While clinical research on psychedelics often reports mild and transient side effects, broader survey studies indicate that a subset of users experiences lasting adverse mental health effects. This study investigated whether some of these meet diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

A cross-sectional online survey (N = 243) was conducted with individuals reporting distressing psychedelic experiences with effects persisting beyond the acute phase (convenience sampling). It assessed characteristics of the acute experience, post-traumatic stress, post-traumatic growth, and coping strategies.

A total of 31.3% of participants met the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD as measured by self-report measures. PTSD symptom severity was strongly associated with characteristics of the acute experience. Avoidance-related experiences significantly predicted greater PTSD symptoms, while acceptance-related experiences were linked to lower symptom severity. Post-traumatic growth was unrelated to the intensity of the challenging experience or avoidance but positively predicted by acceptance-related experiences. Post-psychedelic help-seeking behavior was common: most consulted online resources or spoke with friends and family, though psychotherapy was rated the most helpful intervention.

Findings provide the first systematic evidence that difficult psychedelic experiences can be associated with later PTSD symptoms and highlight the critical role of acute psychological processes in shaping long-term outcomes. Since the survey targeted individuals with highly challenging acute experiences, the data do not allow the extrapolation of prevalence estimates to the broader population of psychedelic users. As psychedelic use expands beyond clinical settings, access to trauma-informed care and targeted integration support will be essential to minimize harm and support recovery.

Researchers have revealed that the incidence of aspiration pneumonia (AP) increases following a disaster, not only due to the disaster itself but also due to environmental factors, which will propose dysphagia rehabilitation targets. We aimed to delineate the current status of dysphagia rehabilitation in disasters.

English literature was searched via scientific databases, representative journal homepages, trial registries, and gray literature.

A total of 242 articles were reviewed in full text, and 31 were included in this review. Most hazards were earthquakes (19/31), and most reports originated from Japan (19/31). The reported issues were summarized according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) codes. Twenty-seven codes related to areas such as Swallowing, Caring for teeth, and Food were the most frequently reported. In addition, three additional items not formally listed in the ICF were considered: nutrition, oral hygiene, and denture.

The mechanisms of emergency lifestyle-related aspiration pneumonia were identified, and approaches to prevent AP were proposed. We further discuss how to promote dysphagia rehabilitation in disasters. Nevertheless, multidisciplinary coordination is important, and more involvement of rehabilitation specialists is required.

To examine mediators and modifiable psychosocial factors associated with psychological distress, depression, anxiety and self-rated health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (hereafter respectfully referred to as ‘Indigenous Australians’) aged ≥18 years.

This was a cross-sectional study based on the analysis of the 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey dataset (N = 3942). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations and indirect effects for mediation analyses were computed.

Our results showed that Indigenous Australians with higher levels of perceived social support were less likely to have psychological distress (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.56), depression (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.67), anxiety (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.65) and low self-rated health (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.82). Similarly, those with a high level of mastery were less likely to have psychological distress (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.19), depression (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.28), anxiety (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.36), and low self-rated health (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.50). Perceived social support mediated 33.7% of the association between removal from the natural family and psychological distress, 14.6% of the association between discrimination and psychological distress, 20.3% of the association between discrimination and depression, 14.8% of the association between discrimination and anxiety and 16.6% of the association between discrimination and low self-rated health. Both perceived social support and mastery mediated the association between physical harm and psychological distress, depression and anxiety.

We believe that community-driven psychosocial programs that enhance social support, self-efficacy and cultural connection may significantly improve the mental health and psychosocial well-being of Indigenous Australians.

Infants with single ventricle CHD commonly experience gross motor delays due to physiological and environmental factors, including increased risk for white matter injury, reduced aerobic capacity, restrictive post-operative protocols, and limited movement opportunities. These delays persist in adolescence, affecting physical and social development. This study examines a quality improvement initiative within the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative to enhance gross motor development.

Fifteen centres participated. Gross motor skills were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition, at 6 and 12 months. A key driver diagram, Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, baseline data, and ongoing process measures were collected. Interventions were implemented, including education, therapy support, and mobilisation protocols. Control charts were used to evaluate the data.

Scores from the Ages and Stages Questionnaires indicated delays in gross motor skills at baseline, with improvement over time. Participating centres showed a centerline shift from 41% to 89% of infants achieving on-target or improved motor scores, compared with 54% to 68% of infants at non-participating centres. Establishment of customised infant developmental plans increased from 62% to 74% for participating centres and from 53% to 61% for non-participating centres. Interventions included establishing processes for consistent screening, developmental plan administration, review of prone positioning, access to therapies, and early intervention referrals.

This targeted quality improvement project increased the use of inpatient practices to support gross motor development for infants with single ventricle CHD. Collaborative, interdisciplinary efforts remain critical for addressing neurodevelopmental challenges in this high-risk population.

Natural disasters may worsen cancer outcomes through treatment delays, screening interruptions, or fragmented health care delivery. We investigated whether climate-related natural disasters were associated with changes in county-level prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening.

We modeled county-level screening estimates from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2004 to 2012 using Census-derived demographic weights. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)’s Disaster Declarations Summaries database was used to include counties that experienced a single climate-related natural disaster. The year of disaster was considered the index date, with 2-year pre- and post-disaster periods used to model counterfactual screening prevalence with vs without a natural disaster. Primary outcome was county-level PSA screening prevalence. We applied log-linear regression to estimate prevalence ratios for the association between natural disaster and two-year county-level PSA screening.

In 37 states, 365 counties experienced a single natural disaster, including a total population of 7,584,059 men aged 40-79. Compared to baseline county-level screening prevalence, PSA screening in the 2-year post-disaster period was 8% lower (rate ratio [RR]:0.92, 95% CI: 0.90-0.94, P <0.001]).

We observed significantly lower county-level PSA screening prevalence following a climate-related natural disaster. These results underscore the potential impacts of climate-related natural disasters on cancer screening services.

Violence against health workers and health care facilities in conflict settings is a major public health concern, disrupting service delivery and undermining humanitarian response. While attacks on health care have been widely documented, standardized multicountry comparisons using consistent surveillance metrics remain limited.

A retrospective, descriptive observational analysis was conducted using incident-level, open-source records curated on the United Nations Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX) from 2016 to 2024, covering 20 conflict-affected settings. Incidents involving harm to aid and health workers and attacks on health care facilities were summarized descriptively and standardized per capita to enable cross-setting comparison.

Across the 20 settings, reported harm to health systems increased after 2021. PSE exhibited the highest per-capita burden, with 407 aid and health-worker fatalities and 420 reported attacks on health care facilities, while Ukraine recorded the highest absolute number of facility attacks (1,060). Myanmar demonstrated a distinct pattern characterized by large-scale arrests of health care workers following the 2021 military coup. Other settings demonstrated variable burdens and harm modalities, including personnel-lethal, infrastructure-destructive, and coercive patterns.

Reported attacks on health care in conflict settings are widespread and heterogeneous. This descriptive, per-capita comparison highlights variability in harm modalities across settings and identifies high-burden contexts that may warrant prioritization for surveillance strengthening, preparedness planning, and protection-focused operational coordination. Further research is needed to examine drivers, impacts on service delivery, and prevention strategies using attribution-aware, mixed-methods approaches.

The development of psychopathology during childhood and adolescence is complex and likely to follow diverse patterns. Mapping trajectories of psychopathological difficulties may improve our understanding of the nature of emerging, resolving and persistent psychopathology. The purpose of this study is to examine trajectories of psychopathology throughout childhood and adolescence by examining multiple data sources, including questionnaire-based reports of emotional and behavioural difficulties, psychiatric diagnoses and prescribed psychotropic medications.

Group-based multi-trajectory modelling was used to identify the psychopathological trajectories. This study included 49,361 full-term live-born singleton children born between 1996 and 2003, recruited into the Danish National Birth Cohort. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire data were collected when the children/adolescents were 7, 11 and 18 years old. Annual information about psychiatric diagnoses and redeemed prescriptions for psychotropic medication was retrieved from nationwide registries between the ages of 1 and 18. We included six predefined dimensions to identify the trajectories: internalizing behavioural problems, externalizing behavioural problems, neurodevelopmental diagnoses, affective diagnoses, mixed psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic medications.

Six distinct trajectory groups were identified for both boys and girls. Approximately 6% of the boys and 8% of the girls receive the bulk of the psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic medications. We found no support for ‘pure’ internalizing or externalizing patterns in any identified trajectory, as problems in one dimension often indicated the presence of problems in another dimension.

Our results demonstrate substantial psychiatric comorbidity and add new insights to the understanding of child and adolescent well-being and the complex patterns of developmental psychopathology.

Determine site attributes affecting uptake of a national, multi-site antimicrobial stewardship project focused on reducing unnecessary urine culture orders and antibiotic prescriptions for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB).

Forty-one United States Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs) were randomized into two arms: “Technical Assistance” (TA) or the “Virtual Learning Collaborative” (VLC). TA sites could request one-on-one guidance from the coordinating center, and VLC sites participated in semimonthly informational webinars. Otherwise, we provided TA and VLC sites with the same resources to educate healthcare professionals on proper ASB management. At the intervention’s conclusion, we conducted 45–60-minute semi-structured interviews with local site leads and focus groups with their teams. TA and VLC sites were sampled based on time spent on intervention implementation, resulting in 19 participants across varying roles (e.g., pharmacists, physicians). We iteratively coded transcripts using thematic analysis.

We propose five considerations for how site attributes informed uptake of our stewardship initiative: (1) existing connections with leadership and important contacts; (2) workplace structure and culture; (3) previous and concurrent antimicrobial stewardship initiatives; (4) availability of existing resources (e.g., time); and (5) personnel turnover (e.g., daily provider transition, job turnover).

We recommend conducting pre-intervention interviews to identify site-specific obstacles and then tailoring the intervention to site-specific needs. Additionally, we stress the importance of sites’ prior experiences with antibiotic stewardship and the availability of personnel to work on stewardship initiatives. Ultimately, a better understanding of sites’ unique environments is an essential step for improving uptake of antimicrobial stewardship projects.

Persistent disparities in child health highlight the need for clinical and public health research approaches to identify and address risks with greater spatial precision. This study linked residence-and neighborhood-specific socio-environmental data to population-wide healthcare data to characterize pediatric hospitalization risk for every residential address in Cincinnati, Ohio.

We linked hospitalization data (07/01/2016–06/30/2022) to parcel-level housing data from the Hamilton County Auditor and Cincinnati Department of Buildings & Inspections and street-range crime data from the Cincinnati Police Department. Addresses were localized to 2010 census tracts to join variables from the US Census American Community Survey and Eviction Lab. Generalized random forest models estimated address-level hospitalization risk and birth-adjusted hospitalization risk, accounting for child residency using vital birth records. Model performance was assessed based on varying diagnostic thresholds; fairness was evaluated by census block-level racial demographics.

We matched 81.5% of hospitalizations to residential addresses. Among 77,077 addresses, 7.4% had ≥1 hospitalization. Our model performed well (ROC-AUC: 0.98–0.99; PR-AUC: 0.65–0.72) in characterizing high-risk addresses, with housing violations, violent crime, and market total value among top features. The birth-adjusted model also showed high performance (ROC-AUC: 0.92–0.93; PR-AUC: 0.65–0.78) and moderate agreement with the hospitalization risk model (κ = 0.43).

Our results highlight the potential of address-level modeling and multiscale data integration to build on traditional area-level analyses and advance precision population health. Future directions include geographic expansion, stakeholder engagement, and patient-level validation. This work offers a scalable approach to precisely identifying pediatric health risks, supporting targeted clinical and policy interventions.