The LGBTQIA+ community faces pervasive discrimination, including in healthcare settings. This discrimination can be particularly detrimental during hospice and palliative care, where patients are especially vulnerable and may have distinct needs related to their sexual orientation or gender identity.

This study aimed to identify the barriers and enablers to accessing equitable and inclusive palliative care for LGBTQIA+ individuals.

A self-administered online survey was conducted in November 2023 among LGBTQIA+ adults residing in Portugal. Thematic analysis was applied to identify barriers and enablers, mapped using an adapted socioecological framework.

Fifty-five respondents participated, primarily cisgender women (49.1%) identifying as homosexual (50.9%), with most aged 18–34 (76.4%). Barriers included caregiver homophobia, lack of LGBTQIA+-specific knowledge among professionals, fear among patients, misaligned care priorities, exclusion of partners from decision-making, and limited access to care. Enablers involved professional LGBTQIA+-specific training, psychological support, integration of partners or chosen families in care, workforce diversity, dissemination of palliative care information, community engagement, and inclusive societal values.

Inclusive and responsive palliative care is essential to addressing the unique needs of LGBTQIA+ individuals. The findings highlight the need for systemic reforms to advance equity in care. The study calls for mandatory LGBTQIA+-focused training for healthcare providers, recognition of chosen families in care decisions, and public health campaigns that promote inclusivity. Collaboration with LGBTQIA+ organizations to improve outreach and access is vital, along with legislative measures to ensure equitable and inclusive care.

While many siblings of children with cancer demonstrate resilient outcomes, they also face their own unique experiences that increase their risk for acute and long-term psychosocial difficulties. It is accepted that children undergoing cancer treatment experience suffering, the alleviation of which is a main goal of palliative care, yet research has not yet explored whether siblings experience their own suffering. This work aimed to determine whether parents perceive that their child(ren) without cancer suffered throughout the illness course and how that suffering would be described.

Using literature and expert input, a survey was developed to elicit caregivers’ perceptions of suffering in their children with and without cancer and was disseminated through the American Childhood Cancer Organization. Responses regarding sibling suffering were analyzed, considering differences in accounts between bereaved caregivers and those whose child with cancer remains living.

A total of 202 parents (81 bereaved, 121 whose child with cancer remains alive) responded. Themes of sibling suffering include disconnection and/or displacement, lack of stability and certainty, emotional consequences, bearing witness, and lasting impact. One distinct theme, suffering as continued loss, emerged from bereaved parents’ responses.

Both parental groups described sibling suffering similarly despite different outcomes for their child with cancer. The idea of sibling suffering by bearing witness to what the child with cancer experienced is unique and worthy of further understanding. This work highlights the need for sibling and parent psychosocial assessment and palliative intervention throughout cancer treatment. Gaining longitudinal input from siblings and parents regarding the experience of suffering is a critical next step to develop tailored interventions.

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between spirituality and the quality of life among women with breast cancer.

This study utilized descriptive correlational research and a purposive sampling technique that involved women with breast cancer. Patients with breast cancer from particular breast cancer societies and organizations in Manila made up the sample. A total of 123 participants were included in the study. The Spiritual Index of Well-Being (SIWB) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire were used to collect the needed data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to determine the relationship between spirituality and quality of life among women with breast cancer.

A high level of spirituality and quality of life were found among the participants. Overall, the mean score of the SIWB among the participants was 4.48 (±0.670), while the quality of life score was 62.6 (±10.9). A significant negative correlation was found between spirituality and quality of life (r = -0.127, p = 0.031), while significant positive correlations were noted between quality of life and self-efficacy (r = 0.683, p < 0.001) and life schemes or meaning in life (r = 0.704, p < 0.001).

Although spirituality and quality of life had a negative correlation, the subscales of self-efficacy and life scheme had high positive correlations, indicating the complex dimensions of spirituality. In addition to providing coping strategies, spirituality offers patients the emotional, social, and existential support they need to deal with the unknowns of illness.

This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire for Colorectal Cancer for Serbian patients.

The prospective cohort study was conducted at the Clinic for Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, and included 150 Serbian-speaking colorectal adenocarcinoma patients undergoing colorectal surgery. The translation process involved rigorous forward and backward translations, pilot testing with patients, and statistical analysis for psychometric validation, including internal consistency, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, concurrent validity, and known-groups validity.

Results showed good internal consistency across most scales (Cronbach’s alpha values ranging from 0.769 to 0.855), with excellent split-half reliability (0.872). Convergent and discriminant validity analyses confirmed the questionnaire’s capacity to measure constructs it was theoretically related. The significant correlations were observed between corresponding scales and items of EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-CR29 questionnaires. Known-groups analysis demonstrated the tool’s ability to distinguish between patient groups based on tumor location, stoma presence, and neoadjuvant therapy.

The Serbian version of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the quality of life in Serbian colorectal cancer patients, reflecting its potential for widespread clinical application.

To triangulate the perspectives of mental health clinicians, older people with mental illness and their carers on Advance Care Planning (ACP) to develop evidence-informed educational resources.

The study setting was public mental health services. Results of previously reported reflexive thematic analyses of interviews discussing ACP with three stakeholder groups (12 older people with mental illness, 5 carers, and 15 mental health clinicians) were triangulated. The emergent overarching themes were considered within an interpretive description framework to develop educational resources to support each of the three stakeholder groups to engage in ACP.

Four overarching themes emerged: (i) importance of ACP recognized but ACP often not initiated; (ii) knowledge gaps; (iii) skill gaps – how to do it; and (iv) practical and process issues. Taking into account the research team’s knowledge of the local health contexts, two formats of educational resources were developed; written information sheets bespoke to identified knowledge gaps and needs for each group, and brief training films for clinicians addressing need for practical skills in ACP. The consumer and carer sheets were translated into three languages. Two brief clinician training films demonstrated introducing ACP within mental health reviews and how to address aspects of complexity in ACP with older adults with a mental illness and carers.

The current absence of specific educational resources for ACP with older people with mental illness contrasts with the recognized importance of ACP. Written resources were created to address empirically identified knowledge gaps and misconceptions and provide practical information and training films developed to demonstrate key skills for clinicians. The resources were made freely available, with dissemination planned to promote and evaluate use as part of a more comprehensive educational intervention. Resources supporting clinician, consumer and carer education are an important first step towards empowerment and participation in ACP.

Many factors are known to influence experiences in bereavement. With a growing focus on public health approaches to bereavement support, it is important to further understand factors which healthcare workers (HCW) can influence regarding bereavement experiences for families. The study aim was to describe the experience of people bereaved following a death in Sydney Local Health District (SLHD), with particular focus on people’s awareness and experience of available supports and the perceived impact of healthcare interactions on bereavement experiences.

The study used semi-structured qualitative interviews (n = 15) to explore the experiences of bereaved people. These were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a Reflexive Thematic Analysis approach.

Themes were generated showing the ways in which healthcare and bereavement experiences are mediated by personal interactions; that information and its delivery are central to shaping experiences; and the impacts of healthcare and government system issues on experiences of care and access to support. Attention to these factors may positively impact end-of-life care and subsequent bereavement experiences.

It is illuminating to consider the results in light of proposed public health approaches to bereavement. Our findings assist in understanding the role that HCWs have in supporting preparation for death, providing care with the potential to prevent negative bereavement outcomes, and offering short-term bereavement support. This is key in planning models that acknowledge the essential role HCWs play within public health approaches to bereavement support. Findings can inform education and training in healthcare, with a focus on approaches that affirm dignity and positive relationships, ensure sensitive and timely information provision, and enhance skilled communication. Recommendations can support policy and system improvements to enhance bereavement outcomes.

Psychospiritual distress affects many patients with cancer, contributing to diminished quality of life, decreased survival and a desire for hastened death. The current standard of care, which primarily consists of antidepressants and psychotherapy, has demonstrated only modest benefits. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown evidence of rapid, durable, and significant effects on measures of both depression and anxiety in this patient population.

A 51-year-old man diagnosed with metastatic lung cancer, referred to palliative care (PC) with a prognosis of less than 6 months, experienced depression and anxiety in the context of demoralization and existential distress. His suffering persisted despite psychotherapy and treatment with 100 mg of sertraline. He was granted access to PAT through Health Canada’s Special Access Program (SAP) and was treated with 25 mg of oral psilocybin in a homecare setting, with preparative and integrative therapy prior to and following the PAT session.

PAT was well tolerated, with significant decreases in both anxiety and depression. The patient subjectively reported a sustained reduction in suffering and improved well-being at 2 months post-intervention.

PAT, when utilized within an appropriate therapeutic framework, may be safely delivered at home and may serve as an effective and long-lasting treatment for symptoms of anxiety and depression associated with psychospiritual symptoms of existential distress in PC. Future studies should examine differences in outcomes between clinical and homecare settings for PAT, and could include creating practice guidelines and protocols for home-based PAT.

The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and patient-reported digital tools (ePROMs and ePREMs) in palliative care offers new opportunities for personalised care yet also raises profound ethical and philosophical concerns. This paper examines how emerging technologies intersect with the concept of human dignity at the end of life, proposing an expanded notion of post-biographical dignity.

Ethical-philosophical analysis based on critical readings of AI ethics, narrative medicine, and the philosophy of technology.

While digital tools such as ePROMs and ePREMs offer potential for richer, more person-centred care, they also risk reducing patients to data points and predictive profiles. Digital processes increasingly shape the narrative, vulnerability, and memory of the dying person. Post-biographical dignity calls for a reconceptualization of care that includes memory, relational continuity, and ethical engagement with digital remains.

End-of-life care in the age of AI must move beyond autonomy-focused ethics to encompass the narrative, relational, and posthumous dimensions of dignity. A critical, philosophically informed ethics is essential to prevent depersonalisation in digitally mediated care.

Palliative care enhances life, but rural Australia faces significant inequities, and psychosocial distress, an important yet often overlooked aspect, is under-recognized in these settings. This study examines how psychosocial distress evolves in rural palliative patients using the Death and Dying Distress Scale (DADDS).

A longitudinal study was conducted with palliative care patients in rural hospitals on Australia’s east coast. Distress levels were measured using DADDS at multiple timepoints. Mixed-effects models assessed distress trajectories, while survival analyses (Weibull model) examined whether average distress changes predicted survival duration. For comparability, DADDS scores in mixed-effects models were standardized (0–100%), whereas survival analyses used raw total score changes.

Adjusted mean total DADDS was 37.14 ± 22.67, with highest distress in fear of suffering and pain (49.95 ± 26.56) and lowest in fear of sudden death (30.26 ± 30.24). Distress followed a U-shaped trajectory: peaking early (52.68), declining mid (29.85) and late stages (28.26), then rising near death (53.05) (EMMs). Statistically significant changes included declines from early to mid-stage (β = −22.84, p = 0.007) and increases from late to near-death (β = 24.79, p = 0.003). Distress increased most from late to near-death in fear of suffering and death (β = 27.38, p = 0.006) and declined most from early to mid-stage in fear of dying (β = 28.01, p = 0.007). Higher distress correlated with shorter survival; each one-point increase in distress linked to a 6.97% survival reduction (time ratio = 0.930, β = −0.070, p < 0.001).

Psychosocial distress peaks in early palliative care and near death and is associated with reduced survival. Support should prioritize fears of suffering and pain during these stages, address fear of the dying process earlier, and remain attentive to persistent concerns such as loss of time and opportunity.