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Maximilien Robespierre was one of the most important politicians and political thinkers of the French Revolution, both celebrated and reviled. His speeches reveal elaborate and important political theories and are all the more important because he did not write a political treatise or core text. This volume offers the fullest and most scholarly edition in English of a wide array of Robespierre's revolutionary speeches from 1789 to his death in 1794. Edited with an introduction by leading scholars in the field, Colin Jones and Stephen W. Sawyer, the collection provides the resources for an in-depth exploration of Robespierre's political thought. Robespierre's speeches throw new light on the ideas and actions of the political figure of the French Revolution who has perhaps more than any other fascinated later generations.
Digital technologies are reorganizing economies, politics, crime, and international relations faster than existing theories can explain. Rather than treating these changes as separate phenomena, The Digital Revolution and Institutional Change offers a unified framework for understanding how digital innovation reshapes social organization across domains. Drawing on institutional economics, it shows how property rights, transaction costs, and incomplete mental models shape both the adoption of new technologies and society's often flawed responses to them. It argues that international contracting and collective action routinely fails to address the unintended consequences of technological progress and explains why these failures are not accidental but structural. Written by one of the world's foremost experts on New Institutional Economics, this book is the first to analyse the digital revolution from the perspective of the economics of institutions, reframing how we think about technological change in the digital age.
In 1773 Phillis Wheatley Peters became the first person of African descent to publish a book, when she was barely twenty years old, and still enslaved. Her book made her the earliest international celebrity of African descent, just a dozen years after she had been brought from Africa to America. She became the unofficial poet laureate of the American Revolution, only to die in poverty and relative obscurity in 1784. Recent biographical discoveries related to John Peters and Phillis Wheatley's marriage to him in 1778 have led to significant reassessments of her life and character. As the Cambridge Introduction to Phillis Wheatley Peters demonstrates, she has subsequently become recognized as a pioneer of American and African American literature. Her standing as a transnational literary figure is increasingly appreciated as criticism of her writings has become more sophisticated.
As global challenges continue to intensify, the need for psychology to meaningfully engage with today's most serious problems has never been clearer. This book demonstrates how the discipline can answer this call to action. Written by leading scholars, it offers a clear and comprehensive presentation of the theories and research that contribute to solving our most serious everyday world issues. Chapters explore extremism, polarization, and conflict; environmental and economic deterioration; systemic obstacles to adaptation; football disorder; the influence of AI on young people; weaknesses in STEM education; and the collapse of effective communication and dialogue. Together, these contributions provide both depth and breadth, showing how psychological science can illuminate and address the most pressing global concerns. Unifying these diverse topics into a coherent whole, the volume is an indispensable resource for students, academics, and professionals committed to applying psychology where it matters most.
Retail is transforming faster than ever, reshaped by technology, data, and shifting consumer expectations. High-Energy Retail provides a powerful framework for understanding this new landscape, blending accessible explanations with standout examples from Zara, Amazon, Nike, IKEA, Aldi, and more. Moving beyond traditional retail wisdom, it reveals how variety, freshness, supply, distribution, availability, interfaces, and experience combine to drive success. Each chapter delivers clear concepts, vivid stories, and actionable tools to help readers navigate complexity and make smarter decisions. Additional technical annexes provide rigorous yet approachable models to support business transformation. Written by an award-winning scholar and industry expert, this is the essential guide for managers, students, and researchers seeking to understand – and shape – the future of retail.
Multiracial youth is the fastest growing demographic in the USA, yet current research has only offered limited perspectives on their identities, relationships, and development. This handbook bridges that gap by combining cutting-edge research with practical guidance to support Multiracial young people's unique experiences and encourage future inquiry. It features clear explanations for how “Multiracial” is defined and explores the identity development, cultural navigation, and social challenges of Multiracial youth and their families. Featuring multidisciplinary contributions from experts across psychology, family studies, and child development, the chapters synthesize past and current research while guiding the creation of supportive environments, addressing microaggressions, and advocating for equity and representation. The volume equips researchers and practitioners to empower Multiracial youth and promote understanding among peers, while also providing a vital framework highlighting the unique Multiracial experience. It is an essential resource for any educational or community setting seeking to cultivate a sense of belonging.
As pointed out by the editors of this unusual volume, studying the development of contemporary Spain is important to understand the challenges, dynamics and limits of political and economic modernization. The contributors of Twisted Modernization bring the theoretical and methodological toolkit of modern political economy to study Spain's long run economic (industrialization) and institutional (capacity, constitutions) processes, the evolution of its economic, political and judicial elites, and how the country's institutional legacies condition its democracy and economic outcomes to this day. Including work from over a dozen of well-known specialists and grounded in novel and systematic data, this volume provides a sober assessment of both the country's achievements and worrying future challenges. It offers key insights on the causes of democratization and growth in general and provides a model for further research on the trajectories of other countries. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This Element revisits the conceptual history of freedom and democracy in Cold War South Korea. Cold War liberalism is usually told as a North Atlantic story of defensive anti-communism, the 'liberalism of fear', and pluralist scepticism towards mass politics. Yet behind that veneer lay another face - the technocratic administrative state - that became dominant once Cold War liberalism reached the decolonising periphery under the rubric of 'modernisation'. Through a conceptual historical analysis, this Element traces how freedom and democracy were continually recombined with nationalism, developmentalism and diverse moral-economic registers, generating conceptual problematics the metropolitan tradition had rarely been compelled to confront. From the Founding Constitution through 'Korean-style democracy' to the minjung turn and democratic transition, Cold War Korea emerges not as belated reception but as a vantage from which liberalism's constitutive tensions become visible.
Throughout the greater Mediterranean world, the remains of Roman monuments can be found in cities and rural areas, displaying the range of architectural imagination and engineering prowess of the Roman Empire. This volume offers a comprehensive overview of architecture throughout the Roman realm. Providing historical context as it relates to key monuments, Fikret Yegül and Diane Favro explore Roman building construction and technology and emphasize how much the Roman architectural tradition owes to the achievements and traditions of indigenous peoples across three continents, leading to an insightful understanding of the concept of 'Romanization.' They also examine architecture in rural environments and buildings for all social classes and genders, while investigating how events and policies, as well as available technologies and materials, shaped design and the built environment. Clearly written and richly illustrated with over 400 images, this book offers a multi-dimensional overview of the Roman built environment and its unique architectural vision and perspective.
Floating solar farm technology is rapidly emerging as a powerful way to expand the provision of clean energy without using additional land. This book is the first comprehensive introduction to floating solar farms. Chapters are written by leading academics and practitioners who explore the connections between the technology, the environment, economics, and policy. This enables readers to understand the full project life cycle and how engineering, regulation, finance, and environmental constraints interact in practice, supporting better decisions across technical, policy, and investment contexts. The book analyses the development of, and challenges posed by, real projects in reservoirs, hydropower lakes, and coastal waters. It combines clear explanations of the technology with insights from the people who design, finance, and operate the solar farms. The book is ideal for students, researchers, engineers, consultants, policymakers, and industry professionals who need clear, reliable insights into how to plan, design, and deliver floating solar projects worldwide.
Theoretical research sometimes resembles panning for gold: the first to 'discover' a given subject can take their pick of any bold simplifying assumptions and mine all the good nuggets before the rest of us join in. Still, some beautiful exact results may lie just below the surface. Every now and then, they are uncovered through mathematical tours de force. Short of extraordinary mathematical skills, there is, fortunately, a third way towards successful analytical investigations: Asymptotics – the craft of treating limiting cases. This book is addressed to scientists and engineers from Masters level up who want to enrich their numerical investigations with analytical results. It provides strategies for obtaining approximate results when parameters become small or large. Built round a large number of examples, it demonstrates how the techniques apply to a variety of problems, by considering applications from areas as diverse as quantum mechanics, elasticity, electromagnetism and population dynamics.
Michelangelo's Gifts tells the story of the artist's most intimate relationships and his deepest political commitments in the last decades of his life. The first study in over forty years of his relationship with his beloved, Tommaso de' Cavalieri, and the first in English, it is also the first comprehensive investigation of Michelangelo's gift-giving practices. Maria Ruvoldt here examines the evolution of Michelangelo's gift-giving strategies and their meanings from 1532, when Michelangelo's introduction to Cavalieri initiated his most extensive cycle of gifts of drawings and poetry, to the artist's death in 1564, which was preceded by a series of politically motivated gifts, including large-scale sculptures. Ruvoldt argues that Michelangelo's gift-giving was a response to the forces that shaped his career. She demonstrates that we can locate the origins of contemporary ideas about artistic autonomy, celebrity, and what constitutes an authentic work of art through the history of the creation and reception of Michelangelo's gifts.
This book challenges the conventional narrative that the 1970s were a fundamental watershed between two seamless economic policy paradigms in postwar United Kingdom, Keynesianism and neoliberalism. Drawing on extensive archival research, José Tomás Labarca highlights heterogeneity and discontinuity in postwar economic policymaking rather than consensus. The book argues that there was no seamless Keynesian economic policy epoch, challenging widespread misconceptions about excessive government spending in the 1960s and 1970s to offer a novel interpretation of shrinking policy space in the 1970s. Centering the multidimensional politics of official knowledge, Labarca provides an original analysis of how conflicts between competing government elite coalitions drove fragmented policy change before and after the 1970s. While most research focuses exclusively on the politics of economic ideas, Fragmented Policy Change proves that not only economic but also organizational and bureaucratic ideas, processes, and interests influence the evolution of relatively (in)coherent policy regimes.
Most philosophical work on causation is divorced from scientific practice, but in this book David Papineau develops a metaphysical theory designed to provide a principled grounding for the science of causal inference. The book first introduces non-specialists to the techniques of causal inference, and then shows how the resulting theory can account for all aspects of causation. While Papineau draws on a wide range of scientific and philosophical sources, everything is explained from first principles and will be accessible to readers from all backgrounds. The resulting theory marks a new departure in the philosophy of causation, and will be of interest not only to philosophers but also to anybody interested in the statistical techniques that are widely used throughout science to analyse causal structures.
Moving beyond familiar discussions of ethnic conflict, this Handbook presents a bold rethinking of how language shapes identity, power, and violence. With contributions from leading scholars in linguistics, political science, and public policy, it presents global case studies alongside new analytic tools for the study of language and global politics. It introduces “language conflict” as a clearer and more useful framework-one that brings linguistic structure, institutional policy, and communicative inequality into focus. Split into four sections, chapters cover topics such as hate speech, language rights, transitional justice, education policy, and postcolonial literature, spanning contexts from Cameroon to Catalonia, and from Guatemala to Sri Lanka. Together, these chapters show how language is not simply a cultural marker, but a political force that shapes collective identities, nationalism, and resistance. It is essential reading for anyone interested in language policy, multilingual governance, and the deep entanglement of language with political life.
Many of the accounts of argumentation and deliberation available in the literature paint an overly idealized picture of these processes, assuming agents with no cognitive limitations and largely cooperative settings where all participants have a similar social standing and shared goals. This book breaks away from these idealized accounts; it investigates how reason and power interact in argumentative processes by focusing on the effects upon these processes of power differentials, conflicts of interests, and the cognitive limitations of human agents. It seeks to investigate the limits of discursive rationality, thus moderating unrestricted optimism on the power of reason, while also recognizing the important role that rational arguments play in various domains (science, politics, education). Its extensive use of real-life examples ensures that the analysis remain grounded in concrete situations, and facilitates the reader's understanding of the main theoretical framework developed throughout the book.
Attention to the body is an exciting emerging dimension of anthropological research. A collection of diverse conversations contributed by a global team of scholars, this Handbook is a state-of-the-field survey of the anthropology of the body, revealing dialogues between anthropological traditions that inform the study of the body. A focus on the body has animated subfields such as the anthropology of religion, medical anthropology, and the anthropology of performance, and rekindled interest in kinship and materiality. Chapters are organized around six central themes – flesh, motion, formation, knowledge, management, and entanglement – giving readers a holistic sense of the diverse analytical possibilities within the anthropology of the body. Showing the unique combinations that material and metaphorical aspects of the body take across different ethnographic and epistemic contexts, this Handbook is essential reading for students and scholars of social, cultural, and medical anthropology.
Charles Rivera's study offers the first substantive comparison of the theologies of Origen of Alexandria and Ephrem of Nisibis, two towering figures of early Christian literature. Tracing the distinct approaches to grace in Origen and Ephrem, he argues that Origen uses grace (Greek charis) as a technical term for the gifts of the Spirit, whereas Ephrem uses grace (Syriac taybuta) to encompass divine attributes like goodness, mercy, and generosity. Tracing these different ideas of grace across topics from providence to divinization to the last judgment, Rivera demonstrates that Origen and Ephrem do not merely have different understandings of a shared concept. Rather, they use a shared key term to refer to two distinct theological ideas. Rivera's comparison of Origen and Ephrem thus suggests a re-evaluation of the diversity of views of grace not only in the Patristic period but in the Christian tradition more broadly, prompting a reconsideration of long-held assumptions of Christian theology.
This book explores relations between medicine and empire in the Roman world. It charts Rome's accumulation of medical resources in the Republic, bound up with the acquisition of territory and power, and then reveals the redistribution of those resources as part of the larger project of imperial consolidation after Augustus. It demonstrates the ways in which medicine – ideas and practices around health, disease and healing – supported the Roman imperial enterprise. From the medical care of large enslaved workforces and Roman armies to the hierarchies of medical practitioners in communities across the empire and the ordering of health and bodies. Rome was the medical and political capital of the Mediterranean. It was also the disease capital, and the integration of imperial territory by the second century CE not only established a unified (but not uniform) medical culture but also helped the spread of disease, culminating in the Antonine Plague.