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Psychodynamic psychotherapy

from Psychology, health and illness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2014

Jo-Anne Carlyle
Affiliation:
Tavistock Clinic
Susan Ayers
Affiliation:
University of Sussex
Andrew Baum
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Chris McManus
Affiliation:
St Mary's Hospital Medical School
Stanton Newman
Affiliation:
University College and Middlesex School of Medicine
Kenneth Wallston
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University School of Nursing
John Weinman
Affiliation:
United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's
Robert West
Affiliation:
St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London
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Summary

Overview

What sets the psychodynamic psychotherapies apart from other traditions of psychological therapy is centrality of a dynamic unconscious. It is not only taken as fact that there are large parts of our psychological life of which we are unaware but also that there is a level of dynamic activity in these unconscious processes which contributes to our emotional and behavioural life (Laplanche & Pontalis, 1973). This idea takes us beyond a notion of a static unconscious where previous thoughts or experiences are ‘laid down’ in a way that is isolated from relationships with other experiences. It refers to processes whereby aspects of emotional life, particularly conflicts between different instincts, feelings and thoughts, actively impinge on one another. The product or evidence of this activity may be in dreams or symptoms. Shakespeare, who so often anticipates our understanding of the mind, puts it eloquently thus:

And since you know you cannot see yourself, so well as by reflection,

I, your glass, will modestly discover to yourself,

that of yourself which you yet know not of.

(William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, Act 1, Scene II)

Although Freud is recognized as the modern founder of psychoanalysis (on which the psychodynamic therapies are based), the principles and foundations of psychodynamic theory are revealed in many of the compelling and elemental stories which have endured throughout history, from religious texts to the role of myths, as universal means of describing the experience of society and the individual.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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