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Many believe that the power to start wars is the most important issue of constitutional war powers-and perhaps the most important issue of constitutional law altogether. Yet this fixation on the power to start wars obscures equally important questions. Who has the power to prepare for war, deter it, conduct it, decide its aims, or end it? Although many democracies wrestle with these constitutional questions, the United States stands apart in that no other written constitution has had to function over time across such dramatic transformations in national military power and radical swings in strategy for wielding it. To show the many ways that political leaders have adapted law-in war, in peace, and in the gray zones between-this book weaves together the stories of American constitutional war powers, military history, and grand strategy from the Revolutionary War to possible conflicts of the future. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
By offering a comparative analysis of Salafi movements in Tunisia, Théo Blanc advances a systematic theory explaining variation in Salafi pathways of political engagement, built around the concepts of subjective and processual opportunities. The book first explores how Salafism developed in the country and crystallised into distinct currents – scholastic, political, and Jihadi – and then examines their respective adaptations to the 2010–11 revolution and evolutions during the democratisation decade (2011–21). This evolution culminated in what Blanc calls a shift towards post-Salafism, defined as a re-hierarchisation of actors' priorities in action. Blanc draws on rich fieldwork material, including interviews with the founding figures of Salafism in Tunisia, leading Salafi clerics and ideologues, and Salafi and Islamist party leaders, alongside original documentary sources. In doing so, Salafism in Tunisia makes a significant contribution to key debates in political science and Islamic studies, including inclusion-moderation, post-Islamism, political opportunity structure, politicisation, and the conceptualisation of both Salafism and Islamism.
Minimalism – a long-established branch of Chomsky's Generative approach - has become increasingly influential not just in syntactic research, but across, and outside of, linguistics. Bringing together a team of renowned scholars, this handbook provides a comprehensive guide to current developments in generative syntactic theory, and its relevance to the interfaces, and to interdisciplinary applications to linguistics and beyond. Organised into five thematic parts, chapters cover minimalist perspectives on the linguistic interfaces, language in context and language development, formalist approaches to experimental syntax and computational modelling, and inter- and multidisciplinary explorations beyond language - including language pathologies, evolutionary perspectives, non-human cognition, and biolinguistics. Bringing together different theoretical points of view on the narrow syntactic and interface areas of theoretical linguistics, it is essential reading for academic researchers and advanced students across various subfields of linguistics, including syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, discourse, language contact, and language change.
Covering the earliest known Anglophone literature for children from its medieval forms, its evolution in the early modern period and towards its emergence in the world of print culture, this volume explores the very foundations of the field through to its establishment as a popular genre for nineteenth-century consumers. In-depth discussion of specific sub-periods is provided in the opening chapters, while the remainder trace both major and more subtle changes in genre and style over time, charting an age of experimentation in form including both successful innovations and frequent failed attempts. The geographical range primarily focuses on the British Isles, but chapters also investigate early developments in children's books from North America and the wider impacts of colonialism and slavery. The shifting currents of didacticism and reading for pleasure across a variety of genres, bolstered by Enlightenment educational ideals, intersect here with new thinking about politics, sex, science, and faith.
Following the landmark Citizens United ruling in 2010, a new era for campaigns has taken shape, not only at the federal and state level but also in many US cities. Super PACs in the City examines the transformation of the political landscape in urban America since then, providing the first book-length, data-driven account of how outside money has moved into local elections for city council, mayor, and school boards. Drawing on original candidate-level datasets and cross-city evidence, the book identifies when money moves votes, maps which races are most exposed, and explains how accountability weakens when information cues are thin. Case studies of New York City and Los Angeles bring the story to life, from Flash PACs built for a single election cycle to factional branding in cities where one party routinely wins. The book also discusses practical, actionable reforms that can be implemented to restore the balance and integrity to local democracy, providing a roadmap for policymakers and citizens alike.
The modern world has moved beyond the Information Age and entered a new era of industry, automation, and 'intelligence.' How might the law preserve human value in the wake of rapid societal transformation? Is the field even equipped to do so? Humans in Exile offers a unique, interdisciplinary approach to addressing the societal stress and existential threats caused by these rapid developments, bringing the reader to the essential point of what it is to be human. The book reveals the historical and theoretical ties between science, technology, and government and demonstrates how scientism and technological determinism have steered legal decision-making in the wrong direction. The book concludes by providing an array of examples of law in action to address cutting edge challenges, such as surveillance, AI, and toxic waste. Humans in Exile posits that privacy is not dead and humans remain valued and resilient under the law.
Multiracial youth is the fastest growing demographic in the USA, yet current research has only offered limited perspectives on their identities, relationships, and development. This handbook bridges that gap by combining cutting-edge research with practical guidance to support Multiracial young people's unique experiences and encourage future inquiry. It features clear explanations for how “Multiracial” is defined and explores the identity development, cultural navigation, and social challenges of Multiracial youth and their families. Featuring multidisciplinary contributions from experts across psychology, family studies, and child development, the chapters synthesize past and current research while guiding the creation of supportive environments, addressing microaggressions, and advocating for equity and representation. The volume equips researchers and practitioners to empower Multiracial youth and promote understanding among peers, while also providing a vital framework highlighting the unique Multiracial experience. It is an essential resource for any educational or community setting seeking to cultivate a sense of belonging.
Billions flow through illicit trade annually, harming societies and economies, yet the International Community struggle to respond effectively. This book provides a groundbreaking, integrated perspective, bridging the divide between Public International Law and WTO Law to offer a cohesive strategy against illicit trade. It starts by proposing a much-needed definition and innovative typologies – like per se vs de facto – to systematically understand the phenomenon. Real-world case studies and analysis of state regulatory measures illustrate the practical challenges. The author critiques the WTO's evasive stance, dissecting key dispute settlement cases, and introduces the concept of 'International Law Against Illicit Trade' (ILAIT) based on established legal principles. Offering more than mere critique, the book culminates in specific, actionable proposals for WTO reform, making a compelling case for adapting trade rules to fight illicit trade effectively. This book is a vital resource for anyone involved in international trade law and policy.
How can Christians navigate the kaleidoscopic landscape of devotion to Jesus? In this study, Higton explores what it might mean to worship and follow the Jesus who can wear so many faces and call with so many voices. Higton proposes a high Christology, in which the Word is the image of God's inexhaustible life, the incarnation makes that Word present in flesh that is itself inexhaustible, and the Spirit unfolds this inexhaustible life in a profusion of forms of devotion. Each such form is an improvisation upon Scripture and an experiment in love, and each also fraught with failure. In conversation with Black, womanist, and trans theologies, Higton argues that, for all the problems that beset it, the classical Christological tradition can be a resource for liberative theologies. He also shows that works of doctrinal theology can remain visibly rooted in specific lives and contexts, and oriented towards mercy, justice, and love.
In this transformative study, Simon Smith explores how playwrights like Shakespeare crafted their plays for demanding and varied commercial audiences. Rediscovering the many forms of judgement practised in the early modern playhouse, he investigates influences ranging from the classical tradition and grammar-school classroom to ballad and jest culture. Where many prior studies have treated 'the judicious' as a self-contained subset of playgoers, Smith reveals the variety of careful assessments made in the theatre by a wide range of playgoers, showing that judgement and pleasure were often simultaneous elements of the same response. Chapters examine specific parts of plays that were especially subject to evaluation and generative of enjoyment: spectacle, words, plot, and actorly technique. Close readings shed fresh light on much-studied plays such as Hamlet and Volpone, as well as exploring several unfairly overlooked plays.
Conquer the postgraduate exam with this expertly designed question bank from a consultant-mentor with twnety-five years of global ICU leadership experience. Featuring over 1,000 evidence-based MCQs mapped to the official curriculum, the book is structured into organ-system chapters that progress from Foundation to Challenge level. Each question includes detailed explanations referencing landmark trials, COVID-era guidelines, and essential literature to accelerate high-yield learning. Realistic case vignettes, pacing strategies, and alerts for common pitfalls are all included alongside relevant background information and references for further reading. Featuring three full mock papers with corresponding answer sheets which simulate authentic testing conditions, supporting both long-term preparation and last-minute review. Covering the entire syllabus, this compact resource delivers clinical insight and exam agility for confident performance. Perfect for trainee intensivists and anaesthetists worldwide preparing for examinations in intensive care medicine.
In the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, child actors were ubiquitous in popular theatre forms across the US, Britain, and Australasia. In this first transnational study of child actors, Gillian Arrighi reveals their popularity with the audiences who flocked to see them in dramas, musical comedies, vaudeville, variety, and pantomime, and how they were photographed, written about, and worried about in the print media of the day. Embodying a unique blend of innocence, joy and competence, they appeared alongside the biggest stars of the era and toured vast distances, some of them earning enormous salaries. When anglophone societies were constructing modern childhood through social, labour, and education reforms, it was the popular theatre, Arrighi shows, where audiences went to see transformational ideas about children and childhood brought to life.
Highlighting the vibrancy and courage of women's contributions to the Romantic era's cultural politics, this History explores the period's British incarnations from the perspective of women to demonstrate how female accomplishment challenged women's secondary social status and initiated an early form of feminist protest and gender study. Separate chapters examine the media that women used – including (but not limited to) song, music, needlework, drawing, and empirical experimentation – and the range of venues and locales where they performed their gender identities and cultural assessments. While making space for writers, writing, and textual literacy, the History resists prevalent bias toward these media as agents of social transformation, prioritizing instead collective, improvisatorial, and embodied modes of creativity and protest. Recognizing the contested nature of both 'British Romanticism' and 'women' in today's critical discourse, this major work puts these two constructed entities into dialogue to explore the history and evolution of their creative critical interactions.
Progress in the Social Sciences examines the degree to which social scientists have made progress in their understanding of democracy and democratic transitions. It provides a framework to assess social science research and a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the field of democracy studies from the late eighteenth century to the present. The book finds that sustained progress has been made by the social sciences and that progress has come through the development of concepts, theories, data, and empirical tests. Moreover, the book argues that advances in knowledge have been made via bold innovations rather than through many small incremental steps. Driven by a desire to better understand whether the social sciences contribute to knowledge about societies and their problems, Progress in the Social Sciences is an ambitious and innovative work that counters the pessimistic views about accomplishments in the social sciences. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Einstein's theory of relativity, the butterfly effect, deep learning, game theory. If you've heard these buzzwords but are a bit fuzzy on the details, then this book is for you. Professor Lev Reyzin will take you on a fascinating whirlwind tour of the science behind these concepts, answering your burning questions about Pangea, DNA, and what exactly is quantum computing. Using clear language and emphasizing big ideas over technical details, this book shows that science can be enjoyed by everyone. Each chapter explores a different foundational scientific idea, ending with a brief history of the topic, further reading, and more technical details for the mathematically inclined reader. Much of science is developed through curiosity about the world around us, and this book will help feed that curiosity in you.
Sixty years after their final collaboration Rodgers and Hammerstein remain central figures in the world of musical theatre, and their global influence continues to be felt. This Companion presents their iconic work for a new generation of students, teachers and fans, giving both historical context and new perspectives on the partners, the people with whom they collaborated, and the shows they created. A chapter is devoted to each musical, from Oklahoma! to The Sound of Music, providing key information about that work in both its staged and film versions, and analysis of its distinctive features including those that present challenges for practitioners, audiences and researchers today. The volume also introduces the early careers of both creators and Rodgers's work after Hammerstein's death. The contributions represent a variety of complementary disciplinary backgrounds that can serve as models for future study not just on Rodgers and Hammerstein but also on musical theatre more generally.
The Hellenistic kings following Alexander the Great harboured imperial ambitions to rule the entire known world. While such pretensions were unrealised on the ground, the distortions of court geographers could depict these hyperbolic claims to universal empire. However, not all geographers were uncritical ciphers. Leveraging their status as royal philoi (friends), certain scholars utilised scientific tools to speak truth to power (parrhesia), their maps placing sobering limits on the flattering propaganda of the court. By applying modern geographical tools to ancient texts, this book reveals how court geography functioned as an integral part of contested discourse. While some produced imperial propaganda, others under the Ptolemies and Seleukids used maps to place limits on their kings' reach. In a culture wary of sycophants' honeyed words, science provided an antidote to unrestrained propaganda. This study offers vital insights into how scholars can challenge the excesses of authoritarian regimes.
Renewal in Contemporary Islamic Thought and Society explores the shifting perspectives and debates in contemporary Islamic thought. Seeking solutions to 21st-century social issues and modern Muslim needs, Muhammad Al-Atawneh presents a fresh assessment of Islamic renewal (tajdid), Muslim ethics, and intellectual revitalization, while also reassessing Islam's image and role in the modern world today. He interrogates the dynamics of renewal in Islam by reevaluating the methods by which traditional Islamic principles may be realigned to handle modern challenges. By aligning religious practice with contemporary circumstances, he also examines efforts addressing current social problems and that advance justice, equality, and good governance within the framework of Islamic tradition. Al-Atawneh demonstrates how academic inquiry stimulate a healthy intellectual culture within Muslim society. A transformative examination of renewal within Islamic thought, his astute analysis also shows how Islamic teachings and modern science can coexist, generating a harmonious coexistence between religion and reason.