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What is tradition in American constitutional law, and what is its enduring appeal in American culture? In The Constitution of Practice, Marc O. DeGirolami presents and defends his theory of constitutional law, one rooted in our political, legal, and cultural experience. He argues that constitutional traditions are the ways in which we manifest, give concrete form to, and transmit political excellence across time. He explains how traditions also bind us to one another, strengthening the civic affection necessary to a democratic republic. Responding to several criticisms, the author discusses the relationship of constitutional method and American politics, evaluating traditionalism's political adhesion and its prospects in the coming decades. At a time when Americans increasingly do not trust their institutions, DeGirolami explores how a traditionalist approach to the Constitution can begin to repair the disaffection that many now feel for their legal institutions.
Millions of individuals worldwide struggle to understand and assert their legal rights without legal representation. Equalizing Justice examines how AI and other technologies can address this access to justice crisis by providing unrepresented litigants with knowledge and skills traditionally available only through lawyers. This volume takes a needs-first approach, identifying tasks that unrepresented litigants must complete and mapping specific technologies to each task, such as generative AI, computational logic, and document automation. The book highlights real-world applications, demonstrating proven impact, and presents case studies and interviews to explore both the potential positive outcomes and potential challenges of AI for access to justice. Equalizing Justice proves that AI technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to create equitable justice systems serving everyone, not just those who can afford representation. The volume argues for legal AI assistants as a public good that should be accessible to all.
Americans of all political stripes are becoming increasingly frustrated with the partisanship of present-day politics. Democrats and Republicans alike claim mandates on narrow margins of victory and are quick to condemn their opponents as enemies of the public good. The Framers of the Constitution understood that such divisions are rooted in the political factions inherent in democracy. Their solutions were federalism, the separation of powers, bicameralism, judicial review and other structural constraints on majority rule. Over the course of US history some of those constraints have been eroded as American politics have become more democratic and less respectful of the liberties and freedoms the Framers sought to protect. American Factions advocates for a renewed understanding of the problem of political factions and a restoration of the Constitution's limits to revive a politics of compromise and bipartisanship.
This Handbook analyses pressing legal and policy issues that have arisen in the rapidly changing media ecosystem: from threats to media freedom and pluralism and the safety of journalists to challenges arising from the shift to platform-based communication, the spread of disinformation and the impact of AI on media and news production. Seeking to pave the way for new, integrated regulatory responses, the individual chapters address legal and policy developments from an overarching perspective that includes insights from human rights law, media law and copyright law. Following this holistic approach, the Handbook identifies common principles for a coherent regulatory framework for news and media in Europe. It evaluates existing laws and media governance institutions in light of the economic, technological and political challenges posed to the media sector. The individual contributions present new directions for an integrated approach to European media law and policy. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Global value chains (GVCs) are an important way in which modern businesses optimise their production processes by choosing to locate them in different countries. Given their importance to the world economy, it is no surprise that there is now a large literature in business. However, much less has been said about how insights from economics can be used in the analysis of GVCs. Reshaping Global Value Chains offers an in-depth and interdisciplinary analysis of global value chains, highlighting their crucial role in transforming global trade, production and development. It focuses on methods and toolkits closer to economics rather than other social sciences to explore key themes such as resilience, sustainability, innovation and inclusion, addressing the challenges posed by geopolitical, environmental and pandemic crises. Written by an impressive line-up of international scholars, this book provides practical and conceptual tools for understanding and rethinking GVCs in an era of increasing global uncertainty.
What is the employment law at international organizations? The answer – international administrative law – implements treaty-based employment at all international organizations, including the United Nations, International Labour Organization and The World Bank. It governs an encounter between the status of the international civil service, administrative authority at international organizations and the jurisprudence of international administrative tribunals. For the first time, the universal legal basis of international administrative law is concisely and clearly introduced, tracking the employee lifecycle, from selection, through remuneration, performance management and integrity, to ending service. Drawing on the judgments of multiple administrative tribunals, a clear and usable interpretative framework of interconnected legal principles and legal duties is established. Intended for all staff at international organizations, member-State representatives, legal practitioners and scholars, this book serves as the basis for a shared understanding of international administrative law, equal to the enormity of the endeavours entrusted to the international civil service.
The Early German Romantics elaborated a highly original philosophical-political framework where subjectivity is not construed as essentially the property of an isolated individual having control over other people and over nature. Rather, each subject can exist and flourish only within a web of harmonious relations of mutual dependency which connects it with history, with other people, and with the natural world. The implications of such a conception for our notion of individual and collective autonomy and for political life are radical. This book explains and analyses this novel way of thinking, places it in its historical context, and brings out some of the major consequences it has for our social life, and in particular for a number of issues of special contemporary relevance such as gender and ecology.
In post-Brexit Europe, it has never been more important to understand who benefits from the European Union and its Single Market. In this innovative approach to the history of European integration, Grace Ballor reconstructs the creation of the Single Market in the 1980s and 1990s through the lens of multinational business. She both shows how policymakers viewed big business as an ally in market integration and uncovers the diverse responses of European companies, ranging from enthusiastic support for the market to opposition to its attendant social and environmental policies. Drawing on institutional and corporate archives and interviews with key policymakers and business leaders, Ballor demonstrates how businesses adapted their strategies to the new realities of integration and how these adaptations in turn shaped international markets. This is essential reading for anyone wishing to make sense of contemporary European economics and the complex relationships between business and policymaking, economy and society.
The Roman world was a rural world. Most of the Roman population lived in the countryside and had their immediate rural surroundings as their social and economic frame of reference. For much of the Roman period, rural property provided the basis for political power and urban development, and it was in rural areas that the agricultural crops that sustained an expanding empire were grown and many of the most important Roman industries were situated. Rural areas witnessed the presence of some of the most durable symbols of Roman imperial hegemony, such as aqueducts and paved roads. It was mainly here that native and Roman traditions collided and were negotiated. This volume, containing 30 chapters by leading scholars, leverages recent methodological advancements and new interpretative frameworks to provide a holistic view, with an empire-wide reach, of the importance of Roman rural areas in the success of ancient Rome.
Seeds of Solidarity is a study of British Guiana amid a wave of Caribbean uprisings that brought modern politics to colonial spaces during the 1930s. It explores the historical power of a movement forged by people at the edges of empire during economic, political, and environmental crises. African- and Indian-Guianese youth, women, and men who worked on sugar plantations led a series of labor uprisings, despite attempts to turn these racialized communities against each other. Rather than erasing identities, their 'overlapping diasporas' signify how solidary can emerge without sameness, and how this process challenged the British Empire and reshaped Caribbean politics. This important work unites Caribbean history, African Diaspora and South Asian Diaspora studies, histories of racial capitalism and labor movements, gender studies, and the politics of colonialism and empire in the post-indenture period. It offers a model of resistance in today's era of deepening racial and economic inequality, fascism, and climate emergency.
Recent observations of the afterglow of the Big Bang, commonly referred to as the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, have greatly advanced our understanding of the early Universe and have helped reinforce the observational foundations of modern cosmology. This volume provides a comprehensive pedagogical overview of all aspects of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation. Topics covered include theory, current observations, instrumentation, statistical analyses and the astrophysics of Galactic and other microwave foregrounds. These latter topics are important as much of the contemporary work in cosmology focuses on perfecting experimental techniques and the mitigating and assessing sources of errors. Bringing together the latest research and scientific developments from the primary literature into one book, this is a go-to resource for graduate students and researchers working in cosmology and astrophysics.
Driven by advances in data science and machine learning, photonics has evolved rapidly in recent years and has transformed into a highly interdisciplinary field, connecting fundamental research with cutting-edge applications. Inspired by recent Nobel Prizes in Physics in 2021 and 2024, Conti highlights the interplay between photonics and spin glasses, a key concept for understanding the link between photon propagation and complex systems. Beginning with a study of black-body radiation, the book then revisits laser theory using techniques from non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Through a step-by-step exploration of important photonic experiments, it bridges foundational concepts and advances in optical computing, with a focus on developing efficient hardware for classical and quantum artificial intelligence. This reveals the profound ties between complexity, photonics, and the future of AI technologies. The book will be a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and more practised researchers.