Let us say that a graph $G$ is Ramsey for a tuple $(H_1,\ldots,H_r)$ of graphs if every r-colouring of the edges of G contains a monochromatic copy of $H_i$ in colour i, for some $i \in [\![{r}]\!]$. A famous conjecture of Kohayakawa and Kreuter, extending seminal work of Rödl and Ruciński, predicts the threshold at which the binomial random graph $G_{n,p}$ becomes Ramsey for $(H_1,\ldots,H_r)$ asymptotically almost surely.

In this paper, we resolve the Kohayakawa–Kreuter conjecture for almost all tuples of graphs. Moreover, we reduce its validity to the truth of a certain deterministic statement, which is a clear necessary condition for the conjecture to hold. All of our results actually hold in greater generality, when one replaces the graphs $H_1,\ldots,H_r$ by finite families $\mathcal{H}_1,\ldots,\mathcal{H}_r$. Additionally, we pose a natural (deterministic) graph-partitioning conjecture, which we believe to be of independent interest, and whose resolution would imply the Kohayakawa–Kreuter conjecture.

In the autumn of 1934, Bishop Johannes Geisler of Brixen/Bressanone denied two Italian-speaking priests, Carlo Torello and Giuseppe Ricci, permission to teach within his predominantly German-speaking diocese. In response, Benito Mussolini threatened to expel all Church representatives from the state education system and, by extension, to unravel the recently signed Lateran Accords. Untangling the motivations behind Geisler’s decision, the escalating tensions it precipitated, and, ultimately, the discussions that led to its quiet resolution reveal much about Fascist and Church ambitions in the newly annexed territory of Trentino-South Tyrol. This ‘Torello-Ricci Affair’ provides a micro-historical lens with which to better understand the political and cultural infrastructures of power in interwar South Tyrol and their relationship to institutions in Rome. In particular, it illustrates the ongoing battle between civil and religious officials to assert moral authority within the region, most importantly as it regarded the education of its children.

This essay examines the contemporary discourse on inflation through the lens of Wittgenstein’s late work on language games. Using his concept of hinge propositions – beliefs upon which language games depend – I offer a novel perspective on the public good that is price stability. In particular, I first consider the inflation hypothesis as a derivative of the commodity theory of money and therefore inherently linked to a purely quantitative regime of monetary management. I then argue that, based on the hinge proposition that money is a creature of law, money’s value might instead be grasped and engaged on the basis of its political and qualitative dimensions.

Ultra-processed foods (UPF), defined using the Nova classification system, are associated with increased chronic disease risk. More recently, evidence suggests the UPF subgroup of whole-grain breads and cereals is in fact linked with reduced chronic disease risk. This study aimed to explore associations of cardiometabolic risk measures with Nova UPF intake v. when foods with ≥ 25 or ≥ 50 % whole grains are excluded from the definition. We considered dietary data from the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011–2012. Impacts on associations of UPF intake (quintiles) and cardiometabolic risk measures were analysed using regression models. The median proportion of UPF intake from high whole-grain foods was zero for all quintiles. Participants in the highest Nova UPF intake quintile had significantly higher weight (78·1 kg (0·6)), BMI (27·2 kg/m2 (0·2)), waist circumference (92·7 cm (0·5)) and weight-to-height ratio (0·55 (0·003)) compared with the lowest quintile (P< 0·05). Associations were the same when foods with ≥ 25 and ≥ 50 % whole grains were excluded. Adjusted R-squared values remained similar across all approaches for all outcomes. In Australia, high whole-grain foods considered UPF may not significantly contribute to deleterious cardiometabolic risk associations. Until conclusive evidence on Nova UPF is available, prioritisation should be given to the nutrient density of high whole-grain foods and their potential contribution to improving whole-grain intakes and healthful dietary patterns in Australia.

Whole-grain intake is associated with reduced risk of non-communicable diseases. Greater understanding of major food sources of whole grains globally, and how intake has been quantified, is essential to informing accurate strategies aiming to increase consumption and reduce non-communicable disease risk. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify the primary food sources of whole-grain intake globally and explore how they are quantified and reported within literature, and their recommendation within respective national dietary guidelines. A structured scoping review of published articles and grey literature used a predefined search strategy across electronic databases. Data were extracted and summarised based on identified outcomes (e.g. primary sources of whole-grain intake and quantification methods). Dietary intake values were noted where available. Thirteen records across twenty-four countries identified bread and bread rolls, and ready-to-eat cereals as primary sources of whole-grain intake in Australia, New Zealand, Europe, the UK and Northern America. Elsewhere, sources vary and for large parts of the world (e.g. Africa and Asia), intake data are limited or non-existent. Quantification of whole grain also varied across countries, with some applying different whole-grain food definitions, resulting in a whole-grain intake based on only consumption of select ‘whole-grain’ foods. National dietary guidelines were consistent in promoting whole-grain intake and providing examples of country-specific whole-grain foods. Consistency in whole-grain calculation methods is needed to support accurate and comparative research informing current intake evidence and promotional efforts. National dietary guidelines are consistent in promoting whole-grain intake; however, there is variability in recommendations.

Deploying novel COVID-19 therapies proved challenging amid rapidly evolving data, drug shortages, and conflicting guidelines. We established a remdesivir formulary restriction remdesivir to promote its evidence-based use. This intervention led to changes in remdesivir utilization patterns and cost savings. Formulary restrictions can play an important role in pandemic preparedness and response.

Given a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$ and an integer $r$, we say that a graph is $r$-Ramsey for $\mathcal{F}$ if any $r$-colouring of its edges admits a monochromatic copy of a graph from $\mathcal{F}$. The threshold for the classic Ramsey property, where $\mathcal{F}$ consists of one graph, in the binomial random graph was located in the celebrated work of Rödl and Ruciński.

In this paper, we offer a twofold generalisation to the Rödl–Ruciński theorem. First, we show that the list-colouring version of the property has the same threshold. Second, we extend this result to finite families $\mathcal{F}$, where the threshold statements might also diverge. This also confirms further special cases of the Kohayakawa–Kreuter conjecture. Along the way, we supply a short(-ish), self-contained proof of the $0$-statement of the Rödl–Ruciński theorem.

Coronavirus disease 2019 can be indistinguishable from lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) caused by other viral and bacterial agents. This likely contributed to antimicrobial use (AU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during the pandemic. Our antimicrobial stewardship program targeted the selection and duration of therapy for LRTIs and led to a reduction in AU and AMR.

In recent years, there has been an alarming increase in both proposed and enacted legislation that targets diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives within higher education and organizations. These laws aim to dismantle protections and support for vulnerable individuals and groups. In this focal article, we provide an overview of the motives driving these anti-DEI legislative initiatives and categorize the laws based on the type of restrictions they impose: (a) reduction in knowledge, (b) reduction in access, and (c) reduction in support. Next, we discuss the consequences these anti-DEI laws yield for individuals, organizations, and society at large and provide an overview of how individuals and organizations may counteract these regressive policies. Last, we conclude with a call to action for I-O psychologists to investigate and call attention to the consequences of anti-DEI laws for recruitment and selection, well-being and safety of minoritized individuals, organizational reputation, and organizational performance and profits.

Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are commonly used without indication and contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We implemented a syndrome-based stewardship intervention in a community hospital that targeted common infectious syndromes and antipseudomonal beta-lactam (APBL) use. Our intervention successfully reduced AMR, C. difficile rates, use of APBLs, and cost.

Biodesign is a relatively new interdisciplinary field, which has grown rapidly over the last decade (as evidenced for example by the growth in student teams entering the Biodesign Challenge from 9 in 2016 to 52 in 2024).

Overuse of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) can lead to idle central line (CL) days and increased risk for CL-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). We established a midline prioritization initiative at a safety-net community hospital. This initiative led to possible CLABSI avoidance and a decline in PICC use.

Cultures from urinary catheters are often ordered without indication, leading to possible misdiagnosis of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), increasing antimicrobial use, and C difficile. We implemented a diagnostic stewardship intervention for urine cultures from catheters in a community hospital that led to a reduction in cultures and CAUTIs.

The structures of one synthetic and two natural chlorites of the chlinochlore type were explored using X-ray diffraction, magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Rietveld refinements indicated that all structures are of the trioctahedral ordered IIb polytype. Mössbauer spectra provided the ratio IIFe/IIIFe but gave no evidence for the presence of IIIFe in the brucite-like sheet. We also report unit-cell parameters, Mössbauer isomeric shifts, Si NMR chemical shifts as well as 27Al isotropic shifts and quadrupolar coupling parameters. Very broad 29Si NMR peaks from the natural samples prevented us from obtaining accurate information on the Si-Al ordering in the tetrahedral sheets; the limitations of 29Si NMR as applied to natural chlorites are discussed. High-resolution 3QMAS NMR resolved the 27Al signal of the M4 octahedral site in the brucite-like sheet from the other three Al signals of crystallographically inequivalent octahedral positions.

This article examines a cohort of post–World War II temperance activists who attempted to legally curtail the circulation of advertisements for liquor, wine, and beer. These activists, who were primarily associated with Protestant church and lay organizations, pressured lawmakers to hold multiple Senate hearings for a series of bills that would prevent any media bearing enticements to purchase alcoholic beverages from moving across state lines. The proposed legislation not only threatened the growth of alcoholic beverage industries, it also took aim at the media makers and advertising firms that endorsed and benefited from the sale of liquor, wine, and beer. This article explores the under-studied archives of the mid-century temperance movement—including the transcripts of their Senate hearings, the minutes of their organizing meetings, the mail they sent to media makers, and their published pamphlets—to illuminate their antagonistic approach to the ballooning world of mass media. I argue that efforts to censure liquor advertising were efforts to discipline and censure the communications industry elites whose products increasingly defined daily life. While many histories describe the Christian actors who took mass media by storm, this article highlights those who situated themselves as a moral check on the perceived excesses of mid-century mass culture.