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This Element introduces the study of Deep Time Heritage as a new field of critical global research. It applies a critical heritage perspective to the archaeology of the Pliocene, Pleistocene and earlier Holocene as it engages with data and interpretations on so-called hunting/gathering/fishing societies. Using a range of case studies, debates and key topics, the Element explores different processes, negotiations, and contestations through which these forms of archaeological and palaeoanthropological research are transformed into contemporary heritage. It argues that this past is 'keystone heritage' and disproportionally shapes conversations on both present and future. It thus advocates for greater critical reflexivity in the study of humanity's deep past and its construction in the present and – in this context – a greater awareness of the importance of the intersection between archaeological knowledge production and public and political discourses.
Major depressive disorder is not a single, uniform condition. Different causes of depression produce distinct symptom patterns, creating discrete subtypes. The human capacity for mood variation evolved because it once offered adaptive benefits, but rapid cultural change has created a mismatch between ancestral and modern environments, making some traits that used to be beneficial maladaptive in contemporary environments. An evolutionary framework suggests that systemic inflammation, chronic stress, and gut dysbiosis can intensify symptoms and prolong adaptive mood states into maladaptive depression episodes.This book demonstrates that lifestyle interventions can be effective in both preventing and treating depression. After critically evaluating current treatments, Markus J. Rantala and Severi Luoto argue for individualized treatment approaches. They propose a new hypothesis for depression founded in evolutionary science. Written for researchers, clinicians, and informed readers, the book challenges how depression is currently diagnosed and treated.
Scholars have long recognized John's dual focus on Jesus's relationship to God's presence and his impending physical absence. Yet attention to Jesus's absence is often restricted to the Farewell Discourse. Josiah D. Hall here provides an innovative reading of John's Gospel, arguing that tension between Jesus's presence and absence develops throughout the narrative and is integral to the Gospel's plot. Drawing on sources from across the ancient Mediterranean basin, Hall contends that John leverages conceptions of how deities would manifest their presence to clarify that Jesus is the enfleshed divine presence. Likewise, John depicts Jesus's absence by drawing on motifs of divine departure, especially those which understand a deity's absence as judgment. Attending closely to the paradoxical import of Jesus's presence and absence in John, Hall provides insights on classic Johannine riddles, including John's perspectives on the temple, the characters he labels as 'the Jews', and the Spirit-Paraclete's relationship to Jesus.
When a government participates in an International Monetary Fund (IMF) program, media coverage often highlights strong public reactions in the borrowing country, marked by mass mobilization and protests. In Creditors and Crowds, Sujeong Shim asks if public opinion matters for resolving economic crises. She shows how public opinion is pivotal to shaping global financial outcomes and reveals how public support for a government shapes the interactions among borrowing governments, IMF officials, and private portfolio investors. Combining cross-country data, case studies, and interviews, the author shows that public support for governments affects IMF programs' design and consequences. Using practical examples and comparative insights from Greece, Latvia, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and more, Shim highlights the often-overlooked role of public opinion in international finance and offers lessons for governments navigating crises.
Modern early drug discovery is transforming in response to global health challenges, medical needs, and emerging technologies. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art and practical guidance for navigating the complexities of early drug discovery. Edited by experienced industry professionals, it features expert contributions from scientists committed to advancing more effective medicines. Readers gain extensive coverage of today's landscape and its future evolution, including drug target systems, therapeutic modalities, candidate optimization and safety, translational approaches, and the role of external innovation in driving pharmaceutical productivity. Designed for scientists, researchers, and stakeholders across biotech, pharma, and academia, the book delivers actionable insights while fostering collaboration and understanding across disciplines. Drug discovery is inherently collaborative, and shared learning across specialties increases success. This resource offers future-focused, experience-driven guidance for anyone seeking to contribute to the development of impactful new therapies.
What is the relationship between law and capitalism - and what happens when their foundations collide with the climate crisis? In this groundbreaking work, A. Claire Cutler reveals how transnational corporations and the laws that shield them perpetuate environmental destruction while evading accountability. Developing a critical political economy analysis, Cutler traces the origins of corporate privilege in international law and shows how today's investment and value chain regimes reinforce this protected status, contrasting starkly with the precarious legal position of climate-displaced individuals. Challenging dominant theories that treat the crisis as abstract, Cutler argues for a transformative praxis of transnational law that confronts corporate responsibility head-on. In search of a utopian possibility for a better world order, this book examines the contradictions at the heart of law and capitalism and asks whether a just, sustainable future is still possible.
This book is a politically urgent and critically rigorous study of the reemergence of tragedy in American literature since 1945. It argues that literature appeals to tragic forms and figures to narrate the lived experience of labor during a period of social upheaval. In the novels of William Gaddis, Sylvia Plath, Thomas Pynchon, Kathy Acker, Philip Roth and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, the generic coordinates of tragedy attach to the precarious work lives of multiple characters in ways that bring labor into direct conversation with a literary history of tragedy. It explores Faustian pacts in The Recognitions (1955) and the inescapable determinism of The Bell Jar (1963), through the sacrificial scapegoat and singing choruses of Gravity's Rainbow (1973), the Oedipal reckoning of Blood and Guts in Highschool (1984), to the Shakespearean bloodlines of The Human Stain (2000) and the tragic forms of alienation in Americanah (2013).
Offering a rigorous critique of the scientific assumptions and ideological commitments that underlie contemporary managerialist research, this book exposes the foundational premises that sustain this influential approach. Mats Persson and Jan Ch. Karlsson define managerialism as an ideology that elevates management's goals and values to a universal status, shaping both research and practice. They demonstrate how managerialism promotes the alignment of workers' identities and aspirations with managerial objectives while excluding them from meaningful democratic participation in shaping those objectives. Tracing managerialist research back to Scientific Management and Human Relations – not merely to neoliberalism or New Public Management – the authors examine its two core dimensions: that workers are inherently irrational and that workplace democracy constitutes a threat against management and employers. They unpack managerialism's confused interpretations of organisational misbehaviour and resistance, analyse the ideological foundations of managerialist leadership theories, and ultimately propose more robust, democratic approaches to researching working life.
Comparing four displaced communities in four early modern sanctuary cities (Rome, Venice, Livorno, and London), I show that refugees were not only the victims of state violence but actively negotiated with governments, contributing to the creation of asylum and resettlement policies. Reading the multilingual corpus of early modern refugee literature, I study the discursive practices that displaced people used to prevent persecution and secure rights for their communities. Thus, the history of displacement that emerges from this volume is not simply a “history from below,” solely centered on persecuted minorities but rather a larger 'refugee history,' that studies both institutions and communities, and recovers the norms and practices that arose in response to forced migration. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
The Immersive Global Middle Ages emerges from a National Endowment for the Humanities–funded institute that explored how immersive digital environments can transform research and teaching about the global Middle Ages. Recognizing the medieval world as interconnected and culturally diverse, this Element situates digital tools within broader discussions of globalization, interdisciplinarity, and humanistic method. The authors examine how virtual reality, 3D modeling, and game-based learning can reconstruct and interpret premodern worlds, extending traditional scholarship into new experiential forms. The Element offers both theoretical frameworks and practical guidance for scholars and teachers developing projects that reflect the complexity of global medieval cultures. Foregrounding collaboration and innovation, The Immersive Global Middle Ages demonstrates that immersive technologies do more than visualize the past-they reshape how we understand cultural networks, knowledge exchange, and the shared human experience linking medieval and modern worlds. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Examining the growing numbers of Palestinian women working in Israel as doctors, lawyers, and high-tech engineers, this study documents their efforts to forge successful feminine subjectivities along the fault lines of neoliberal diversity. Through a wide array of interviews, Amalia Sa'ar and Hawazin Younis explore the experiences of women through periods of relative political stability and during war. The book considers their changing attitudes towards success and prestige and their navigation of tensions and conflicting expectations. Additionally, Sa'ar and Younis examine the paradoxical adaptation of neoliberal diversity within Israel's system of racial exclusion and the devastating effects of war on these already precarious mechanisms of inclusion. Finally, this study introduces the concepts of multiple cultural competence and critical cultural competence, highlighting minority women's unique contributions and shifting the burden of inclusion from minorities to the majority.
A timeless tale of a heroic character's journey through life, Homer's Odyssey has captured the imagination of readers from antiquity to the present day. Michael Cosmopoulos approaches this epic, together with the Iliad, not as remote works of literature, but as a living record of human experience shaped by war, loss, memory, and survival. He offers a poignant exploration of the aspects and consequences of war as captured in the Odyssey, including trauma, leadership and politics, human relations, religion and fate, and the struggle to return home and rebuild after upheaval. Cosmopoulos also situates both the Iliad and the Odyssey within the social conditions and the material realities of Greek society during the Aegean Bronze Age. Based on decades of archaeological field work and study of classical antiquity, and written in an accessible style, his book powerfully demonstrates how the poetry of ancient Greece preserves collective memory across the generations – and why these poems still speak to modern readers.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the fight against financial crime, but how can it be deployed responsibly? In answer to that question, this book provides a comprehensive roadmap that integrates legal clarity, ethical guidance, and operational strategies on AI governance. Leveraging the EU's AI Act, national legal instruments and comparative insights, the book examines the challenges of AI governance and offers practical tools for bias mitigation, explainability, accountability, and risk management. The book's use of real-world case studies and contributions from academics and practitioners – including experts with law enforcement experience – enables scholars, students, and professionals in disciplines such as law, criminology, finance, and policing to bridge theory and practice. This makes it an indispensable resource for research, teaching, and professional training. Whether you are shaping policy, implementing compliance frameworks, or exploring AI's role in fighting financial crime, this book provides the roadmap you need to balance innovation and responsibility. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Research in the Cloud reimagines how students learn behavioral research methods by focusing on active, project-based learning. This innovative textbook is built around 'CLABs' (Classroom-Laboratory hybrids) that integrate theoretical concepts with hands-on projects, allowing students to learn by doing. It provides dozens of research activities using real data collected from over 2,500 online participants, with all materials, datasets, and analysis instructions available on the Open Science Framework. The book guides students through a four-step progression, from understanding concepts to analyzing real data, engaging in guided research, and creating their own original studies. It incorporates the latest technology, including AI tools for tasks like creating measurement scales, and modern challenges like data quality in online research. This approach helps students to develop a comprehensive portfolio of skills, from statistical analysis to conducting randomized experiments and writing up their research findings. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This Element explores the colonial foundations and imperial design of offshore finance, arguing that tax havens are not anomalies but central to global capitalism. Centering the Caribbean and Puerto Rico, it shows how colonial legality and geopolitical subordination produced zones marked by a logic of inclusive exclusion, where secrecy, corporate power, and tax injustice are normalized. Drawing on TWAIL and law and political economy, the Element introduces the concepts of colonial state of exception and the corporate citizen as key legal formations of the colonial offshore economy. It examines how secrecy, financial services, and fintech enable corporations to externalize harm and evade accountability, and how tax reforms, like the OECD's Pillar Two and the UN Tax Convention, often reproduce colonial and racialized hierarchies. The Element concludes with a call to abolish the colonial offshore economy and to uplift grassroots movements across the Caribbean that demand transparency, sovereignty, and justice.
What sorts of beings have moral status, mattering morally for their own sake? Is tradition right to favor human beings or persons? Are progressive views right to include not only animals but insentient life? Might brain organoids or AI acquire moral status? In this book, David DeGrazia presents a thorough investigation of this topic. After introducing the concept of moral status and seven criteria for evaluating competing accounts, he examines humanism, personhood-based accounts, and progressive alternatives that focus on life, agency, and sentience. He contends that any viable account will have sentience at its core, and sketches three ethical theories that build from this core in distinct ways. He then explores implications for meat-eating, animal research, human-animal chimeras, brain organoids, and AI. His novel and philosophically penetrating exploration will be of strong interest to moral philosophers, scientists, and policymakers.
This Element gives an advanced introduction to string diagrams and graph languages for higher-order computation. The subject matter develops in a principled way, starting from the two dimensional syntax of key categorical concepts such as functors, adjunctions, and strictication, and leading up to Cartesian Closed Categories, the core mathematical model of the lambda calculus and of functional programming languages. This methodology inverts the usual approach of proceeding from syntax to a categorical interpretation, by rationally reconstructing a syntax from the categorical model. The result is a graph syntax-more precisely, a hierarchical hypergraph syntax-which in many ways is shown to be an improvement over the conventional linear term syntax. The rest of the Element focuses on applications of interest to programming languages: operational semantics, general frameworks for type inference, and complex whole-program transformations such as closure conversion and automatic differentiation. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
The Element advances understanding of women's representation by focusing on local office, where women might be expected to express greater interest and face fewer disadvantages. Using an original survey of civically and politically engaged people, the authors find that the ambition gender gap extends to local office, including elected and appointed positions. Ambitious women are also more likely to seek only local office. Men express high ambition in nearly every circumstance, but women do so only under ideal conditions. Women's engagement in their communities and in politics is driven by communal rather than agentic goals, which affects the types and levels of office they seek. Women's lower levels of perceived qualification and recruitment help explain the ambition gender gap at the local level. A more equitable political opportunity structure and an understanding of politics as an arena for problem-solving, rather than power-seeking, could help address women's underrepresentation.
This Element examines the relationship between mental health and religiosity from an evolutionary perspective. Drawing on psychology, anthropology, and health science, it explores the origins of religiosity and the cultural evolution of religious traditions to identify how religious beliefs, behaviors, and affiliations have influenced human psychosocial functioning over time. First, it defines the concepts of mental health and religiosity and then summarizes research on contemporary associations between them. This synthesis highlights the multidimensionality of each construct and the variability in their association across individuals and cultural contexts. Building on theory, the Element introduces a novel multilevel framework to explain how religiosity and mental health have interacted differently across evolutionary, cultural, and personal timescales. It concludes by considering applications of this evolutionary science, proposing that individuals who understand how religiosity and mental health are associated can more intentionally cultivate personal forms of religiosity that benefit, rather than hinder, well-being.