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American and British English in the twenty-first century are still divided by a common language. Now in its second edition, this highly readable guide provides an authoritative reference to English usage, covering the differences, and some emerging similarities, between British, American and international English. It has been thoroughly updated and expanded to document hundreds of variable points of usage for the benefit of British and American readers, and for those seeking international forms of English for written communication, as first- or second-language users. It discusses the current status of each usage item with quantitative evidence from the NOW (News on the Web) corpus and contemporary research. Lively examples of usage are provided to capture aspects of twenty-first century culture world-wide. It also discusses issues in the use of personal names and ethnic naming practices, as well as sexist and homophobic words, and person-centred words for those living with a disability.
International Law is the definitive and authoritative text on the subject. It has long been established as a leading authority in the field, offering an unbeatable combination of clarity of expression and academic rigour, ensuring understanding and analysis in an engaging and authoritative style. Explaining the leading rules, practice and caselaw, this treatise retains and develops the detailed referencing which encourages and assists the reader in further study. The 10th edition has been updated to reflect the most recent developments in the field, offering expanded coverage of the law of outer space, the law of the sea, the International Court of Justice, and international humanitarian law. Additional material has also been added to sections on cyber operations and non-state actors. International Law is invaluable for students and for those occupied in private practice, governmental service and international organisations.
An impressively comprehensive textbook adopting a phenomenological approach to quantum physics. The chapters cover everything from basic definitions of key concepts to detailed discussions of the underlying theoretical framework, walking students step-by-step through the necessary mathematics and drawing clear connections between the theory and the most important modern research applications including quantum optics, fluids, nanophysics, entanglement, information, and relativity. With this book, students and researchers will have access to hundreds of real-world examples, exercises, and illustrations to support and expand their understanding. Instructors can tailor the content to suit the length and level of their course and will have access to an online solutions manual with fully worked solutions to all 300+ exercises in the book. Other online resources include Python simulations, additional exercises, and detailed appendices.
The Cambridge Handbook of Behavioural Data Science offers an essential exploration of how behavioural science and data science converge to study, predict, and explain human, algorithmic, and systemic behaviours. Bringing together scholars from psychology, economics, computer science, engineering, and philosophy, the Handbook presents interdisciplinary perspectives on emerging methods, ethical dilemmas, and real-world applications. Organised into modular parts-Human Behaviour, Algorithmic Behaviour, Systems and Culture, and Applications—it provides readers with a comprehensive, flexible map of the field. Covering topics from cognitive modelling to explainable AI, and from social network analysis to ethics of large language models, the Handbook reflects on both technical innovations and the societal impact of behavioural data, and reinforces concepts in online supplementary materials and videos. The book is an indispensable resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policymakers who seek to engage critically and constructively with behavioural data in an increasingly digital and algorithmically mediated world.
In this book, Brice Halimi revives the connection between philosophy of language and philosophy of mathematics which founded analytic philosophy. Russell's logical analysis in The Principles of Mathematics aimed to identify the 'logical constants' of language with the 'indefinables' of mathematics. However context-sensitivity, which covers all the cases in natural language where the semantic content of an expression depends on the context of its utterance, is thought to hinder that program. In contrast, Halimi argues that context-sensitivity, approached as a radically dynamic process based on context-shift, is amenable to a mathematical counterpart, but that new mathematical concepts are needed. His approach leads to a renewed conception of semantic content, linguistic meaning, and their interaction, while also reconsidering the divide between semantics and pragmatics. The book will interest philosophers of language and philosophers of mathematics, and also has numerous applications to philosophy of mind, epistemology, logic, and linguistics.
Spain's musical history has often resided on – or been consigned to – the margins of historical narratives about mainstream European culture. As a result, Spanish music is universally popular but seldom well understood outside Iberia. This volume offers, for the first time in English, a comprehensive survey of music in Spain from the Middle Ages to the modern era, including both classical and popular traditions. With chapters from a group of leading music scholars, the book reevaluates the history of music in Spain, from devotional works of the Middle Ages and Renaissance to masterpieces of the postwar avant-garde. It surveys a deep legacy of classical music as well as a rich heritage of folklore comprising songs and dances from Spain's many regions, especially but not exclusively Andalusian flamenco. Folklore in turn informed the nationalist repertoire with which music lovers are most familiar, including pieces by Albéniz, Granados, Falla, Rodrigo, and many others.
In the aftermath of the assassination of United Healthcare CEO Brian Thompson in December 2024, everyday Americans took to social media to share stories of the challenges they'd faced trying to navigate the American health insurance system. Why did this event strike such a nerve with the American public? For a topic as central to the lives of Americans as healthcare, there is no book that examines the impact of coverage denial, whereby health insurers decide whether to cover health services that appear to be within the scope of a plan's benefits – not until now. In Coverage Denied, health policy professor Miranda Yaver offers a sobering account of the ways in which coverage denials damage patient health and exacerbate inequalities along income, education, and racial lines. Combining rich interview material with original survey data, Yaver draws critical attention to the tens of millions of medical claims denied by health insurers every year, shining a necessary light on our inequitable health care system.
This book offers a timely and insightful exploration of security exceptions in international trade and investment law, focusing on the growing tension between national security measures and global economic stability. Through in-depth analysis and case studies of major global players, it uncovers how current practices are shaping international trade governance. The book examines the challenges posed by overly broad or narrow security exceptions, proposes practical reforms to improve legal clarity, and suggests ways to enhance cooperation between international organizations like the WTO and the UN. Aimed at policymakers, legal professionals, and scholars, this book provides valuable recommendations to help navigate the evolving landscape of global trade, offering concrete solutions to balance national security concerns with the need for economic cooperation.
Amidst calls for a return to the high tax rates of the 1950s and 60s, this book examines the tax dodging that accompanied it. Lacking political will to lower the rate, Congress riddled the laws with loopholes, exemptions, and preferences, while largely accepting income tax chiseling's rise in American culture. The rich and famous openly invested in tax shelters and de-camped to exotic tax havens, executives revamped the compensation and retirement schemes of their corporations to suit their tax needs, and an industry of tax advisers developed to help the general public engage in their own form of tax dodging through exaggerated expense accounts, luxurious business travel on the taxpayer's dime, and self-help books on 'how the insider's get rich on tax-wise' investments. Tax dodging was a part of almost every restaurant bill, feature film, and savings account. It was literally woven into the fabric of society.
In the history of Western music, no single figure has been as closely tied to the Enlightenment as Beethoven: he is regarded as the composer who embodies ideals such as freedom and humanism that many celebrate as the Enlightenment's legacy. This view, however, rests on a very narrow conception of the Enlightenment that aggressively stresses secularism and political liberalism. More recent historical research has shown that the Enlightenment's outlook on political and religious issues was more diverse and nuanced than traditional accounts have depicted it. The essays in this volume consider how new ways of thinking about the Enlightenment can alter the way we understand Beethoven and his music. By rethinking Beethoven and the Enlightenment, this book questions the Beethoven we know in both the popular and scholarly imagination and redefines the role the composer plays in the history of Western music.
Autonomy is one of the central aspirations of our time, yet there is a growing worry that autonomy, as we have understood and practised it, has not liberated us but subjected us to new forms of domination. In his ground-breaking reinterpretation of Kant and Hegel, Thomas Khurana reveals the source of these problems in the very concept of autonomy and develops a new understanding of human self-determination. While the dominant conception of autonomy gives rise to the paradox of self-legislation and remains caught up in a dualistic opposition of freedom and nature, we can overcome these problems by understanding freedom as a form of life. Elaborating both Kant's and Hegel's compelling concepts of life, Khurana shows that we are not autonomous despite or against our living nature, but by inhabiting it in the right way. To understand freedom, we need a critical theory of our second nature.
There is a growing need for academic enquiry acknowledging the challenges surrounding successful prescribing for mental health. This book focuses on the act and skills of psychiatric prescribing and its psychosocial context, bringing together differing views on prescribing, assessing the challenges, and identifying useful principles and guidelines together. Covering a multitude of topics including interpreting and handling uncertainty in the clinical evidence, accounting for phases of illness and natural course, collaborating with allied professionals, addressing the meaning of medications, minimising structural barriers to medications; accounting for interactive effects of dietary factors, supplements and alternative remedies, and shared decision-making approaches. Case vignettes and accompanying analysis frame the issues relevant for psychiatric prescribers and offering an approach that strikes a balance between the biological, psychological and social elements of prescribing. For psychiatrists, clinical psychologists and all those involved with the care of patients with mental health conditions.
How should we conceive of the vulnerability which we all experience, and what import does it have for how we think of equality as a political ideal? How should the state express equal respect for its citizens in light of our common vulnerability, and the heightened vulnerability experienced by some citizens? What does it mean for us to treat each other as equals in light of the inevitable dependencies and vulnerabilities which colour our relationship with each other? This volume offers the first systematic exploration of the relationship between two increasingly central concepts in political and moral philosophy and theory, namely vulnerability and relational equality, with essays presenting a range of current philosophical perspectives on the pressing practical question of how to conceive of equality within society in light of vulnerability. It will be valuable for readers interested in political philosophy and theory, ethics, public policy and philosophy of law.
To defeat demagogues like Donald Trump, citizens must vote to defend democracy, otherwise it will not be there to defend them. Taking off from Max Weber's 'Vocation Lectures,' David Ricci's Defending Democracy therefore explores the idea of 'citizenship as a vocation,' which is a commitment to defending democracy by supporting leaders who will govern according to the Declaration of Independence's self-evident truths rather than animosity and polarizations. He examines the condition of democracy in states where it is endangered and where modern technology – television, internet, smart phones, social media, etc. – provides so much information and disinformation that we sometimes lack the common sense to reject candidates who have no business in politics. Arguing for the practice of good citizenship, Ricci observes that as citizens we have become the rulers of modern societies, in which case we have to fulfill our democratic responsibilities if society is to prosper.