In this scenario a 50-year-old male is brought in from the bus station where he was found sleeping on a covered park bench during a severe winter storm. He arrives obtunded with limited history, severely hypothermic (core temperature of 26°C or 78.8°F) and bradycardic in slow atrial fibrillation. The patient decompensates and suffers a v-fib arrest, requires volume resuscitation, active rewarming in addition to typical ACLS measures. If such measures are taken, then the patient will have return of spontaneous circulation, at which point the team will have the opportunity to contact either their institution’s cardiopulmonary bypass personnel or contact the nearest center with this capability.

The early nineteenth century, approximately 1800–48, is the focus of this chapter. Through consideration of historical sources, it enters the early nineteenth-century Viennese home, finding out what was played, who was playing, with what skill and why. It examines the centrality of the piano and the string quartet and the identity and status of musical dilettantes.

This chapter considers the historical pictures of international systems and international society that Barry Buzan has drawn: International Systems in World History with Richard Little, covering both ancient and modern systems; The Great Transformation with George Lawson, which more closely treats the nineteenth-century system; and Making Global Society, which historicizes the emergence and structure of the contemporary global order. It places them in the tradition of treating international society as a historical subject, a tradition that began with the Gottingen historians in the eighteenth century, and also in the context of historical method, distinguishing between synthetic history and ‘world history’/historical evolutionism as forms of explanatory history. It considers the requirements of each type of history and how closely Buzan’s efforts conform to each. Considering Buzan’s efforts as models of explanatory history, it proposes the requirements of explanatory history with regard to international historical subjects.

Meta-analyses of symptom-focused medication management suggest that impulsive and behavioral dysregulation in borderline personality disorder (BPD) is best treated by which of the following classes of psychotropics?

In this chapter I focus on the nature of theories in the social sciences, some philosophy of science behind the validation of theories (e.g., falsifiability, approaches to deciding the value of evidence for/against a theory), and some issues to consider with respect to the research process and theory development and evaluation. I discuss the value of deconstructing theories to assess their core and auxiliary assumptions and determine aspects of a theory that have yet to be examined. I also discuss modern approaches to assess the evidentiary value of this body of research. I suggest that in our interdisciplinary field, researchers should consider generating hypotheses, as well as research explorations, through carefully evaluating and questioning the assumptions of the theories typically applied in the study of personal relationships. This discussion includes the use of modern approaches such as computational models. The overarching theme of the chapter is that as a field we need to evaluate and develop our theories using some recommendations put forward for decades combined with recently developed techniques in order to advance our theories beyond vague verbal statements that are interesting yet not precise to theories that allow for more consistent deductions of specific hypotheses.

In the aftermath of a tornado, a 35-year-old man with a history of recurrent deep vein thromboses, on Eliquis for anticoagulation, suffers a severe chain saw injury while clearing debris. The chain saw strikes his left midthigh, causing substantial hemorrhage and limb-threatening trauma. Despite prompt EMS intervention, including tourniquet application, IV fluid resuscitation, and pain management, the patient arrives at a rural emergency department in critical condition with hypotension, tachycardia, and significant pain. The nearest surgical facility is an hour away, and helicopter transport is not feasible due to weather conditions. In the emergency department, the trauma team must navigate the complexities of resuscitation, including the challenges of reversing anticoagulation, administering uncrossmatched blood, and managing the time-sensitive issue of tourniquet removal.

The functional-typological approach to language recognizes that language features are shaped by functional forces: the strengths and limitations of human cognition and perception in creative tension with communitive needs. The results of this tension are evident in the phonology as well as in the morphosyntax. A functional-typological understanding of language reveals what features are likely to be common to different languages, as well as what features are likely to co-occur in the same language. This predictive knowledge prepares the teacher for what she will encounter in students L1, and helps her prepare students for what they will encounter in L2. Awareness of typologically less common features in particular will help the teacher to know where special effort may be needed to help students meet the challenge. An understanding of functional forces such as iconicity, metaphorical extension and language change also allows the L2 teacher to explain how a particular feature is motivated and not merely arbitrary, helping the learner to see how those facts make sense and thereby making them easier to learn.

What is the effect of one’s personality on one’s close relationships? In this chapter, we review the literature on this topic, focusing especially on the personality dimensions of self-esteem and the Big 5 traits of neuroticism and agreeableness. We review empirical studies of each of these three traits as predictors of (a) interpersonal processes and (b) relationship outcomes, including relationship satisfaction and dissolution. We also summarize any existing theoretical perspectives on these associations, including the most complete theoretical account offered for the influence of any of these traits on relationships—namely, the Self-Esteem-Infuses-Relationships-through-Trust (SIRT) model. We expect that two core assumptions of the SIRT model would be fundamental to theoretical accounts concerning any personality dimension’s influence on relationships. Specifically, (a) any trait?s influence must exert its influence through a causal chain of mediators, and (b) one of the essential mediators is behaviors between partners. Finally, we also evaluate how complete theoretical accounts concerning neuroticism and agreeableness that are likely to be offered in the future are likely to differ from or be similar to the account for self-esteem offered by the SIRT.

This case presents a medical scenario involving a 55-year-old woman in critical condition after a suspected bioterrorism attack involving pneumonic plague. The patient arrives at the emergency department intubated and in septic shock, with a history of severe respiratory distress, high fever, and coughing up blood. EMS reports possible exposure to a plague bioterrorism attack in a subway, raising concerns about the patient’s condition and potential public health risks. The case focuses on recognizing bioterrorism-related illnesses, using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), and isolating the patient. Key management steps include advanced airway management, fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support, and initiating appropriate antibiotics for pneumonic plague. The scenario also highlights the need for coordination with infection control, notification of public health authorities, and postexposure prophylaxis for healthcare providers exposed to the patient’s secretions. This exercise emphasizes quick, coordinated care in the face of a potential biological disaster involving a highly contagious pathogen.