In a recent paper1 γ-matrices were constructed summing the binomial series at isolated points to its right value. It is assumed that the reader is able to refer to this paper and is familiar with its notation and terminology.

The object of this note is to give the construction of γ-matrices which sum the binomial series at an isolated point to an arbitrary given value, while inside the circle of convergence the generalised sum is necessarily the right value.

A near-ring N is a set N with binary operations + and · satisfying the conditions (1) (N, +) is a group, (2) (N, ·) is a semigroup, and (3) · satisfies one of the distributive laws over +. (N, +) need not be an abelian group and if the left distributive law holds, i.e. a · (b + c) = a · b + a · c for all a, b, c ∈ N, then N is called a left near-ring. Similarly, the notion of a right near-ring may be defined.

In a previous paper [Spain, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. LX (1940), 134], I have shown that the application of the cardinal function to the problem of interpolating the derivatives yields the result

This formula is valid for x > a (the constant of integration), and R(n) < 0. The analytical continuation for R(n) ≥ 0. is indicated in the paper just quoted. The first term is the familiar expression for a fractional derivative, but the second term is not Riemann's complementary function. Furthermore, this result is unsatisfactory because it is impossible to perform the repeated operation of a fractional derivative of a fractional derivative.

In his recent paper on partitions (1), Jakub Intrator proved that the number p(n, k) of partitions of n into exactly k summands, 1 < k ≦ n, is given by a polynomial of degree exactly k − 1 in n, the first [(k+1)/2] coefficients of which (starting with the coefficient of the highest degree term), are independent of n and the rest depend on the residue of n modulo the least common multiple of the integers 1, 2, 3, …, k. He even showed (ignoring the case k = 3) that the [(k+3)/2]-th coefficient in the polynomial depends only on the parity of n and is not the same for n even and n odd.

We prove that Finsler metrics on Euclidean domains can be approximated in a certain sense by so-called Finsler-type metrics. As an application we improve upon previous estimates on the fundamental solution of higher order parabolic equations.

Whittaker and Ruse have developed forms of Gauss's theorem in general relativity, their theorems connecting integrals of normal force taken over a closed 2-space V2 with integrals involving the distribution of matter taken over an open 3-space bounded by V2. The definition of force employed by them involves the introduction of a normal congruence (with unit tangent vector λi), the “force” relative to the congruence being the negative of the first curvature vector of the congruence (– δλi/δs). This appears at first sight a natural enough definition, because – δλi/δs at an event P represents the acceleration relative to the congruence of a free particle travelling along a geodesic tangent to the congruence at P. In order to give physical meaning to this definition of force it is necessary to specify the congruence λi physically, and it would seem most natural to choose the congruence of world-lines of flow of the medium. Supposing certain conditions satisfied by this congruence (cf. Ruse, loc. cit.), the theory of Ruse is applicable, and from this follows a form of Gauss's theorem.

The recent papers (6), (7) of J. T. Marti have revived interest in the concept of extended bases, introduced in (1) by M. G. Arsove and R. E. Edwards. In the present note, two results are established which involve this idea. The first of these, which is given in a more general setting, restricts the behaviour of the coefficients for an extended basis in a certain type of locally convex space. The second result extends the well-known weak basis theorem (1, Theorem 11).

1. Let w(x) be a non-negative weight function for the finite interval (a, b) such that exists and is positive, and let Tr(x), r = 0, 1, 2,…be the corresponding orthonormal system of polynomials. Then if F(x) is continuous on (a, b) and has “Fourier” coefficients

Parseval's formula gives

If M is a mathematical system and End M is the set of singular endomorphisms of M, then End M forms a semigroup under composition of mappings. A number of papers have been written to determine the subsemigroup SM of EndM generated by the idempotents EM of End M for different systems M. The first of these was by J. M. Howie [4]; here the case of M being an unstructured set X was considered. Howie showed that if X is finite, then End X = Sx.

In [4] we have shown that any two semi-simple weighted convolution algebras L1(ω1) and L1(ω2) are isomorphic. In this paper, given any two radical weighted convolution algebras L1(ω1) and L1(ω2) we find necessary and sufficient conditions, in terms of ω1 and ω2, for L1(ω1) and L1(ω2) to be isomorphic.

In this paper, I introduce a class of arrangements called arrays of strength d and discuss methods of constructing them with the help of finite geometrical configurations and algebraic groups involving elements of a Galois field. The definitions of arrays of strength d and other configurations that are used are given below.

These equations are solved by the ordinary methods applicable to linear equations with constant coefficients.

There is a group of Tauberian theorems of which the simplest isone due to K. Ananda Rau [Theorem 2 of the paper numbered 1 inthe list of references at the end of the note]. More complicatedtheorems of the same group are discussed in a paper by S.Minakshisundaram and myself to be published by the LondonMathematical Society [4].

1. An arbitrary (k– 1)-dimensional hyperplane disconnects K-dimensional Euclidean space Ek into two disjoint half-spaces. If a set of N points in general position in Ek is given [nok +1 in a (k–1)-plane, no k in a (k–2)-plane, and so on], then the set is partitione into two subsets by the hyperplane, a point belonging to one or the other subset according to which half-space it belongs to; for this purpose the half-spaces are considered as an unordered pair.