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Women who prepared food for the enslaved, rather than enslavers, have been neglected in historical scholarship. Their labor within the quarters has been marginalized, belittled, and even ignored, because it fell within the remit of gendered care and nurture. In this book, Emily West illustrates how these mostly older women performed vital roles in slaveholding sites, as their enslavers increasingly tried to regulate food distribution, preparation, and consumption. Enslavers attempted to impose highly efficient, communal food regimes to minimize waste and time lost from work elsewhere. They routinely tasked older women with the feeding and care of infants, but also deployed them to prepare food for children and enslaved adults to eat collectively. Conversely, in the relative privacy of the quarters, where enslaved people preferred to eat, cooking became both a form of gendered exploitation, and an expression of love, empowerment, and pleasure.
The Cambridge History of Irish Poetry is a one-volume, multi-authored history of the poetic traditions on the island of Ireland and their relation to the courses of poetry beyond its shores. It attends to the crucial developments in the history of Irish poetry as well as the social, political, and cultural conditions underlying those developments, including the complex position of poets in Ireland during different historical eras. Individual chapters describe the ways in which formal, aesthetic, and compositional practices were inflected by political and social structures; provide expert accounts of the institutional and textual histories that have shaped the body of Irish poetry as we have it; and highlight the tradition's major texts, writers, and formations. Unparalleled in scope and depth, this book offers the most comprehensive and authoritative critical account of the Irish poetic tradition.
Early modern England was a primarily oral culture, in which deafness and hearing loss could be particularly devastating. Yet, deaf people were a considerable minority in the early modern British Isles and deafness did not discriminate by sex, wealth, or status. By placing deaf people at the centre of the story, Silent Histories transforms our understanding of early modern England. Using newly discovered archival sources including diaries, court records, wills and personal correspondence, Rosamund Oates uncovers a world in which deaf people used sign language in court cases, in worship and in daily life. Rather than treating deafness as a medical or linguistic problem, this book offers a holistic account of deafness or disability in this period. Oates uncovers the untold stories of deaf people, often in their own words, showing how they worshipped, worked and forged relationships within their communities. Accessible and richly detailed, Silent Histories invites a fresh understanding of the past—one that is more inclusive, more surprising, and far more human.
The scholars of the Sasanian empire-the late antique superpower whose extensive territories encompassed much of Mesopotamia, the Iranian plateau, and the Caucasus-played a pivotal role in world intellectual history. They developed a distinctive synthesis of Indian and Greco-Roman learning, which would have a formative impact on Islamic civilization in the wake of the empire's fall to Arab armies in the 7th century CE. Drawing on a wide range of texts in languages including Arabic, Middle Persian, Syriac, Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit, Thomas Benfey closely examines these scholars, their contributions, and the shifting contexts in which they lived and worked. From the court of the sixth-century King of Kings Khusrō I to early Abbasid Baghdad, this book explores key developments in philosophy, medicine, and astral science and the institutional and historical contexts in which they took place. Benfey highlights the distinctive features of this decisive era, tracing intellectual continuity and change into the early Islamic period.
Regime transitions often raise expectations for sweeping policy change-yet those expectations are not always realized. Focusing on the mechanisms linking regime type and policy, Policy in Transition explains how, and under which conditions, policy changes are likely to occur after a regime transition. Whether policies change depends on how the transition reshapes the space for contestation and on the visibility of the policy in question. This finding argument is supported through an in-depth comparative historical analysis of the evolution of housing and financial policies across regime types changes in Argentina and Brazil since the 1960s. Drawing on extensive archival materials, public records, historical media, and interviews with key actors, the book studies policymaking across different authoritarian and democratic regimes providing nuanced insights into the relationship between political regimes and policy change.
We are living in an increasingly polarized political world. Partisans routinely view members of opposing political parties as out-of-touch, stupid, crazy, or even evil. This book calls for the creation of a more collaborative democracy to bridge these divides. It does so by noting that modern democracy is based primarily on adversarial practices – we seek to solve political problems through debating, campaigning, and voting. Drawing on an 18-month study, Michael F. Mascolo shows how individuals with opposing beliefs were able to use the principles and practices of conflict resolution to address three contentious socio-political issues: school dress codes, capital punishment, and race relations involving the police. Their success illustrates how collaborative problem-solving can generate genuine, shared solutions to seemingly intractable problems, offering insights for scholars and practitioners seeking to reduce polarization and strengthen democratic life. An essential read for researchers, politicians, and policy makers interested in resolving political polarization.
Combining cross-linguistic typology, experimental data and formal analysis, this book introduces a new theoretical model for understanding how and why vowels change in unstressed syllables - Mora Loss and Restoration (MLR) Theory. In MLR, unstressed vowels lose moras – phonological elements that represent duration. This loss, which is distinct from Feature Loss, has pervasive phonological and phonetic effects, but can be reversed later in the derivation. This book addresses methodological challenges, emphasizing the importance of morphophonological alternations and acoustic measurements, and offers a comprehensive typology of vowel reduction patterns. The theory is backed up with a wealth of data from New Zealand English and European Portuguese speakers, bridging abstract phonological theory with concrete evidence. Written for researchers and students of phonology, phonetics and morphology, this book is a valuable resource for those exploring the theoretical and empirical dimensions of vowel reduction across languages, and especially the interaction of prosody and segments.
There is much recent talk of shifting power dynamics in international relations and of expanding Chinese influence abroad. How much of this talk is hype and how much of it reflects reality? This volume provides an up-to-date and comparative studies of Beijing's influence attempts abroad in a variety of countries. It shows significant variations across these countries, and often the limits of Chinese influence.
Offering a concise yet comprehensive overview, this textbook explains the fundamental concepts and frameworks that underpin the field of public health. Chapters define key terms and cover topics such as measuring health, technology, equity, leadership, health systems and reform. Real-world health issues, including COVID-19, obesity, HIV/AIDS and climate change, are used to make abstract ideas more easily digestible. Designed for students and professionals interested in public health, it includes learning objectives, illustrative examples, summaries of key takeaways, and comprehension and discussion questions to aid navigation and learning. An instructor manual and test bank are available as supplementary resources.
Imagining Transitional Justice contends that reflective narratives encompass conceptualisations of the processes of (re)building lives and societies after war and genocide. It shows how narratives produced slowly in and through the arts and law construct meaning and operationalise the notions of truth, justice, healing and reconciliation in the wake of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda and Yugoslav Wars. In doing so, this book contributes to the ongoing task of theorising transitional justice and establishing shared meanings of the core concepts of the field. The book analyses stories and encounters that imagine different futures through methods of 'law and literature'. Four case studies bring together creative narratives, such as a novel or film, and legal cases from the ICTY and ICTR. The book locates legal and creative narratives as part of knowledge production, reflecting on their critical potential in transitional justice.
Most people not only believe in free will but assume that if we didn't have it society would fall apart. Gregg Caruso challenges this assumption and argues that belief in free will, rather than being a good thing, actually has a dark side and we would be better off without it. His book develops an ethically defensible and practically workable account of how we can live well—indeed, live better—without belief in free will. The book discusses the moral psychology of blame and anger, the intricacies of our moral responsibility practices, and how we can preserve love, morality, creativity, friendship, and criminal and social justice without free will. He also develops an account of virtue ethics and argues not only that it is consistent with free will skepticism, but that adopting the skeptical perspective can better help us achieve the virtues most important to human flourishing and wellbeing.
How do cities shape the planet, and how can we shape cities for a sustainable future? This book explores how urbanization drives global environmental change and how cities function as dynamic ecosystems within the Earth system. Connecting urban ecology, Earth system science and socio-environmental thinking, it provides the knowledge and perspective to understand cities not just as challenges but as critical spaces for innovation and change. From air and water systems to energy flows, biodiversity, and climate impacts, it offers clear frameworks, real-world case studies, and tools for analyzing urban ecosystems and their impacts across scales. Written in accessible language, the book is for both physical and social scientists working in urban ecology, urban planning and sustainability. It will equip advanced students, researchers and professionals with the knowledge and tools to reimagine cities as critical hubs of resilience and sustainable innovation.
Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986) made important contributions to ethics, social philosophy, and the philosophy of the body, and was also a prize-winning novelist. Her book The Second Sex (1949) made a huge impact as part of the second wave of feminist thought. This accessible study examines Beauvoir's philosophy across all her works, including not only The Second Sex, The Ethics of Ambiguity and her essays, but also her novels, autobiography, travel diaries and memoirs. Her key ideas are analysed, including freedom and self-creation -- with special attention to their constraints and limitations – solidarity, and the role of other people in a person's existence. Her views of women's lived experience, motherhood, the body, illness, and death are related to our own time, with examples from current affairs, literature, cinema, and social media. The result is a fresh perspective on Beauvoir's philosophy and its enduring power to illuminate existential and social realities.
How do we describe the collective identity of people who make a popular revolution? Notwithstanding marked differences, most accounts understand revolutionary collectives as partisan and relegate spectators to irrelevance-or, worse, to the ignominy of cowards and traitors. Revisiting histories of the 1979 revolution in Iran, Arash Davari explores how millions of people defied expectations and joined popular assemblies to demand the fall of the Pahlavi regime. Through the lens of recent global social movements, Insurgent Witness presents an archetype of collective identity as partisan and spectator at once. Combining novel findings with a fresh methodological approach to previously considered collections, this book presents a distinct concept of revolutionary subjectivity-one that describes the terms of mass revolt in Iran and at the same time challenges prevailing assumptions about social change and popular sovereignty in contemporary political thought.