This chapter concerns the relation of the Concept Logic to the prior main division of the Logic, the Objective Logic. Hegel’s goal in the Objective Logic is not to develop a theory of the entities it discusses. Instead, Hegel’s work should be read as employing a device here called suspended reference, a way of using a concept without being committed to the reality of its referent. Since Hegel does not offer a metaphysical theory in the Objective Logic, that book can be primarily critical in function. It is then argued that the Concept Logic aims to demonstrate the grounds of the metaphysical concepts of the Objective Logic. It does so by showing that each of them are based in the mere form of thought, especially in judgment and syllogism. This makes Hegel’s conception of metaphysics non-theoretical in the sense that its objects are not separable from the thought that thinks them.

This chapter covers the use of simulation as a method of disaster response preparation. It addresses case creation, high-fidelity techniques, and execution of a large, live action disaster simulation. It discusses how to build out a case from planned objectives, as well as pairing debriefing points for after the case is finished. It also gives advice on how to retain optimal control over the case to help ensure it runs smoothly. It gives advice on logistics and case flow, avoiding common pitfalls in planning such drills, and proper communication between instructors during the drill. It discusses how to implement a twist into the case to further constrain resources available to the learners and how to integrate such twists into the case without disruption.

This case presents a 3–4-year-old male child in a refugee camp in northern Kenya, suffering from severe dehydration due to prolonged nonbloody diarrhea. The child presents with signs of pediatric hypovolemic shock, including pallor, tachycardia, and hypotension. The father, speaking only Swahili, reveals the child’s symptoms through an interpreter. The patient requires immediate volume resuscitation, initiated with IV fluids, and administration of appropriate antibiotics and zinc therapy for presumed infectious diarrhea. The case emphasizes the challenges of managing critical pediatric cases in resource-limited settings and the importance of clear communication with family members despite language barriers. Key interventions include securing IV access, initiating rapid fluid resuscitation, and providing antibiotic therapy. A MEDEVAC transfer is arranged for further care at a hospital equipped to manage the patient’s worsening condition. The scenario highlights the complexities of disaster medicine, particularly in displaced populations facing health crises like cholera or other diarrheal diseases.

Chapter 2 uses historical perspectives on the Court to argue there is a close nexus between the Court’s foundational role of protecting the right-based conditions the democratic process and the threat of authoritarian populism. However, while this role was conceived as protecting against existential threats to democracy (the ‘alarm bell’ against totalitarian threats), the question remains whether the Court’s interpretive equipment is apt to tackle insidious threats to democracy, such as authoritarian populism.

It has been said that countries in East-Central Europe have their own brand of constitutionalism which celebrates the idea of national sovereignty. I shall argue that, when the question of sovereignty is treated in the framework of cultural imaginaries, we realise that this region’s constitutionalism is actually much less archaic than it might seem. Despite all the diversity encountered in East-Central Europe, there is a recurring cultural theme running through it: the idea of being a small nation that has suffered great historical tragedies. Yet no political or legal position with respect to sovereignty follows from the mere observation that the nation is small and in need of protection. As the history of East-Central Europe shows, depending on the kind of threats that are thought to besiege the nation, state sovereignty may appear either as a protective shield or an obstacle precluding membership in some larger political community. Even supposing that countries in East-Central Europe share a collective mentality centred on the category of the nation, it does not follow that they should be especially attached to state sovereignty in any traditional sense.

In Chapter 9, Gao Pian reaches his final post as military governor of the southeastern economic hub Huainan and establishes his headquarters in Yangzhou as commander-in-chief of the Tang Expeditionary Armies and Salt, Iron, and Transport commissioner in charge of the empire’s monopoly and financial administration. After the disastrous year jihai, the decline of the Tang accelerates, testing the allegiance of military and civilian officials alike (“All the King’s Men”). Gao Pian stands by as Huang Chao crosses the Yangzi at Stone Quarry and heads north. In “Tilling with My Brush,” Ch’oe Ch’iwŏn joins Gao’s headquarters staff as Huang Chao’s armies approach the capital in 880. Emperor Xizong flees into exile at Chengdu in early 881 (“The Fall of Chang’an”). Gao Pian assembles an expeditionary army at “East Dike” for the recovery of the capital. With the “Ultimatum to Huang Chao,” written by Ch’oe Ch’iwŏn on Gao Pian’s behalf, the young scholar from Silla becomes widely known in China. In “Citadel Yangzhou,” referring to the faltering empire’s crucial commercial, manufacturing, and trading hub at the intersection of the Grand Canal and the Yangzi, Gao Pian consolidates the city’s fortifications.

In Chapter 4 Gao Pian undertakes the postwar reconstruction of Jiaozhi’s ramparts and dwellings, devastated by years of enemy occupation and sieges. He next reopens the region’s obstructed maritime trade routes between Vietnam and China to revive its stalled economy. The section “The Lay of the Land” illustrates how Gao introduced Chinese fengshui divination to site the emplacement of medieval Hanoi and the contours of its ramparts. “The Đại La Citadel” describes these construction in the context of the city’s fortification history. “Canal of Heavenly Might” reconstructs Gao’s excavation of a land–sea canal cutting across a peninsula on the Guangxi coast of the Gulf of Tonkin to connect two legs of coastal shipping lanes. The primary source for this account is a detailed and colorful stele inscription by Pei Xing recording the event. “Explosive Devotions” advances the hypothesis that the exceptional feat of hydraulic engineering was accomplished with the help of gunpowder, which would make it the first large-scale application of chemical explosives in history.

The Introduction develops the idea that Hegel’s philosophy is distinctive by its endorsing an artifactual paradigm for philosophy, in contrast to a natural one. The artifactual paradigm says that our knowledge of humanly constructed artifacts, rather than natural things represent the standard-setting case for objects of philosophical knowledge. The world of spirit or Geist is thus the central topic of philosophy. But the philosophical basis for the centrality of Geist is Hegel’s theory of concepts. Hegel presents a theory of concepts which allows for concepts not only to represent their objects but also to constitute them, akin to the artifactual production of an object. This interpretation contrasts with metaphysical readings of Hegel that make “the Concept” a part of the structure of reality, as well as with more deflationary interpretations that understand Hegelian concepts on the model of Kantian categories.

This chapter shows how the Legislative Advisory Commission, a reviser type of legislature established by factions with high levels of unity and embeddedness during Argentina’s last dictatorship, amended and rejected a high share of government bills, and forced the executive to reverse, temper, or withdraw important initiatives on taxation, budgetary policy, and defense policy, which complicated the implementation of economic adjustment programs and facilitated the takeover of government by the hardliners, which ultimately led to the defeat in the Falklands War and the collapse of the authoritarian regime.

After a tsunami, refugees are at risk of numerous causes of morbidity and mortality. Endemic diseases, such as malaria, are among the most common. This case forces participants to consider and diagnose endemic diseases in the setting of a disaster, including determining appropriate workup, both for the end diagnosis and to rule out alternatives, as well as the correct treatment of endemic disease.

Pronunciation issues in L2 arise from a variety of linguistic sources and can be quite complex, interrelated, and subtle. Differences in sound inventories, phonemic relationships among sounds, phonotactic patterns in syllables and words, and prosodic patterns can all wreak havoc on one’s best efforts at acquiring native-like pronunciation, sometimes in tandem. Drawn from the experience of a field linguist who has taught many to articulate sounds in unfamiliar languages (L2 students learning English pronunciation and English speakers learning sounds from the world’s languages) and to analyze phonological patterns, this chapter showcases the strengths of phonetics, phonology, and typology for exceptional L2 pronunciation teaching. Goals, topics, and resources for a linguistically well-grounded teacher training course in L2 pronunciation are proposed. Properly equipped, the teacher of pronunciation can quickly analyze the linguistic source of pronunciation issues as they arise in class, determine linguistically based strategies in response, and provide clear explanations and effective, individualized coaching on-the-ground with actual L2 learners, with results they see and appreciate.