To save content items to your account,
please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies.
If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account.
Find out more about saving content to .
To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org
is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings
on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part
of your Kindle email address below.
Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations.
‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi.
‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
The digital age has afforded autocrats new technologies of control, allowing it to co-opt, pre-empt and repress dissent. But, what if they lack the technical capacity to access digital tools of control? In what ways have digital technologies altered the way autocratic states conduct statecraft? Based on an analysis of more than 3,000 public procurement documents, and a dozen elite interviews with various stakeholders, we found that the Chinese state has outsourced various functions of online surveillance to private and for-profit arms of state-owned corporations.We found that outsourcing surveillance is intended to augment state technical capacity to moderate and fine-tune the conduct of digital repression. Outsourcing digital repression opens up a pandora box of state-business collaborations in autocratic settings. This Element contributes to the literature on outsourcing repression, state‒business relations, and conduct of digital statecraft.
A thorough introduction to formal syntactic typology by a leader in the field, Comparing Syntax systematically covers syntactic variation across languages. The textbook covers word-order parameters, null subjects, polysynthesis, verb-movement, ergativity, interrogatives and negation within a comparative framework, ensuring that readers are able to engage with the key topics in the most up-to-date primary research literature. The comprehensive glossary, end-of-chapter exercises and annotated further reading lists allow readers to consolidate and extend their knowledge as they progress through the book. A self-contained work ideal for intermediate and advanced-level students, Comparing Syntax also builds on the author's Beginning Syntax and Continuing Syntax.
'No Feelings', 'No Fun', 'No Future'. The years 1976 to 1984 saw punk emerge and evolve as a fashion, a musical form, an attitude and an aesthetic. Against a backdrop of social fragmentation, violence, high unemployment and socio-economic change, punk rejuvenated and re-energised British youth culture, inserting marginal voices and political ideas into pop. Rejecting both tired clichés and nostalgic myths, Matthew Worley provides the definitive account of how punk was constructed and utilised from the ground up. He takes youth culture seriously as a way of understanding history, demonstrating how punk not only reflected but directly impacted social and political history through its unique ability to provoke, disrupt and subvert. This revised and updated edition marks fifty years since the birth of punk and includes a new foreword from acclaimed music journalist, Paul Morley. It remains the foremost history of British punk.
Submarines in International Law is the first book to explore both the legal history and the contemporary regulation of submarine operations in varied areas of international law. The analysis demonstrates the instances where submarines influenced the development of the law of the sea and the law of armed conflict, as well as highlighting where international law needs to give greater account for submarines in existing bodies of law-including international marine environmental law, the law on the use of force, navigational safety rules, transnational criminal law and international cultural heritage law. Submarine operations range from military and defence uses, to supporting research and commercial seabed industries, to ocean tourism and smuggling of illicit goods. International law regulates all these activities to varying degrees. While submarines may strive to be evasive objects in the ocean, this book demonstrates why they cannot and should not elude the reach of international law.
A country's industrial policy aims at promoting the development of sectors that often relate to manufacturing and is especially important for less-developed countries as they seek to catch up economically. Industrial Development and Division of Labor re-examines the long history behind the debate on its formulation and organises the discussion around the two types of division of labour found in Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations. One type has evolved to become the neoclassical perspective and its notion of market failure that has heavily skewed the debate's history. Noting its limitations, including the simplified catch-up learning that is conceived, this book illustrates that arguments for industrial policy that are rejected by Neoclassical economists – so-called 'protectionist' and import-substituting ones – and newer notions involving innovation systems actually share roots with Smith's other type of labour division. They offer broader perspectives on policy that call for establishing elaborate interactive contexts for learning for development.
This book offers compelling arguments for moving toward the school renewal model (rather than the school reform model) based on strong empirical evidence and real-world renewal work in schools. Drawing on national and project data alongside rigorous analysis, it highlights structural and leadership barriers that have hindered reform over the past twenty-five years and offers essential constructs and tools to bridge the divide in the educational system, including the bifurcation theory, the win-win leadership theory, implementation integrity, integrated school leadership, and leadership density. With validated instruments and actionable frameworks, this work equips researchers and practitioners with innovative methods to drive school improvement. Policymakers will also find guidance on creating enabling conditions for sustainable progress, focusing on responsive, capacity-building approaches rooted in the complexities of modern education.
This Element discusses the roles played by the idea of God in René Descartes' epistemology, physics, and metaphysics, and problems arising from those roles. Section 1 gives an overview of Descartes' life, works, and reception, focusing on the extent to which he is a religious or a secular thinker. Section 2 focuses on the problem of the Cartesian circle generated by his claim that all human knowledge depends on knowledge of God. Section 3 explains the role of God in Descartes' physics and addresses problems concerning how God's causal activity relates to that of creatures, including how divine providence fits with human freedom and how voluntary bodily actions are consistent with the laws of nature. Section 4 explores Descartes' claim that God freely created the eternal truths, noting its implications for his theory of modality.
Brought to life with art from talented illustrator Hazel Mead, this incredible book is aimed at every woman stuck in the 'information gap' navigating the jargon and myths about their gynaecological health online. Bloody Powerful covers everything you didn't get taught in school: giving you factually correct and reliable information coming from a practicing gynaecology doctor. It is a non-judgemental and insightful guide to empowering yourself to take charge of your body. Dr Brooke Vandermolen answers questions you have always wanted to ask, from 'Do I need supplements to balance my hormones?' to 'How do I know if my period is too heavy?' sprinkled with facts you may never have realised about your body. Thought-provoking, inspiring and inclusive, this book will show you how we're all the same in wanting to know more about our own bodies, and we are each utterly and beautifully unique.
R is fast becoming ubiquitous in the environmental sciences to analyse data. This book introduces environmental modeling and R. It assumes no background in either coding or calculus. It offers real-world examples, fully described programs, and detailed exercises. Readers learn how to analyse large datasets, create beautiful images, thoughtfully utilize the benefits of AI, and use techniques like optimization and sensitivity analysis in their modelling of complex environmental systems. Using examples from a range of environmental topics – including ecology, conservation, and climate science - the book will interest readers from a broad range of environmental and conservation sciences. Most graduate programs in environmental science and sustainability use R because it is both open source and powerful. R is common in government and consulting work, so students that go on to more advanced environmental modelling courses and potentially careers in the environmental field will find a grounding in R very useful.
In the aftermath of the assassination of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson in December 2024, everyday Americans took to social media to share stories of the challenges they'd faced trying to navigate the American health insurance system. Why did this event strike such a nerve with the American public? For a topic as central to the lives of Americans as health care, there is no book that examines the impact of coverage denial, whereby health insurers decide whether to cover health services that appear to be within the scope of a plan's benefits – not until now. In Coverage Denied, health policy professor Miranda Yaver offers a sobering account of the ways in which coverage denials damage patient health and exacerbate inequalities along income, education, and racial lines. Combining rich interview material with original survey data, Yaver draws critical attention to the tens of millions of medical claims denied by health insurers every year, shining a necessary light on our inequitable health care system.
Abul A'la Maududi (1903–1979) was arguably one of the most influential and controversial thinkers of the twentieth century, and a foundational Islamist thinker. This volume brings together a broad range of his important works for the first time, covering concerns such as anticolonialism, permissibility of violence, capitalism and gender roles, principles for an Islamic economy, innovation in legal frameworks as well as the limits of nationalist politics. Showcasing his writings across different genres, this volume includes influential early works such as his seminal Al Jihad fil Islam, Quranic exegesis and essays as well as later works on Islamic law. An extensive introduction situates Maududi's ideas within global anticolonial conversations as well as Islamic and South Asian debates on urgent contemporary political questions and highlights the conceptual innovations he carried out. Fresh translations allow readers to critically engage with Maududi's writings, capturing nuances and shifts in his ideas with greater clarity.
Alvin Plantinga is a noted American analytic philosopher who has written in the areas of philosophy of religion, metaphysics, epistemology, and apologetics. Plantinga's Christian commitments are a crucial part of his philosophical work since nearly all of Plantinga's writings have focused on explaining and defending Christian beliefs. He argues that there is no objection or set of objections that shows that Christianity is epistemically lacking, and as such, Christians can be fully rational, justified, and warranted in their religious beliefs. This Element discusses his work as a whole, and focuses on his contributions on the problem of evil, religious knowledge, science and religion, and Christian philosophy.
For more than half a century, dualities have been at the heart of modern physics. From quantum mechanics to statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, quantum field theory and quantum gravity, dualities have proven useful in solving problems that are otherwise quite intractable. Being surprising and unexpected, dualities have been taken to raise philosophical questions about the nature and formulation of scientific theories, scientific realism, emergence, symmetries, explanation, understanding, and theory construction. This Element discusses what dualities are, gives a selection of examples, explores the themes and roles that make dualities interesting, and highlights their most salient types. It aims to be an entry point into discussions of dualities in both physics and philosophy. The philosophical discussion emphasises three main topics: whether duals are theoretically equivalent, the view of scientific theories that is suggested by dualities (namely, a geometric view of theories) and the compatibility between duality and emergence.
This book addresses a critical gap in higher education by offering evidence-based strategies to reduce mathematics anxiety in non-specialist university students. Grounded in original research, Meena Mehta Kotecha introduces an interdisciplinary, theory-driven and student-informed pedagogical intervention that has been empirically tested and positively received. Drawing on insights from psychology, sociology, neuroscience, and education, the book equips educators with inclusive, practical tools to build resilience, foster confidence, and support emotional wellbeing in mathematically anxious students. It also presents a unique overarching theoretical framework that enriches both teaching practice and academic research. Ideal for academic libraries serving education, psychology, social science, statistics and mathematics departments, this volume supports lecturers, teaching fellows, education developers, and researchers seeking to create more compassionate and effective learning environments. With its accessible language and cross-disciplinary relevance, it is a valuable resource for anyone committed to improving student engagement and success in quantitative courses.
This book tells the fascinating story of American English, tracing its emergence in the colonial period through to the present day. Written by a leading scholar, and drawing on data from the Linguistic Atlas Project, it explores how and why American English differs from British English, how it has been standardized, and how the USA's global political power has influenced its prominent status around the world. Illustrated with copious examples of language in use, it also surveys the various dialects of American English, including African American English, and explores social and cultural variation between English and other languages spoken in the United States. Each chapter explains the relevant terms and concepts from linguistics, and provides computer-based exercises. The author also introduces the basics of complexity science, showing how complex systems shape development and change in American English. Authoritative yet accessible, it will be essential reading for researchers and students alike.
Individuals and groups often find themselves in problematic situations not knowing what to do next. They may experience a sense of unease that things aren't quite right, with no clear path to a better future. This book shows how decision analysis and the social skills of the decision analyst can enable us to explore the future before having to live it. The author is a senior decision analyst sharing his lived experience with many clients in numerous private, public, and voluntary organisations. The book sets out a five-step process to choose, define, and assemble the ten key ingredients of any problem into one model. Changes to the ingredients representing possible futures provide new glimpses into the future, stimulate creativity and lead to new solutions. Readers will gain a sound theoretical foundation with an understanding of process consultancy skills and the types of problems for which decision analysis is appropriate.
It is a promising time for genocide prevention. Increasing amounts of research, and resources, have led to significant advances over the past two decades. Yet we still lack vital knowledge as to the most effective ways to stabilise and reduce the risk of genocide in current at-risk societies. This volume offers a compelling new approach: to understand how to prevent genocide, we need to examine societies in which genocide has been prevented. It is in these societies – in which a demonstrably high risk of genocide was present, but in which genocide did not occur – that we can potentially find key factors that promote resilience to genocide. The volume explores six such case studies, spanning three continents and seven decades. Through careful analysis it identifies eleven factors that have contributed to preventing genocide in multiple cases, and which have the potential to inform current approaches to prevention. Collectively, these offer a new, evidence-based approach to preventing genocide.
Sincerity is essential to communication: without a norm of sincerity, we could hardly trust what other people tell us. But what does it take to be sincere, exactly? And why is sincerity so important? Sincerity and Insincerity offers a comprehensive review of existing philosophical work on the nature of sincerity and its epistemic value. It puts forward a novel, fine-grained account of what sincerity and insincerity are, and dives into the grey area between the two, identifying various ways in which speakers can be partially sincere. Integrating ideas from different philosophical subfields and traditions, it offers an updated perspective on what makes sincerity epistemically valuable, giving serious consideration to the idea that sincerity is the norm of assertion. Overall, this Element provides a novel, informed perspective on what sincerity is, how it works, and why it matters.
How did British literature develop in the wake of the radical 1790s and during the years of war, reaction, and uncertain renewal that constituted the nineteenth century's first decade? The essays in this volume examine the literary forms and cultural formations that emerged during this paradoxical era of aftermath and new beginnings. They reexamine a period within the Romantic period, and within the larger context of the nineteenth century, exploring the historical self-consciousness of this post-revolutionary era and highlighting the emergence of ideas of temporality and historicity that lead us to reconsider the past as comprised of decadal units, of centuries, and of things like 'the age of revolutions' and the spirits that animate them. Using fresh approaches and methodologies, the essays in this book examine the beginnings of the nineteenth century and its literature according to the critical, theoretical, and archival possibilities of the twenty-first.
Patients with cancer visit the Emergency Department (ED) throughout the trajectory of their disease for symptoms that result from an initial diagnosis, side effects of treatament, clinical deterioration due to disease progression, and symptom management. Cancer patients are often sicker relative to the general ED patient population, with higher admission rates and increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, practitioners in acute care settings must have knowledge of, or quick access to, reliable, evidence-based literature to provide thorough and compassionate care to this complex patient population. This book offers a practical, case-based breakdown of oncologic emergencies seen in acute care environments. It provides real-world examples to enhance the medical care provided to patients with cancer who present to emergency departments or outpatient clinics. It also serves as a guide to those who are educating learners through case scenarios that may be incorporated into residency didactic education.