Provençal escacha, escaicha, escaissa, 'break with the teeth', 'break', 'tear', 'bite' is not mentioned by Meyer-Lübke. The forms escacha, escaissa seem to be regular reflexes of *excoactare, *excoactiare 'to smash', the ai in escaicha being due to the attraction of escaissa. Meyer-Lübke does mention French écacher 'to smash' along with French cacher 'to hide' as a doubtful derivative of *coacticare. These French words seem to be Provençal loanwords from *[ex]coactare. Provençal quicha 'to press', 'to pinch' must have some other source.

Æðele ‘fame, glory, high repute; might, power; honour’ etc. OE æðelu (indecl. in Sing.; constantly used in PL and declined as a Strong Neuter) ‘nobility of birth, high lineage, origin’; in spiritual sense, ‘virtue, noble qualities of mind and character’. Cp. the speech of Hrothgar's messenger to Beowulf:—Eow het secgan sige-drihten min, / aldor East-Dena, þæt he eower æþelu can Beow. 391-2; and again that of Ælfwine in the Battle of Maldon 216-7:—Ic wylle mine æþelo eallum gecyþan, / þæt ic wæs on Myrcon miccles cynnes, etc. The spiritual force of this word is well exhibited in a passage from Boethius quoted by Bosworth-Toller:—Ryht æþelo biþ on þam mode, næs on þam flæsce. Æðelu has the sense of ‘standing, rank, status, rights’ in him on leodsceare / frumbearnes riht freobroþer oþþah (= oþtēah ‘took away‘?) / ead and æðelo Exodus 337-9. The word is used in Beowulf of qualities of mind and character, conceived of perhaps as naturally betokening illustrious birth: —Gecyste þa cyning æþelum god, / þeoden Scyldinga, þegne betstan Beow. 1870-1, in the account of Hrothgar's taking farewell of Beowulf.

[Continuation of the work published in LANG. 6.1-24 (1930). References to the Brut are to volume, page, and line of Madden's edition.]

The language of the Chitimacha Indians of southern Louisiana is now practically extinct. Although there may still be as many as a hundred Chitimacha Indians living in Saint Mary's Parish, Louisiana, practically all of these now speak French or English or both and only two individuals remember the old language. These are Chief Benjamin Paul, aged 65, and Delphine du Cloux, aged 59. With the aid of these two, especially the former, I studied the language last summer, continuing the work begun by the late Dr. Albert S. Gatchet and carried forward by Dr. John R. Swanton of the Bureau of American Ethnology.

The exact relation between the Germanic and Celtic dialects is still unsettled, though doubtless no one will ever dare maintain anything like a Germano-Celtic unity. Nevertheless some advance has certainly been made in this direction by Prof. Marstrander in his recent attack upon the Italo-Celtic unity. Yet one is not quite ready to set aside the phonetic arguments for such unity as ‘dépourvus de toute valeur’. Indeed, and it is here that Prof. Marstrander is right, the weakest support of an Italo-Celtic unity is in point of view of vocabulary—exactly the point in which Germanic and Celtic present such a remarkable agreement. However Prof. Marstrander's objections are mostly of a negative character—an enumeration of disagreements between the Italic and Celtic vocabularies. On the other hand, what can be said of the Germanic and Celtic agreement?

[It has frequently been suggested that a rise in cord tone is accompanied by changes in the position of the superglottal organs of speech, but the nature and extent of these modifications have not been systematically studied. This paper presents the results of an X-ray investigation of the changes which take place in the articulation of a vowel when it is pronounced first on a low pitch and then on a high pitch.]