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Through an examination of the unfolding of Neo-Confucian politics in traditional Korea, this book explores how the Confucian monarchs and scholar-officials during the Joseon dynasty (1392–1910) struggled to navigate themselves in the complex political terrains within the normative parameters set by Neo-Confucian moral principles and ritual norms. It begins with how Neo-Confucianism emerged as a revolutionary political ideology in late Goryeo (918-1392) through the creative reappropriation of righteousness, one of the cardinal Confucian virtues, from a personal moral virtue into a public moral principle that undergirds Joseon's Confucian constitutional structure. It then shows how later Korean Neo-Confucians labored to maintain Joseon's Confucian constitutionality (or the Public Way) against all sorts of contingencies, in both domestic and interstate contexts, often altering the very nature of Joseon's statehood and Confucian identity. Special attention is given to various visions of political realism developed by the Korean Neo-Confucian political actors, who actively used 'expediency'.
Floating solar farm technology is rapidly emerging as a powerful way to expand the provision of clean energy without using additional land. This book is the first comprehensive introduction to floating solar farms. Chapters are written by leading academics and practitioners who explore the connections between the technology, the environment, economics, and policy. This enables readers to understand the full project lifecycle and how engineering, regulation, finance, and environmental constraints interact in practice, supporting better decisions across technical, policy, and investment contexts. The book analyses the development of, and challenges posed by, real projects in reservoirs, hydropower lakes, and coastal waters. It combines clear explanations of the technology with insights from the people who design, finance, and operate the solar farms. The book is ideal for students, researchers, engineers, consultants, policymakers, and industry professionals who need clear, reliable insights into how to plan, design, and deliver floating solar projects worldwide.
This book offers a comprehensive introduction to nearly invariant subspaces, a subject of active contemporary research within functional analysis. Written for graduate students in mathematical analysis and suitable as a reference for experienced researchers, the book surveys the historical development of nearly invariant subspaces from their origins in the study of kernels of Toeplitz operators and invariant subspaces of shift operators. It presents recent advances, including applications to the invariant subspace problem, to truncated Toeplitz operators, and to strongly continuous semigroups of operators. Although mostly concerned with operators on Hardy spaces, the book includes a discussion of the subject in the context of Bergman and Dirichlet spaces too. The book begins with a chapter recalling basic results in analysis and function theory, and each chapter contains a selection of accessible exercises to supplement the text.
Older than the pyramids, Sumerian was used in ancient Mesopotamia (Southern Iraq). It is probably the world's first written language, and survives on clay tablets in the cuneiform script, dating from c.3000 BCE to the beginning of the Common Era. It abounds in simple inscriptions, ideal for beginners, but also boasts a wealth of more advanced writings, such as fascinating mythological poetry. This comprehensive textbook equips students to read the full range of texts – including the special variety of the language known as Emesal. Drawing on the authors' experience in the classroom, it uses intuitive terminology and also makes extensive use of diagrams, which unravel the language's structures in an easy-to-learn way. The examples and readings are all taken from original sources. The learning journey is further supported by exercises (with key), a full sign list and glossary, and online recordings with 'approximate pronunciations'.
Building on its critical and optimistic approach, the fully revised second edition of this textbook utilizes international relations theory and coverage of key historical events to give students a comprehensive, unbiased understanding of international politics backed by up-to-date research. Broad in scope, the book covers topics ranging from leadership and warfare to terrorism and global environmental threats. New to this edition is in-depth coverage of the Russo-Ukraine War and the Israel, Palestine, and Middle East Wars, and up-to-date context is added throughout with the inclusion of issues such as the Covid-19 pandemic and Brexit. The text is enhanced by box features and 'Close Up' sections providing further information, and 'Critical Case Studies' highlighting complex historical and current affairs. Through the evaluation of past and contemporary real-world issues and institutions, this textbook provides students of political science and international relations with the tools they need to think critically about global politics.
In History's Most Revolutionary Innovation, Victor Menaldo shows that America's AI dominance was not an accident of entrepreneurial culture or free markets. It was engineered — through four decades of bipartisan reforms to intellectual property, antitrust, telecommunications, and trade policy that quietly built the legal and economic scaffolding the digital economy required. Situating AI within the lineage of previous general purpose technologies like steam engines, electricity, and the microchip, and tracing its full arc from semiconductors to smartphones to large language models, Menaldo shows how a handful of dominant firms simultaneously captured outsized returns and spread innovation across global supply chains — and asks what happens now that the US, China, and the EU are retreating into competing, gated technology regimes. The result is the first comprehensive account of where AI came from, why its benefits have been uneven, and what will determine whether the AI revolution lifts living standards.
With contributions from a team of renowned scholars, this two-volume Handbook is a comprehensive guide to the Distributed Morphology (DM) framework, providing an overview of all major theoretical issues in morphology. This volume, the second, looks at morphology post-syntax within the Distributed Morphology (DM) framework, exploring its phonological and semantic aspects. It is divided into three parts; Parts I and II focus on morphology post-syntax, exploring its phonological and semantic aspects. Part III broadens the discussion to interfaces between morphology and other areas of linguistics and cognitive science, extending DM's reach well beyond core language components. Each chapter focuses on different theoretical issues, as well as empirical phenomena across a variety of languages. Filling a crucial gap in the domain of morphology, this volume is an essential resource for anyone who wants to understand the depth and scope of Distributed Morphology research.
With contributions from a team of renowned scholars, this two-volume Handbook is a comprehensive guide to the Distributed Morphology (DM) framework, providing an overview of all major theoretical issues in morphology. This volume, the first, covers the core components of DM, its historical context, and its foundational principles. It is divided into three parts; Part I introduces the basics of DM and compares it with alternative models, Part II delves into the core components of DM, and Part III addresses key issues for the syntax-morphology interface. Each chapter focuses on different theoretical issues, as well as empirical phenomena across a variety of languages. Filling a crucial gap in the domain of morphology, this volume is an essential resource for anyone who wants to understand the depth and scope of Distributed Morphology research.
In the 2010s, the United Nations embarked on a series of projects to embrace and respond to digital data technologies as part of its human rights agenda. Human rights for the Data Society argues that these efforts produced a world in which the biggest technology corporations and their data technologies are widely accepted as indispensable to the international human rights project: the data society. The UN did this through a series of technical projects that produce 'datafied' forms of human rights, whereby core concepts and practices of rights are understood by reference to or performed through digital data technologies, and where the human of human rights recedes into the data. Thus, when human rights practitioners – at the UN and beyond – use datafied forms of human rights, they play a significant role in making the data society possible. By the same token, they also play a significant role in foreclosing alternative possibilities – of worlds in which human rights and digital data technologies might be imagined differently.
Why do people support or resist climate solutions? And what actually moves societies from concern to action? This book brings together leading scholars in psychology to answer these urgent questions. Spanning cognition, emotion, values, misinformation, social norms, identity, culture, decision-making, and collective action, it offers the most comprehensive synthesis to date of the psychological forces shaping climate outcomes. Moving beyond abstract debates, the volume focuses explicitly on solutions: how to increase public support for effective policy, counter polarization and conspiracy beliefs, leverage social norms, mobilize social movements, and design interventions that bridge individual behaviors and systemic change. Each chapter combines rigorous scientific evidence with clear implications for practice, culminating in a policy-oriented summary for practitioners. Accessible yet authoritative, this work is an essential resource for anyone seeking a science-based roadmap to advancing effective and equitable climate action. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
School board meetings have become the battleground for some of the most contentious political battles in the United States, but their importance extends beyond current hot-button issues. In Democracy Speaks, Jonathan E. Collins offers a groundbreaking exploration of how local school boards shape public voice, democratic accountability, and educational equity. Collins presents the importance of public discourse at school board meetings as central to effective school board governance, and more broadly shows how everyday civic spaces like school board meetings can either deepen or erode trust in government. The book also develops a new theoretical lens for thinking about democratic accountability in this setting - 'deliberative culture' - to trace how discursive norms can result in impactful school reform. At a time when public education is caught in political crossfire, this book offers a hopeful, research-driven framework for reimagining school governance as a site of meaningful public engagement.
Aimed at undergraduate students, this text guides readers through the methods and principles of machine learning in an approachable manner without sacrificing mathematical precision or notation. Step-by-step explanations allow students to grasp complicated mathematical calculations and translate the theory and mathematics into programming and applications. The text presents machine learning concepts visually, and uses example datasets from fictional hippopotamuses and illustrations to explain the material in a unique, but easily understood and engaging way. Worked examples connect the mathematics and algorithms to real-world applications and enable students to utilize this technology in new and ever-changing circumstances. Topics covered include Bayesian reasoning, linear regression and classification, margin-based classification, cross-validation, neural networks, decision trees, clustering and dimensionality reduction. End-of-chapter mathematical exercises and additional coding projects reinforce application and decision-making skills.
Capitalist development has lifted some segments of the globe to considerable affluence, but too many individuals and countries have been left behind. Diagnosing Capitalism analyses capitalism from a multidisciplinary perspective, focusing on the different ways in which capitalism has developed in the Global North and the Global South. It reframes capitalism not as a neutral economic system, but as a regime of rule that organises subjectivity, institutions, and moral imagination. Featuring both theoretical and case-study chapters from highly renowned thinkers in the field of political economy, it draws on feminist, postcolonial, legal, and heterodox traditions to explore how valuation, financialisation, extractivism, and adaptive co-optation sustain global inequalities. It highlights how caste, coloniality, and welfare bureaucracies are not external to capitalism but central to its functioning. In doing so, it shows that no matter what theoretical lens we use to assess capitalism, its consequences and limitations cannot be ignored.
In 1773 Phillis Wheatley Peters became the first person of African descent to publish a book, when she was barely twenty years old, and still enslaved. Her book made her the earliest international celebrity of African descent, just a dozen years after she had been brought from Africa to America. She became the unofficial poet laureate of the American Revolution, only to die in poverty and relative obscurity in 1784. Recent biographical discoveries related to John Peters and Phillis Wheatley's marriage to him in 1778 have led to significant reassessments of her life and character. As the Cambridge Introduction to Phillis Wheatley Peters demonstrates, she has subsequently become recognized as a pioneer of American and African American literature. Her standing as a transnational literary figure is increasingly appreciated as criticism of her writings has become more sophisticated.
George MacDonald (1824–1905) remains one of the most persistently read and beloved of the Victorians. His fairy tales and children's books have delighted generations of young readers, while his sermons, essays, and poems still offer startling insights into life and literature. He has increasingly been recognised as one of Scotland's most important nineteenth-century novelists. Here, seventeen new essays from an international, diverse group of scholars illuminate the crucial aspects of MacDonald's remarkable, varied works. The chapters are organised around MacDonald's life, major genres, and central themes, and provide clear points of entry for students, researchers, and curious readers. For readers approaching MacDonald's works for the first time and for those renewing a long acquaintance, The Cambridge Companion to George MacDonald is an indispensable guide. With a foreword by Malcom Guite and an afterword by Roderick McGillis.
The Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations, enacted in 1991, establishes a reduced fine for a corporation convicted of a regulatory offense if the corporation had an 'effective compliance and ethics program' at the time of the offense. Prior to enactment, very few Fortune 500 companies had such programs; within a few years, they all did. This sudden growth points to a financial motive. After all, if compliance had been driven by ethics, these programs should have already been in place. Ethics of Risk Management highlights how corporate practice tends to focus on the firm's financial risks, leaving little to no role for ethical reflection. The book finds this financial approach to compliance lacking and brings ethical issues to the fore. Drawing on multiple case studies, it offers an alternative approach to compliance that tempers risk management with a nuanced jurisprudential view coupled with robust notions of the firm's political obligations.
What exactly are viewers or audiences expected to appreciate when language is put on display? What kinds of ideologies about language underpin such displays? Does language operate differently when it becomes the intended object of display as opposed to when it is being used for regular communication? Language is often 'invisible' because we use it without thinking too much about it. The study of language on display makes the invisible visible. Drawing on examples of the display of language in multiple contexts: museums, exhibitions, contests, celebrations, this book analyses cases where language is deliberately offered up as an object for contemplation, entertainment, and even decoration; language as spectacle in and of itself. It provides an innovative theorisation that shows how the subjectification process involved – where people are treated more as viewers than users – entrenches an objectivist understanding of language. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.