are understandably built around imparting foundational knowledge of cell biology, neurons, networks and physiology, there is less attention paid to critical perspectives on methods. This book addresses this gap by covering a broad array of topics, including the philosophy of science, challenges of terminology and language, reductionism and social aspects of science, to challenge claims to explanation and understanding in neuroscience. Using examples from dominant areas of neuroscience research alongside novel material from systems that are less often presented, it promotes the general need of scientists (and non-scientists) to think critically. Chapters also explore translations between neuroscience and technology, artificial intelligence, education and criminology. Featuring accessible material alongside further resources for deeper study, this work serves as an essential resource for undergraduate and graduate courses in psychology, neuroscience and biological sciences, while also supporting researchers in exploring philosophical and methodological challenges in contemporary research.
For a long time, criminal justice typically operated through the human body. Historically, the intentional infliction of severe physical harm, such as through quartering and the rack, has been central to both criminal investigation and punishment. This centrality of the human body in criminal justice arguably changed with the rise of carceral punishment and, as of the mid 1900s, with the emergence of human rights protection to the integrity of persons. Yet, it is still the case that nowadays the use of physical force by state officials makes many appearances in modern criminal justice, ranging from handcuffing, taking bodily material for DNA analysis and using pepper spray on arrest, to physical force strip searches in prison and mechanical restraint in forensic hospitals. Moreover, capital punishment, as the supreme corporal sanction, is permitted under international human rights law and still applies in many jurisdictions worldwide.