Book contents
- Mercury
- Cambridge Planetary Science
- Mercury
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- 1 The MESSENGER Mission: Science and Implementation Overview
- 2 The Chemical Composition of Mercury
- 3 Mercury’s Crust and Lithosphere: Structure and Mechanics
- 4 Mercury’s Internal Structure
- 5 Mercury’s Internal Magnetic Field
- 6 The Geologic History of Mercury
- 7 The Geochemical and Mineralogical Diversity of Mercury
- 8 Spectral Reflectance Constraints on the Composition and Evolution of Mercury’s Surface
- 9 Impact Cratering of Mercury
- 10 The Tectonic Character of Mercury
- 11 The Volcanic Character of Mercury
- 12 Mercury’s Hollows
- 13 Mercury’s Polar Deposits
- 14 Observations of Mercury’s Exosphere: Composition and Structure
- 15 Understanding Mercury’s Exosphere: Models Derived from MESSENGER Observations
- 16 Structure and Configuration of Mercury’s Magnetosphere
- 17 Mercury’s Dynamic Magnetosphere
- 18 The Elusive Origin of Mercury
- 19 Mercury’s Global Evolution
- 20 Future Missions: Mercury after MESSENGER
- Index
- Index of Place Names
- References
15 - Understanding Mercury’s Exosphere: Models Derived from MESSENGER Observations
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 December 2018
Book contents
- Mercury
- Cambridge Planetary Science
- Mercury
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- 1 The MESSENGER Mission: Science and Implementation Overview
- 2 The Chemical Composition of Mercury
- 3 Mercury’s Crust and Lithosphere: Structure and Mechanics
- 4 Mercury’s Internal Structure
- 5 Mercury’s Internal Magnetic Field
- 6 The Geologic History of Mercury
- 7 The Geochemical and Mineralogical Diversity of Mercury
- 8 Spectral Reflectance Constraints on the Composition and Evolution of Mercury’s Surface
- 9 Impact Cratering of Mercury
- 10 The Tectonic Character of Mercury
- 11 The Volcanic Character of Mercury
- 12 Mercury’s Hollows
- 13 Mercury’s Polar Deposits
- 14 Observations of Mercury’s Exosphere: Composition and Structure
- 15 Understanding Mercury’s Exosphere: Models Derived from MESSENGER Observations
- 16 Structure and Configuration of Mercury’s Magnetosphere
- 17 Mercury’s Dynamic Magnetosphere
- 18 The Elusive Origin of Mercury
- 19 Mercury’s Global Evolution
- 20 Future Missions: Mercury after MESSENGER
- Index
- Index of Place Names
- References
Summary
Mercury is surrounded by a tenuous exosphere in which particles travel on ballistic trajectories under the influence of a combination of gravity and solar radiation pressure. The densities are so small that the surface forms the exobase, and particles in the exosphere are more likely to collide with it rather than with each other. During the three flybys of Mercury by the Mariner 10 spacecraft in 1974–1975, the probe's Ultraviolet Spectrometer made measurements of hydrogen and helium and a tentative detection of oxygen. These observations were followed a decade later by discoveries with Earth-based telescopes of exospheric sodium and potassium, and still later of calcium, aluminum, and iron. In addition to characterizing sodium, calcium, and hydrogen in Mercury’s exosphere, the Mercury Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer instrument on the MESSENGER spacecraft detected magnesium, ionized calcium, aluminum, and manganese. Thus, the total inventory of confirmed exospheric neutral species now includes H, He, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, and Mn. This chapter summarizes both ground-based and space-based observations of Mercury’s exosphere that have been made from its discovery by Mariner 10 through the four Earth years of nearly continuous orbital observations by the MESSENGER spacecraft.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- MercuryThe View after MESSENGER, pp. 407 - 429Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2018
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