We consider R simultaneous equations of additive type

where the coefficients aij are integers. Artin's conjecture, for additive forms, is that the equations (1) have a non-trivial solution in integers x1,…,xN provided that they have a non-trivial real solution, which is clearly satisfied when k is odd, and

Circularly and transversely polarised (henceforth called circular and transverse) waves have been shown to occur as solutions of non-linear equations governing a wide range of physical phenomena, including finite elasticity (1), magnetohydrodynamics (2), and gyromagnetism (3), but only when the material properties of the medium are isotropic with respect to the direction of wave propagation. This paper is an attempt to unify and generalise these results.

In this paper, we obtain some characterizations for the weighted weak type (1, q) inequality to hold for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator in the case 0<q<1; prove that there is no nontrivial weight satisfying one-weight weak type (p, q) inequalities when 0<p≠q< ∞, and discuss the equivalence between the weak type (p, q) inequality and the strong type (p, q) inequality when p≠q.

A one parameter family of algorithms is studied, which contains both the arithmetic-geometric mean of Gauss and its generalization by Borchardt, recently studied by J. and P. Borwein. We prove that the presence of an asymptotic formula for such an algorithm is, in view of the Poisson summation formula, equivalent to the vanishing of certain integrals. In the case of Gauss and Borchardt the latter involve theta functions. Finally, we investigate the question of convergence of the algorithm for complex values, thereby generalizing the corresponding result of Gauss.

The objective of this article are sums S(M)=∑n;ψ(Mf(n/M)) where ψdenotes essentially the fractional part minus ½, f is a C4-function with fn nonvanishing, and summation is extended over an interval of order M. For S(M) an Ω-estimate and a mean-square bound is obtained. Applications to problems concerning the number of lattice points in large planar domains are discussed.

§ 1. It is proposed to discuss in this paper partial differential equations involving two independent variables x and y, and a dependent variable z. The method of reduction which is explained can be applied to certain equations involving more than two independent variables, but such application is subject to too many restrictions to be of much general utility.

Par un point fixe A d'une circonférence donnée on mène deux cordes AB et AC dont le produit a une valeur constante m2, puis on joint BC. Trouver 1° le lieu du pied D de la bissectrice de l'angle A du triangle ABC; 2° le lieu des centres des cercles inscrits et exinscrits à ce triangle.

In this paper we continue our study of the tensor product of distributive lattices which was begun in (2). We obtain a representation of the tensor product as a ring of sets and we describe a simple way to construct the tensor product of finite distributive lattices.

In the Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, Ser. 2, Vol. 20 (1921), pp. 465–489, Professor H. W. Turnbull has studied the projective invariant theory of three quadrics. The following paper is based on this work and develops one definite section of the theory. From the geometrical point of view the linear complex is now seen to be fundamental in the study of three arbitrary quadrics; particularly when their (2, 2, 2) invariant φ123 vanishes.

This paper is an attempt to collect and arrange some of the propositions regarding the so-called Simson line, contained in various Mathematical Treatises and Journals. Proofs have been altered, or new ones substituted to suit the arrangement.

Maximal left ideals in matrix rings were studied by Stone [10]. Similar results are not necessarily valid in the general near-ring case and one of the objectives of this paper is to study these differences. Furthermore, although much is known about 2-primitivity in general matrix near-rings (Van der Walt [11]), quite the opposite is true for 0-primitivity and the other objective of this paper is to present some results on 0-primitivity in matrix near-rings in certain restricted cases.

Let S be a compact semigroup (with jointly continuous multiplication) and let P(S) denote the probability measures on S, i.e. the positive regular Borel measures on S with total mass one. Then P(S) is a compact semigroup with convolution multiplication and the weak* topology. Let II(P(S)) denote the set of primitive (or minimal) idempotents in P(S). Collins (2) and Pym (5) respectively have given complete descriptions of II(P(S)) when S is a group and when K(S), the kernel of S, is not a group. Choy (1) has given some characterizations of II(P(S)) for the general case. In this paper we present some detailed and intrinsic characterizations of II((P(S)) for various classes of compact semigroups that are not covered by the results of Collins and Pym.

On reading a recent paper by R. S. Varma (Varma 1949) I recalled that in May 1942 I investigated an integral transformation which is very similar to Varma's. Varma has

and points out that this reduces to a Laplace integral for k = ¼, m = ± ¼. Instead of (1), one could consider the integral

which was introduced by C. S. Meijer (Meijer 1940 b); this integral reduces to a Laplace integral whenever k = m + ½. Now, apart from comparatively unimportant factors, the nucleus of (2) is a fractional derivative or integral, as the case may be, of e−st, and on carrying out a fractional integration by parts, it appears that (2) is essentially the Laplace transform of a fractional integral or derivative of f. Thus, the whole theory of the transformation (2), including inversion formulae, representation theorems, etc., can be deduced from the well-known theory of the Laplace transformation. It is not quite clear that a similar reduction is possible for (1), although it is certainly possible when k = 0.

Def. The arithmetic mean of n quantities a, b, c, d …

Def. The geometric mean of n quantities a, b, c, d …