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The Psychopath and the Twentieth-Century American Novel examines the psychopath as a new kind of monster. Frederick Whiting reads novels – ranging from pulp fiction to belles lettres – that draw on science, law, and popular journalism to try to explain this threatening new creature. Through these readings, this book uncovers the ways in which the figure of the psychopath that populated so many twentieth-century American novels expressed cultural anxieties about sexuality, race, gender, and class – even as the psychopath marked the shifting boundaries of the category of 'the human.' Whiting offers an interdisciplinary analysis showing how literature, science, law, and popular journalism inform each other. Ultimately, he concludes, this episode in the genealogy of monstrosity amounts to a transformation in the evolving concept of the monstrous itself – from a violation of our nature to a violation of our narratives.
How is the authority of law challenged by digital technologies? Is the digitisation of law an appropriate means to achieve legal impartiality? This book provides an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the impact of the ongoing digital transformation of legal systems. Digital law differs from traditional law in that it relies on decision-support software and networked databases. Such mechanisms must be understood not only in technical terms but also in their social and historical dimensions: the computational foundations of digital law should be situated within the long history of the mechanisation of writing. Digitalisation constitutes a graphic revolution which, in the legal domain, transforms the very conditions of impartiality. Whereas the legality of traditional legal systems is grounded in territorial sovereignty, digital law is no longer anchored in a sovereign territory. It not only increasingly transcends established borders, but also dispenses with the spatial embeddedness that has underpinned legal authority. Digital legality must therefore be reconceptualised to consider how automated systems may be integrated into the social space within which law operates.
In this fascinating history of European federalism during the 1920s and 1930s, Rebecca Shriver uncovers a surprising grassroots phenomenon. Moving beyond the familiar story of elite male intellectuals, she reveals how women and feminist activists in the Pan-European Union, the New Europe Group, and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom shaped new visions for a united Europe. These organizations imagined a continental federation that prioritized cooperation, reconciliation, and individualism-qualities they associated with women's leadership. By reframing the failures of the nation-state as products of 'man-made' systems, they offered alternatives grounded in gendered ideas of peace. Drawing on rich archival research, this study challenges conventional narratives of European integration and demonstrates the central role of women in its intellectual foundations. Both timely and provocative, it speaks to enduring debates on democracy, polarization, and international cooperation that continue to resonate today.
In 1616, Spanish officials in Acapulco watched nervously as a Japanese galleon arrived uninvited—the third such vessel in a decade. In an important challenge to accepted narratives of isolation and insularity, Joshua Batts reveals the surprising story of Tokugawa Japan's repeated attempts to establish direct trade with Spanish America. Though ultimately unsuccessful, these attempts flip the script about which societies sought to expand the geography of encounter in the early modern world. Early Tokugawa Japan emerges as an assertive polity whose ambitious outreach threatened Spanish prerogative in the Pacific and provoked a guarded response from a global empire. Based on archival sources from Japan, Spain, Italy, and the Vatican City, Batts reconstructs a tale of shipwrecks, political manoeuvring and cultural collision that stretches from Edo to Rome. The unique blend of adventure and foreign encounter redefines our understanding of the opportunities for, and obstacles to, early modern globalization.
The first of its kind, this book ethnographically examines mother tongue, a pervasive concept in South Asian social life, yet one that is rarely questioned in policy and educational institutions. In recent education policy, the Indian government advocates for mother tongue education but makes little mention of English despite its centrality at all levels of education. Through interviews with students at three Indian higher educational institutions, the authors analyze how the recent policy recommendations resonate with students' understandings and usage of language. Presenting the notion of language ideology in an engaging and accessible manner, this book highlights the changing views and attitudes toward mother tongue in light of the increased desire to learn English. It also stresses the importance of students' voices in the critique of language and education policy. It is essential reading for scholars and students of language policy, multilingual education, linguistic and cultural anthropology, and South Asian studies.
Taking a new look at some widely accepted analyses of such syntactic patterns as minimality, head-movement, and LF, this book offers alternative theories while still working within the general Universal Grammar framework. It is the first of its kind to present an explicit and candid examination of how Motivated Reasoning (MR), the psychological tendency to substitute emotional reward for cold reasoning, affects the formulation and assessment of new ideas. Actual cases are used to illustrate the role of MR in the (subconscious) collection and interpretation of language data, and the association of such practices with theorization. It is also highlighted that the relation between MR and independent thinking is a double-edged sword, capable of either suppressing ideas not 'to one's taste' or facilitating the formulation of new ideas unique to each individual researcher. Covering a range of technical and meta-theoretical topics, this book is essential reading for theoretical syntacticians.
Research in the Cloud reimagines how students learn behavioral research methods by focusing on active, project-based learning. This innovative textbook is built around 'CLABs' (Classroom-Laboratory hybrids) that integrate theoretical concepts with hands-on projects, allowing students to learn by doing. It provides dozens of research activities using real data collected from over 2,500 online participants, with all materials, datasets, and analysis instructions available on the Open Science Framework. The book guides students through a four-step progression, from understanding concepts to analyzing real data, engaging in guided research, and creating their own original studies. It incorporates the latest technology, including AI tools for tasks like creating measurement scales, and modern challenges like data quality in online research. This approach helps students to develop a comprehensive portfolio of skills, from statistical analysis to conducting randomized experiments and writing up their research findings. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This revised and updated edition of the definitive history of the French Wars of Religion explains why they were fought and how peace was finally restored after two generations of fighting. Since the publication of the second edition in 2005, recent scholarship has challenged traditional ideas of how the wars started and has included new research on peace-making, memory studies, and the international dimensions of the conflict. Mack P. Holt offers a fresh narrative which incorporates these ideas, while continuing to make this complicated series of civil wars understandable and accessible to readers. Holt explores why France become divided by a civil war fought between both professional armies and civilians, why French elites believed that a simple policy of repression could succeed against the growth of Protestantism, and how peaceful coexistence between the two confessions was eventually established after nearly four decades of war. As a result, this study remains an essential introduction for both students and general readers.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the fight against financial crime, but how can it be deployed responsibly? In answer to that question, this book provides a comprehensive roadmap that integrates legal clarity, ethical guidance, and operational strategies on AI governance. Leveraging the EU's AI Act, national legal instruments and comparative insights, the book examines the challenges of AI governance and offers practical tools for bias mitigation, explainability, accountability, and risk management. The book's use of real-world case studies and contributions from academics and practitioners – including experts with law enforcement experience – enables scholars, students, and professionals in disciplines such as law, criminology, finance, and policing to bridge theory and practice. This makes it an indispensable resource for research, teaching, and professional training. Whether you are shaping policy, implementing compliance frameworks, or exploring AI's role in fighting financial crime, this book provides the roadmap you need to balance innovation and responsibility. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
What can disability teach us about knowledge, art, and community? Jonathan Hsy explores this question through medieval writings, bringing their authors' voices into conversation with crip theory and activist-oriented disability studies. Discussing major European writers Julian of Norwich, Margery Kempe, Thomas Hoccleve, John Gower, and Teresa de Cartagena – alongside non-European authors Ibn Battuta, Bai Juyi, and Shangguan Wan'er – Hsy reveals the remarkable global variety of disability life writing in the period. Across genres – spiritual visions, lyric poetry, and travel narratives – medieval authors craft inventive ways to theorize their own experiences of blindness, deafness, mobility, aging, and mental and chronic illness. Challenging social stigma and systems of marginalization, these writers offer – Hsy shows – compelling insights into language, time, gender, and bodies in perpetual transformation. Their voices from the past remain urgent today, teaching us about the dynamic relationship between mind, body, and spirit, and the power of storytelling to create social change.
This innovative study of material culture demonstrates how, through objects, fabrics and fashion, empire was brought into homes, plantations, and institutions across the British Atlantic world in the period from 1660 to 1820. Beverly Lemire illuminates how the British empire was defined by new material norms, from the soapy world of endless whitewashing to the Black servants who became travelling fashion-makers as they journeyed along imperial networks. A trouser-wearing vogue transformed genteel male attire, sparked by glorification of navy sailors, and dressing up for masquerade balls became a powerful form of hierarchical imperial propaganda. Through this largely bottom-up study, Lemire explores practices from Britain to northern North America, the Caribbean to India, foregrounding the importance this unsettling heritage. Breaking down geographical boundaries, she brings this global history to life through the stories of diverse subaltern populations who have left a vibrant legacy of creativity and resistance.
This Companion explores the relationship between American literature and the Cold War. It shows how American writers offered critical depictions of social conformism amid the Cold War drive for consensus and McCarthyite persecution during the Eisenhower years. From the formal experiments of Beat and Black Mountain writers and the countercultural politics of the New Left to the postmodernism of the Reagan era, literature oscillated between tropes of 'freedom,' aligned with the Western geopolitical imagination, and 'constraint,' associated with supposedly totalitarian communist regimes. Writers also confronted the threats of nuclear annihilation, environmental crisis, and US imperial overreach. Influenced by the Civil Rights movement, marginalized communities developed literary practices that articulated resistance and demands for liberation, often in solidarity with global anti-colonial struggles. Work associated with second-wave feminism, the Black Arts Movement, American Indian and Chicano/a renaissances, and gay and lesbian movements challenged both the ideological certainties and representational conventions of the liberal status quo.
What sorts of beings have moral status, mattering morally for their own sake? Is tradition right to favor human beings or persons? Are progressive views right to include not only animals but insentient life? Might brain organoids or AI acquire moral status? In this book, David DeGrazia presents a thorough investigation of this topic. After introducing the concept of moral status and seven criteria for evaluating competing accounts, he examines humanism, personhood-based accounts, and progressive alternatives that focus on life, agency, and sentience. He contends that any viable account will have sentience at its core, and sketches three ethical theories that build from this core in distinct ways. He then explores implications for meat-eating, animal research, human-animal chimeras, brain organoids, and AI. His novel and philosophically penetrating exploration will be of strong interest to moral philosophers, scientists, and policymakers.
Throughout Islamic history, Muslim jurists have prohibited sex between men. Yet, this prohibition was not based solely on scriptural commands. Tracing a genealogy of Muslim discourses across the first five centuries of Islam, this study situates liwāṭ within wider debates about the body, gender, morality, medicine, and religion. Sara Omar examines changing interpretations of the Lot narrative, the evolution of ḥadīth traditions, and the gradual formation of Islamic legal frameworks. Through close readings of legal, exegetical, medical, and ethical texts, the book uncovers deep disagreements over evidence, authority, culpability, and punishment, revealing a tradition marked by contestation rather than consensus. Omar engages Jewish, Christian, and Hellenic intellectual legacies to shows how early Muslims negotiated the boundaries of nature, desire, and the permissible. Accessible yet analytically rigorous, the book offers new perspectives on Islamic law, sexual ethics, and the historical roots of contemporary debates.
Lawgiving in the Ancient Near East offers a comprehensive study on the enactment of law from the mid-third to mid-first millennium BCE. Unlike the biblical tradition, whereby all law emanates from Israel's divine sovereign, ancient Near Eastern kings were the most common agents to assume the moniker of 'lawgiver'. Their unrivaled access to the higher moral order of justice granted them a 'functional divinity' in the eyes of their subjects. Considering key theories about the origin, nature, and function of law, Dylan Johnson analyzes the world's earliest legal collections, not as isolated objects, but within the context of the legal regimes from which they emerge. His study offers new insights into the prevailing regimes and royal and elite justice as reflected in these collections. Questioning the assumption that lawgiving was a coercive attempt to monopolize legal authority, Johnson also develops new explanations that reveal the subjects of the law as social agents who helped construct and maintain legal power.
The Cambridge History of Irish Poetry is a one-volume, multi-authored history of the poetic traditions on the island of Ireland and their relation to the courses of poetry beyond its shores. It attends to the crucial developments in the history of Irish poetry as well as the social, political, and cultural conditions underlying those developments, including the complex position of poets in Ireland during different historical eras. Individual chapters describe the ways in which formal, aesthetic, and compositional practices were inflected by political and social structures; provide expert accounts of the institutional and textual histories that have shaped the body of Irish poetry as we have it; and highlight the tradition's major texts, writers, and formations. Unparalleled in scope and depth, this book offers the most comprehensive and authoritative critical account of the Irish poetic tradition.
Regime transitions often raise expectations for sweeping policy change-yet those expectations are not always realized. Focusing on the mechanisms linking regime type and policy, Policy in Transition explains how, and under which conditions, policy changes are likely to occur after a regime transition. Whether policies change depends on how the transition reshapes the space for contestation and on the visibility of the policy in question. This finding argument is supported through an in-depth comparative historical analysis of the evolution of housing and financial policies across regime types changes in Argentina and Brazil since the 1960s. Drawing on extensive archival materials, public records, historical media, and interviews with key actors, the book studies policymaking across different authoritarian and democratic regimes providing nuanced insights into the relationship between political regimes and policy change.
We are living in an increasingly polarized political world. Partisans routinely view members of opposing political parties as out-of-touch, stupid, crazy, or even evil. This book calls for the creation of a more collaborative democracy to bridge these divides. It does so by noting that modern democracy is based primarily on adversarial practices – we seek to solve political problems through debating, campaigning, and voting. Drawing on an 18-month study, Michael F. Mascolo shows how individuals with opposing beliefs were able to use the principles and practices of conflict resolution to address three contentious socio-political issues: school dress codes, capital punishment, and race relations involving the police. Their success illustrates how collaborative problem-solving can generate genuine, shared solutions to seemingly intractable problems, offering insights for scholars and practitioners seeking to reduce polarization and strengthen democratic life. An essential read for researchers, politicians, and policy makers interested in resolving political polarization.