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This chapter examines the tale of Atlantis, the second story the merchants tell Heinrich, which makes up the whole of Chapter 3. It uncovers the symbolism of the tale as an early presentation of the idea that poetry has a unifying power that can bring about wholeness in the world. The central characters of the tale, the young forest-dweller, his father, the Princess of Atlantis, and her father, the King of Atlantis, all prefigure characters that will re-emerge later in the novel. The tale ends with a scene of recollection that embodies the idea of a new Golden Age central to Novalis’s work.
This chapter approaches the anthropology of death through the example of the lasting sociopolitical and material effects of what the Vietnamese know as the “American War” and the US as the “Vietnam War.” Specifically, we examine the conjoined legacies of missing war dead and the chronic ecological-physiological systems of damage so firmly fixed in the two countries’ often clashing but unavoidably tethered narratives of reparation and normalization. Death in this case tells two stories: one about formerly warring states and how they use the dead – namely, their respective and mutually exclusive sets of missing combatant dead – to advance postwar geopolitical interests on the global stage, and a second, about the necropolitical “drift” of toxins, mutations, and irreparably harmed bodies and psyches that unfolds in the shadow of state-centered narratives. Juxtaposing ethnographic insights from our respective fieldwork, we illustrate how destruction endures, vivifying the past – not just figuratively through postwar geopolitical narratives and memories of the absent but also within the physical bodies of the survivors and the tainted ecologies that surface in war’s wake.
This chapter investigates the architecture of belonging by examining how built environments can foster genuine emotional connection and a sense of place. Drawing insights from a Melbourne-based panel hosted by Six Degrees Architects, it explores how planners, developers, and architects can design precincts that nurture a profound sense of belonging. Emphasising the importance of emotional wellbeing and ecological sustainability, the discussion integrates Indigenous perspectives on place and custodianship, contrasting them with human-centric Western planning practices. Case studies, including Melbourne’s Public Office precinct, Canberra’s Dairy Road, and Hobart’s In the Hanging Garden precinct, illustrate creative strategies for revitalising urban spaces through adaptive reuse, community engagement, and landscape-led design. The chapter underscores the need to prioritise values of Country in architectural and urban-planning processes, advocating systemic change in procurement and planning practices, fostering authentic engagement, and promoting reconciliation through the collaborative stewardship of the built environment.
This chapter explores how public policy shapes healthy neighbourhoods and communities by addressing place as a fundamental determinant of health and wellbeing. It outlines a causation framework emphasising the interplay of biological, social, economic, historical, and environmental determinants, highlighting how places significantly influence health through material, psychosocial, biological, and behavioural pathways. Central to this discussion is the role of intersectoral public policies and multisectoral collaboration, particularly through the ‘Health in All Policies’ (HiAP) approach, to address complex societal issues across multiple domains, including housing, transport, employment, social infrastructure, and public spaces. The chapter introduces the ‘Place in All Policies’ (PiAP) model, adapting HiAP by emphasising community-driven, ecological, and culturally responsive governance frameworks. It concludes that effective policy must recognise and incorporate local and Indigenous knowledge, fostering community engagement and integrated policy frameworks to enhance the health, resilience, and sustainability of communities.
This chapter explores the complexities and responsibilities of allyship in planning and placemaking, emphasising the critical importance of adopting a Country-centred approach. Reflecting on personal experiences as a non-Indigenous planner, the author highlights the necessity of confronting the colonial roots of land-use planning in Australia and embracing a more inclusive, two-way model of planning that incorporates Indigenous perspectives and values. Drawing on collaborative experiences with Indigenous colleagues and communities, the chapter identifies practical strategies for systemic change, including building team capacity, developing Country-informed principles, and addressing power imbalances in project governance. The author argues for a courageous and humble approach to allyship, urging non-Indigenous Australians to actively participate in truth-telling, reconciliation, and the healing of Country. Ultimately, the chapter advocates for a transformative shift towards inter-cultural practice, promoting a sustainable and equitable future grounded in mutual respect and shared responsibility for Country.
This chapter addresses the book’s central themes by presenting practical strategies to strengthen quality of life in Indigenous communities. Drawing on psychology, community health, Indigenous governance, and urban planning, it emphasises the importance of strong connections to Country in supporting wellbeing and healing from historical dislocation and intergenerational trauma. Using the Ngarluma Yindjibarndi Foundation Ltd. (NYFL) Strategic Plan as a case study, the chapter demonstrates how Indigenous leadership and decision-making are vital to community-driven change. It shows how NYFL can apply culturally grounded approaches from this book to enhance local liveability. Innovative data-sovereignty partnerships and ‘two-way’ knowledge frameworks illustrate the potential of integrating Indigenous and Western perspectives. Together, these strategies support communities to reclaim place, culture, and Country. The chapter ultimately provides actionable pathways for fostering resilience and sustainable wellbeing, reinforcing the book’s overarching purpose of bridging worldviews to create more liveable and inclusive futures.
Fairness norms operate in virtually every area of social endeavor. There are several common behavioral responses to exchanges between social actors. Exploitation and retaliation, both of which are threats to fairness, are closely associated with narcissism. Other behavioral responses include cooperation, reciprocity, acquiescence, withdrawal, and altruism. Social movements such as Black Lives Matter and #MeToo are collective responses to profound unfairness.
Recent advances in healthcare and rising life expectancy intensify longevity risk, motivating a deeper understanding of how cause-of-death (COD) rates interact. Using male COD data from 1978 to 2018 in the United States, we develop a copula-based hierarchical framework for seven major causes: cancer, diabetes, external causes, influenza, mental disorders, nephritis, and vascular disease. The framework integrates reconciliation, hierarchical dependence, and long-run equilibrium using a Lee–Carter (LC) setting. More specifically, the LC period indices are estimated under reconciliation penalties and are modeled through a sparse vector error correction model, with dependence captured by a hierarchical Archimedean copula. Two applications illustrate the value of our approach. In out-of-sample forecasting, the framework outperforms the standard LC model by improving the accuracy of aggregate mortality rates. In structural analysis, fitted connectedness reveals that diabetes and vascular disease act as net transmitters of mortality shocks, while cancer and external causes are net receivers. These insights help actuaries, demographers, clinicians, and policymakers enhance mortality forecasting to assess whether prioritizing government interventions for high-transmission causes could potentially maximize overall mortality improvements for society.
The exiles in the so-called ‘Themistocles Decree’ from Troezen are universally identified with the ostracized who, according to the Athenaion Politeia, were recalled due to Xerxes’ invasion. This identification should be questioned. If the document is a forgery (as is now widely believed), it need not correspond with all available information. The decree’s language suggests instead that, in its author’s mind, the exiles had collectively been in exile for ten years when he thought they returned. Some speculation is offered about their possible identification within the context of fourth-century historiography.
Erasure codes find various applications: Each of those puts different constraints on the erasure code, for example, on the blocklength, code rate, decoding complexity, or number of decoding operations. This chapter discusses some of them.
This article introduces theories of populism and empty signifiers to Canadian Indigenous studies. Canadian populist politics may serve to marginalize Indigenous actors and lead them to feel misrepresented within related social movements. These movements commonly develop empty signifiers, which are vague terms that mean different things to different political actors, but help to unite a “people.” Indigenous resistance movements can make strategic use of empty signifiers to build populist or non-populist social movements that challenge colonial institutions. I argue that any such movement would require careful strategizing between Indigenous and other social movements to ensure that Indigenous priorities are not marginalized.
Similar to pipelines used in oil and gas development, telecommunications networks of cable, satellite, fibre optic and wireless infrastructure extend deep into Indigenous territories as a form of “extractivism” (Greer, 2019). These developments raise barriers to substantive reconciliation between settler states, corporations and Indigenous peoples. Yet despite important analyses of corporate policy discourses regarding how natural resource extraction impacts reconciliation, there are few studies of such rhetoric in the context of telecommunications. In this article we analyse publicly available “reconciliation” policies of four commercial telecommunications providers. Drawing from theories of reconciliation and extractivism, we find these policies strategically constrain symbolic and material understandings of reconciliation in ways that support the status quo and prioritize profit accumulation and symbolic partnerships over substantive reconciliation. Existing corporate reconciliation frameworks fail to recognize the desires of Indigenous peoples for self-determination over digital infrastructures in ways that might improve—and ideally, transform—their relationships with telecommunications providers.
The interpretation of Hegelian theodicy that has emerged over previous chapters finally allows us to understand Hegel’s accusation that Leibnizian theodicy is undermined by its ‘abstract’ and ‘indeterminate’ categories. As Hegel’s fuller discussion of Leibniz’s theodicy shows, the root of the problem is that his theodicy is afflicted by two kinds of ‘arbitrariness’: first, Leibniz’s application of axiological criteria to worldly instances eludes rational comprehension; second, Leibniz simply presupposes those criteria, with the result that the mutual implication of good and evil remains an unexplained given. Hegel’s own theodical enterprise, however, is not without its internal tensions. Following through on the logic of Hegel’s theodicy as geared towards effecting reconciliation means seeing it as effecting a break with the juridical model found in Kant and Leibniz: the goal of justification must be renounced not as unrealisable, but as misconceived. Nevertheless, Hegel’s own presentations of the goal of his philosophy frequently betrays a justificatory ambition that marks a fundamental continuity with his predecessors, seemingly invoking a teleological logic, whereby history can be measured by an absolute end or standard. The ultimate assessment of Hegelian theodicy turns, in large part, on whether this should be understood as rhetoric or rationale.
This chapter begins with an interpretation of the final sections of the ‘Spirit’ chapter of the Phenomenology. Here, Hegel diagnoses the paradoxes of Kantian theodicy before going on to elaborate, in a highly allegorical idiom, how he envisages overcoming the dichotomy between divine and human standpoints that plagued his Leibnizian and Kantian predecessors. By developing the thesis that evil is a structural possibility of rational self-conscious, the culminating dialectic of ‘conscience’ posits an essential relation between human freedom and the historicity of the good; the ideal of conscience, of a unity between natural and ethical wills, is their continually coming apart. The chapter then moves away from the Phenomenology to elaborate the resulting picture of Hegelian theodicy in its own terms, drawing also on Hegel’s preface to his Philosophy of Right. Hegelian theodicy stands revealed as reconciling us to reality by fulfilling a primarily diagnostic function, resolving our theodical puzzlement by explaining its mistaken, but intelligible, origins. To bring out the specificity of this view of Hegel’s project, the chapter ends by contrasting it with two recent alternatives, Michael Rosen’s ‘right Hegelian’ and Robert Brandom’s ‘left Hegelian’ interpretations.
Political apologies have become an important tool for addressing historical injustices, yet their effectiveness—especially in international contexts—remains debated. Prior scholarship has highlighted the limitations of simple verbal apologies and emphasized the importance of tangible and observable measures. What remains unclear, however, is why such measures enhance sincerity. I argue that their effectiveness hinges on the extent to which they are perceived as requiring effort in crafting and delivering apologies. This study examines whether—and if so, how—perceived effort shapes evaluations of sincerity, drawing on two pre-registered survey experiments in South Korea that used the same survey instrument and vignette treatments, in which respondents evaluated apologies issued by Japan for its colonial rule. The results demonstrate that apologies accompanied by concrete reparative measures are perceived as involving greater effort, which in turn elevates both credibility and sincerity. These findings underscore the importance of designing political apologies that are both symbolically meaningful and visibly effortful in international historical disputes.
This chapter details the vital role of Indigenous trade and investment in promoting sustainable development. Firstly, it discusses the prerequisite for Indigenous trade, emphasizing a nation-building approach centred on the significance of robust tribal infrastructure. The chapter then addresses the barriers hindering Indigenous inter-tribal trade, including state, or provincial interference in tribal jurisdiction, poor tribal governance, Canada’s failure to honour its Jay Treaty obligations, the lack of Indigenous foreign trade zones, the exclusion of Indigenous traditional knowledge (TK) from intellectual property (IP) regimes, and historical challenges in trade financing. Additionally, the chapter explores Indigenous trade and commerce engagements with non-Indigenous enterprises, both with and without federal permission, highlighting the implications, challenges, and opportunities involved. By examining these aspects, the chapter advocates for empowering Indigenous nations through trade and investment, fostering economic opportunities while preserving cultural heritage, and working towards sustainable development by creating a strong economic baseline.
This chapter presents a case study of Canada, examining the intricate relationship between Indigenous peoples and the developments related to British, then Canadian, governance. It begins by exploring the historical and legal context within which Indigenous peoples exist in Canada, tracing the impact of colonization and the recognition of Indigenous rights. The chapter then investigates the potential for affirming these rights through treaties and trade agreements, highlighting the role of treaties in recognizing and protecting Indigenous rights and the opportunities and challenges presented by trade agreements for Indigenous economic development and self-determination. It further analyses the Canadian government’s efforts to domestically enforce the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and the intersection of Canadian treaties with trade agreements. This chapter emphasizes the importance of ongoing dialogue, collaboration, and the implementation of measures aligned with UNDRIP principles to foster the recognition, empowerment, and well-being of Indigenous peoples within the Canadian context.
This chapter brings in the complexities of the intersection between renewable resources, sustainable development, and Indigenous treaty law. It begins by examining international guidance for renewable energy sources and their role in achieving sustainability objectives. This chapter then delves into the principles and rules governing sustainable forestry practices, fisheries management, and energy development. It highlights the importance of international agreements, protocols, and treaties in promoting responsible resource management, conservation, and the recognition of Indigenous rights and knowledge. By considering these principles and rules within the context of Indigenous treaty law, it highlights the need for harmonious and inclusive approaches to renewable resource use in the age of sustainable development. It underlines the significance of collaboration, respect for Indigenous knowledge, and the integration of sustainability principles to ensure a balanced and equitable relationship between renewable resources, Indigenous rights, and sustainable development.
Deliberative and agonistic democrats have conceived of political reconciliation and its pursuit in different forms. In this article, I explore how insight can be derived from key tenets of both strands of democratic theory in the struggle to achieve political reconciliation in war-torn or divided contexts. Rather than subsume disagreement or straitjacket it in processes of “rational” deliberation, I propose contingent, open-ended, but inclusive contestation to achieve political reconciliation. This article explores how the deliberative “right to justification,” set out by critical theorist Rainer Forst, can be put to work in an agonistic politics of reconciliation. I want to show that deliberation over the right to justification and the corollary duty to justify constitute conjoined means of consensus-seeking that can be contingent and fluid and can account for entrenched relations of power and inequality—two dynamics that deliberative theorists have been accused of deflecting or obscuring.
Chapter 5 explores bottom-up diasporic state-building through the case study of the Swedish diaspora, which largely worked outside the structures of the state through civil society and grass-roots mobilisation. It firstly contextualises diasporic activity within Sweden’s foreign policy stance towards Iraq and how this shaped and limited mobilisation in 2003. The chapter later demonstrates how the Swedish diaspora organisations were able to influence Swedish policymakers and institute diaspora co-development projects in Iraq through Sweden’s development agency and Sweden’s democratic tradition. It also uncovers the challenges these endeavours faced in the context of conflict and insecurity in Iraq. In later years, the diaspora was able to initiate other initiatives such as the Diaspora Initiative for National Reconciliation and Dialogue, which attempted to reconcile Iraq’s fractious politics by bringing together opposing political factions in Iraq to talk and find common ground. Finally, the chapter reflects on how Iraq’s fragmented state-building has empowered majorities and disempowered minorities both in Iraq and in the diaspora, drawing attention to the way power is also distributed transnationally and how this has altered connections and mobilisation towards Iraq.