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Political parties often use moral arguments—judgements about fundamental notions of right and wrong—to frame and explain their political views. Morality is an aspect of politics that people are regularly exposed to in real life. But what role does moral rhetoric play in party politics? And how does it shape our views? Focusing on Western democracies, Shared Morals examines what moral rhetoric looks like, how it affects voters, and how it is relevant for democratic representation. Drawing from studies on party competition, political behavior, and moral and political psychology, the book illustrates that moral rhetoric is an integral aspect of party communication. Yet, unlike many current narratives in the scholarly and policymaking worlds, Shared Morals draws attention to the potential for moral rhetoric to highlight common grounds, bridge differences, and bring people together.
Do Paul's letters draw on ethnic stereotypes? Did they influence how ethnic and racial outsiders were viewed in later eras? In this volume, Matthijs den Dulk offers a series of case studies that analyze different ways in which ethnic stereotypes were used or exerted influence on Pauline writings. Informed by recent empirical research on the impact of stereotypes, Den Dulk shows that paying attention to ancient stereotypes about Galatians, Corinthians, Scythians, Cretans and other groups sheds significant new light on the context, composition and content of Paul's letters. Den Dulk's exegetical argument integrates analyses of the history of interpretation, which demonstrate that Paul's letters were used to support modern conceptions of ethnic difference, including racist theories. This study thus raises important and timely questions about the content of Paul's letters as well as their influence on subsequent ideas about race and ethnicity. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This comprehensive reference brings readers to the frontier of research on bandit convex optimization or zeroth-order convex optimization. The focus is on theoretical aspects, with short, self-contained chapters covering all the necessary tools from convex optimization and online learning, including gradient-based algorithms, interior point methods, cutting plane methods and information-theoretic machinery. The book features a large number of exercises, open problems and pointers to future research directions, making it ideal for students as well as researchers.
Clergy formed a distinct and privileged group in later medieval society as regarded violent crime. Church law was intended to protect them from it, induce them to avoid it, and exempt them from secular justice following it. But in practice, were the clergy so separate from the violent culture around them and different from the laymen who dominated it? In the first full-length study of this subject in the later medieval period, Peter Clarke shows that clergy accused of violent and other crimes increasingly submitted to secular justice like laymen, seeking clerical immunity only as a last resort. It reveals that church authorities, in providing legal redress for clerical victims of lay violence, sought to heal divisions between laity and clergy, not to deepen them. Additionally, it explores the motives and contexts behind clerical involvement in violent crime, both as perpetrators and victims, revealing that clergy often acted similarly to laymen.
Empirical Legal Studies has arrived in EU law. The past decade has seen the publication of pathbreaking quantitative and qualitative studies, the creation of relevant thematic networks, and the realisation of large-scale empirical research projects. This volume explores the new movement. It features contributions penned by legal and political science scholars working or interested in the field. It is part handbook, for which scholars – experts and novices alike – can reach to get an overview of the state of the art. It is part manifesto, showcasing the need for and potential of this fast-growing area of academic inquiry. Finally, it is a critical reflection, assessing the challenges and limitations of Empirical Legal Studies in the EU context, as well as its interaction with adjacent disciplinary and interdisciplinary endeavours. The book captures the significant contribution which empirical legal research has made to the study of EU law, while facilitating an exchange about the way forward.
By exploring the dynamic relationships between politics, policymaking, and policy over time, this book aims to explain why climate change mitigation is so political, and why politics is also indispensable in enacting real change. It argues that politics is poorly understood and often sidelined in research and policy circles, which is an omission that must be rectified, because the policies that we rely on to drive down greenhouse gas emissions are deeply inter-connected with political and social contexts. Incorporating insights from political economy, socio-technical transitions, and public policy, this book provides a framework for understanding the role of specific ideas, interests, and institutions in shaping and driving sustainable change. The chapters present examples at global, national, and local scales, spanning from the 1990s to 2020s. This volume will prove valuable for graduate students, researchers, and policymakers interested in the politics and policy of climate change. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Order, Authority, Nation develops a sociological account of political conversion from left to right through an examination of the historical case of Marcel Déat and the French neo-socialists. Déat and the neo-socialists began their careers in the 1920s as democratic socialists but became fascists and Nazi collaborators by the end of World War II. While existing accounts of this shift emphasize the ideological continuity underlying neo-socialism and fascism, this book centers the fundamentally discontinuous and relational character of political conversion in its analysis. Highlighting the active part played by Déat and the neo-socialists in their own reinvention at different moments of their trajectory, it argues that political conversion is a phenomenon defined not just by a change in belief, but at its core, by how political actors respond to changing political circumstances. This sociological account of a phenomenon often treated polemically offers a unique contribution to the sociology and history of socialism and fascism.
Ordinary chondrites, the most abundant meteorites, constitute about 80% of meteorite falls and are essential to our understanding of cosmochemistry. They provide important information about planetary accretion, the early Solar System, and the geological history of asteroids, including such processes as thermal metamorphism, shock metamorphism, and aqueous alteration. This comprehensive guide begins with meteorite classifications and useful definitions, followed by a discussion of fall phenomena and terrestrial weathering. It provides a detailed overview of the three main ordinary-chondrite groups, which include the most primitive, least-processed meteorites known. Compositional differences among these samples furnish clues to the nature of processes operating in the solar nebula 4.5 billion years ago. These rocks also disclose information on the nature and origin of chondrules, matrix material, and metallic iron-nickel grains. This book is a valuable resource for graduate students and research professionals interested in meteorites and planetary science, as well as amateur meteorite enthusiasts.
Contrary to the widespread belief in Ireland's rapid secularisation, religion continues to play a significant role in twenty-first-century Irish culture, though not in the familiar forms of Catholicism and Protestantism. This volume seeks to redress the balance and demonstrate that religion intersects with and informs past and present Irish culture. While writers from Sean O'Casey to Edna O'Brien have challenged religious oppression, Joyce's heresy, Patrick Pearse's fusion of Christian and pagan sacrifice, and Yeats's pan-Asian eclecticism are among the manoeuvres by which the Irish have sought to push beyond the prescribed limits of spirituality. This book takes an interdisciplinary and global approach that encompasses the affinities of Celtic thought with Asian philosophy, the legacy of Irish missions in Africa, new ways to see the religiosity of canonical works, and Irish cultural engagement with traditions such as Buddhism, Daoism, Judaism, and Shinto.
The Italian; or, The Confessional of the Black Penitents (1796) was the final novel that Ann Radcliffe published in her lifetime. With her monumental The Mysteries of Udolpho (1794), it is widely considered her finest work – a nearly perfect combination of suspense, romance, social critique, and deep psychology. Set in Naples in the decades before the French Revolution, it chronicles the adventures of two lovers, Ellena di Rosalba and Vincentio di Vivaldi, whose intended marriage provokes the ire not just of Vivaldi's powerful parents, but also of the Holy Inquisition. Since its first publication, readers have admired The Italian's sharply drawn characters, evocative landscapes, brilliantly constructed plot, and unrivalled atmospherics. Arguably no other Romantic novelist has depicted the human capacity for evil so palpably while providing such a range of beauties for readers to savour. This edition presents the definitive text along with a full introduction and explanatory notes.
This book follows the rise of the public trust doctrine – which obligates government to protect critical natural resources – from its ancient Roman origins to a modern force of environmental law. Focusing on California's enchanting Mono Lake, it tells the story of a group of everyday people who used the law to save it, spawning a legal revolution that reverberates globally. Their case pitted local advocates against thirsty Angelenos hundreds of miles away, in a dispute that stretches back to the dawn of Western water woes. Their story exemplifies the challenges of balancing legitimate needs for public infrastructure with competing environmental values, within systems of law still evolving to manage conflicting public and private rights in natural resources. Today, public trust principles infuse both common and constitutional law to protect water, wildlife, ecosystems, and climate – marrying sovereign obligations with environmental rights and raising open questions of legal theory, strategy, and meaning.
South Asia's economies, as well as the scholarship on their economic histories, have been transformed in recent decades. This landmark new reference history will guide economists and historians through these transformations in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Part I revisits the colonial period with fresh perspectives and updated scholarship, incorporating recent research on topics such as gender, caste, environment, and entrepreneurship. The contributors highlight the complex and diverse experiences of different groups to offer a more nuanced understanding of the past. Part II focuses on economic and social changes in South Asia over the last seventy-five years, offering a comprehensive view of the region's historical trajectory. Together, the contributions to this volume help to reassess the impact of colonialism through a more informed lens, as well as providing analysis of the challenges and progress made since independence.
Although mental health is a better understood, more widely discussed topic in our society today, a degree of stigmatization persists, especially in severe cases with links to homelessness, job loss, poverty and human rights. It is also still present in environments such as the workforce, healthcare settings and educational environments, and often internalized by the sufferer themselves. This book provides a philosophical account of what mental illness stigma is, why it persists, what harms it causes to people subject to public stigma or who internalize stigma in themselves, and what can be done about it. It analyzes the process of stigmatization, both public and internalized, in the twenty-first century Western culture, especially in the United States - including the process of stereotyping, the expressive harm of stereotypes, the role of social norms in creating adaptive preferences and shaping behaviour, the moral distancing and status loss involved with social exclusion and dehumanization, and the harm of discrimination.
Grounded in legal ethnomethodology, this book explores terrorism trials in France. Drawing on extensive court ethnography, a multidisciplinary research team examines how terrorism logics are reflected, represented, and negotiated within criminal proceedings. Based on hundreds of hearing days – ranging from small terrorism criminal cases to the so-called trials for history, commonly known as the 'Charlie Hebdo' and the 'Bataclan' trials – this study offers a nuanced, bottom-up perspective on the role of courts. Through courtroom immersion, close observation of legal performances, and interviews with judicial actors, it investigates how justice is shaped in practice. Identifying three generations of trials, the book provides original insights into the evolving role of courts in terrorism cases. From an empirical and comparative perspective, it also seeks to make criminal trials more accessible to Anglophone readers, offering a deeper understanding of how terrorism is prosecuted in France, highlighting the role of judges, prosecutors, lawyers and victims.
How did the living world – bodies, time, motion, and natural environment – frame the art of early medieval Britain and Ireland? In this study, Heather Pulliam investigates how the early medieval art produced in Britain and Ireland enabled Christian audiences to unite with and be 'dissolved' in an intangible divinity. Using phenomenological and eco-critical methodologies, she probes intersections between art objects, the living world, and the embodied eye. Pulliam analyses a range of objects that vary in scale, form, and function, including book shrines, brooches worn on the body, and reliquaries suspended in satchels. Today, such objects are discussed, displayed, and illustrated as static rather than mobile objects that human bodies wore and that accompanied them as they travelled through landscapes animated by changing weather, seasons, and time. Using the frame as a heuristic device, she questions how art historical studies approach medieval art and offers a new paradigm for understanding the role of sacred objects in popular devotion.
The purpose of this Element is to introduce the study of later Roman law (Byzantine law) to a wider academic audience. Currently a great deal of specialized knowledge is necessary to approach the field of Byzantine law. This Element works to break down the barriers to this fascinating subject by providing a brief, clear introduction to the topic. It makes a scholarly contribution by placing Byzantine law in a broader perspective and by reconsidering some of the aspects of the study of Byzantine law. The Element places Byzantine law outside of the box by comparing, for example, Byzantine law to the European legal tradition and highlighting the role that Byzantine law can have in unravelling the common legal past of Europe. It gives also information on the status of Byzantine legal studies and makes suggestions on how to study Byzantine law and why.
Strategic Compensation and Talent Management is a modern guide for managers and students navigating the complexities of pay, incentives, and workforce strategy in today's dynamic business environment. Written in a clear, conversational style, it blends real-world insights with foundational theory and invites readers to step into the manager's role to solve practical problems around attracting, retaining, and motivating talent. Expanded from 15 to 21 chapters, this second edition adds new content on performance management, remote and hybrid work, AI-driven compensation, pay transparency and evolving workforce expectations. A robust visual toolkit – including new diagrams and frameworks – enhances conceptual clarity, and all 50 real-world case discussions are now hosted online to support flexible teaching and group learning. With practical 'lessons for managers' in every chapter and a rich suite of teaching resources – including test banks, syllabi, and case materials – this text is both a classroom asset and a professional reference.
Heritage languages are those spoken as a first language in immigrant communities where another language is dominant. This book provides a novel approach to heritage language research by focusing on German as it is spoken in a range of German-origin immigrant communities around the world. It demonstrates, using German as a unique example, how a language can develop under the influence of diverse replica languages on the one hand, and different sociolinguistic conditions on the other. It also includes a new theory of language contact, which combines cognitive approaches on multilingual language representation and language processing, with usage-based frameworks. The analyses cover processes of lexical and semantic transfer, morphosyntactic and syntactic changes and pragmatic aspects, and account for the influence of external factors on individual variation. In addition, the book analyzes socio-psychological aspects, namely attitudes towards language and language awareness, and their influence on individual language maintenance.
Making Sense of Mass Education gives a comprehensive overview of the cultural contexts of education, addressing and debunking important myths in the field. This book is an approachable text for undergraduate and postgraduate readers studying the Sociology and Philosophy of Education. The text covers the rise of mass schooling as a disciplinary institution, including the governance of subjectivity and the regulation of childhood and youth. It examines cultural forces on the field of education and addresses the influence of philosophical thought. In the landscape of mass education, change is constant. New topics covered in the fifth edition include education policy, teachers' work, place, online spaces and artificial intelligence. Each chapter features margin definitions and boxes exploring a range of myths, encouraging teachers to think critically. Making Sense of Mass Education continues to be pertinent for pre-service and practising teachers in Australian contexts.