In this paper we shall first show that if T is a class A(k) operator then its operator transform is hyponormal. Secondly we prove some spectral properties of T via . Finally we show that T has property (β).

We show that the sum and the product of two commuting operators with the single-valued extension property need not inherit this property.

Waves on a neutrally buoyant intrusion layer moving into otherwise stationary fluid are studied. There are two interfacial free surfaces, above and below the moving layer, and a train of waves is present. A small amplitude linearized theory shows that there are two different flow types, in which the two interfaces are either in phase or else move oppositely. The former flow type occurs at high phase speed and the latter is a low-speed solution. Nonlinear solutions are computed for large amplitude waves, using a spectral type numerical method. They extend the results of the linearized analysis, and reveal the presence of limiting flow types in some circumstances.

We present a theory that enables us to construct heteroclinic connections in closed form for $2\bf{u}_{xx}=W_{\bf u}({\bf u})$, where $x\in\mathbb{R},\;{\bf u}(x)\in \mathbb{R}^2$ and $W$ is a smooth potential with multiple global minima. In particular, multiple connections between global minima are constructed for a class of potentials. With these potentials, numerical simulations for the vector Allen-Cahn equation ${\bf u}_t= 2\epsilon^2 \Delta {\bf u}-W_{\bf u}({\bf u})$ in two space dimensions with small $\epsilon>0$, show that between any fixed pair of phase regions, interfaces are partitioned into segments of different energy densities, where the proportions of the length of these segments are changing with time. Our results imply that for the case of triple-well potentials the usual Plateau angle conditions at the triple junction are generally violated.

New results concerning Lie symmetries of nonlinear reaction-diffusion-convection equations, which supplement in a natural way the results published in the European Journal of Applied Mathematics (9(1998) 527–542) are presented.

In this paper, we analyse the asymptotic system corresponding to a thin film flow with two different (immiscible) fluids, from theoretical and numerical points of view. We also compare this model to the Elrod-Adams one, which is the reference model in tribology, when cavitation phenomena occur.

We prove the existence of a one parameter family of minimal embedded hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, for $n\geq3$, which generalize the well known two-dimensional ‘Riemann minimal surfaces’. The hypersurfaces we obtain are complete, embedded, simply periodic hypersurfaces which have infinitely many parallel hyperplanar ends. By opposition with the two-dimensional case, they are not foliated by spheres.

Résumé Nous prouvons l’existence d’une famille à un paramètre d’hypersurfaces de $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, pour $n\geq 3$, qui sont minimales et qui généralisent les surfaces minimales de Riemann. Les hypersurfaces que nous obtenons sont des hypersurfaces complètes, simplement périodiques et qui ont une infinité de bouts hyperplans parallèles. Contrairement au cas des surfaces, i.e. $n=2$, ces hypersurfaces ne sont pas feuilletées par des sphères.

A ring $R$ with identity is called strongly clean if every element of $R$ is the sum of an idempotent and a unit that commute. For a commutative local ring $R$, $n=3,4$, and $m, k, s \in {\mathbb N}$ it is proved that ${\mathbb M}_n(R)$ is strongly clean if and only if ${\mathbb M}_n(R[[x]])$ is strongly clean if and only if ${\mathbb M}_n(R[[x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_m]])$ is strongly clean if and only if $ {\mathbb M}_n(\frac{R[x]}{(x^{k})})$ is strongly clean if and only if $ {\mathbb M}_n(\dfrac{R[x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots , x_{s}]}{(x^{n_1}_{1}, x^{n_{2}}_{2}, \ldots , x^{n_{s}}_{s})}) $ is strongly clean if and only if ${\mathbb M}_n(R \propto R)$ is strongly clean where $ R\propto R=\{\scriptsize(\begin{array}{@{}c@{\quad}c@{}} a& b \\ 0& a \end{array}): a, b \in R \}$ is the trivial extension of $R$. This extends a result of J. Chen, X. Yang and Y. Zhou [$\mathbf{5}$] from $n=2$ to 3 and 4.

Let $(e_n)$ be the canonical basis of the predual of the Lorentz sequence space $d_{*}(w,1).$ We consider the restriction operator $R$ associated to the basis $(e_i)$ from some Banach space of analytic functions into the complex sequence space and we characterize the ranges of $R.$

If bounded linear operators $A$ and $B$ are each reguloid, and have the single valued extension property, then Weyl's theorem holds for all holomorphic functions of all operator matrices $M_{C}=\scriptsize\scriptsize(\begin{array}{@{}cc@{}}A&C\\0&B\end{array})$.

A hereditarily indecomposable asymptotic $\ell_2$ Banach space is constructed. The existence of such a space answers a question of B. Maurey and verifies a conjecture of W. T. Gowers.

We define “star reducible” Coxeter groups to be those Coxeter groups for which every fully commutative element (in the sense of Stembridge) is equivalent to a product of commuting generators by a sequence of length-decreasing star operations (in the sense of Lusztig). We show that the Kazhdan–Lusztig bases of these groups have a nice projection property to the Temperley–Lieb type quotient, and furthermore that the images of the basis elements $C'_w$ (for fully commutative $w$) in the quotient have structure constants in ${\mathbb Z}^{\geq 0}[v, v^{-1}]$. We also classify the star reducible Coxeter groups and show that they form nine infinite families with two exceptional cases.

The classical maximum principle is utilized to obtain maximum principles for functionals which are defined on solutions of fourth, sixth and eighth-order elliptic equations. The principles derived lead to uniqueness results.

Let $\Delta$ denote the (2,3,7)-group. We establish an upper bound for the number of congruence subgroups of index $n$ and a lower bound for the total number of subgroups of index $n$. Since the latter grows more quickly, there exist non-congruence subgroups of index $n$ for all $n$ greater than some $n_0$.

We consider a one-dimensional weakly damped wave equation, with a damping coefficient depending on the displacement. We prove the existence of a regular connected global attractor of finite fractal dimension for the associated dynamical system, as well as the existence of an exponential attractor.

Let $R$ be a ring. An $R$-module $M$ is called a (weak) duo module provided every (direct summand) submodule of $M$ is fully invariant. It is proved that if $R$ is a commutative domain with field of fractions $K$ then a torsion-free uniform $R$-module is a duo module if and only if every element $k$ in $K$ such that $kM$ is contained in $M$ belongs to $R$. Moreover every non-zero finitely generated torsion-free duo $R$-module is uniform. In addition, if $R$ is a Dedekind domain then a torsion $R$-module is a duo module if and only if it is a weak duo module and this occurs precisely when the $P$-primary component of $M$ is uniform for every maximal ideal $P$ of $R$.

A number of integral Hopf algebras have been studied that have, as their underlying modules, the free ${\bf Z}$-module generated by finite words in a certain alphabet. For example, the tensor algebra, the rings of quasisymmetric functions and of noncommutative symmetric functions, the Solomon descent algebra, the Malvenuto-Reutenauer algebra and the homology and cohomology of $\Omega\Sigma{\bf C} P^{\infty}$ are all of this type. Some of these are known to be isomorphic or dual to each other, some are known only to be rationally isomorphic, some have been stated in the literature to be isomorphic when they are only rationally isomorphic.

This paper is, in part, an attempt to find order in this chaos of word Hopf algebras. We consider three multiplications on such modules, and their dual comultiplications, and clarify which of these operations can be combined to obtain Hopf structures. We discuss when the results are isomorphic, integrally or rationally, and study the resulting structures. We are not attempting a classification of Hopf algebras of words, merely an organization of some of the Hopf algebras of this type that have been studied in the literature.

Pointing out the difference between the Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the classical power law nonlinearity – for which solutions exist globally, independently of the sign and the degree of the nonlinearity, the size of the initial data and the dimension of the lattice – we prove either global existence or nonexistence, in time, for the Discrete Klein-Gordon equation with the same type of nonlinearity (but of “blow-up” sign), under suitable conditions on the initial data, and sometimes on the dimension of the lattice. The results consider both the conservative and the linearly damped lattice. Similarities and differences with the continuous counterparts are remarked. We also make a short comment on the existence of excitation thresholds, for forced solutions of damped and parametrically driven Klein-Gordon lattices.

Let $G$ be a finite $p$-group, where $p$ is an odd prime number, $H$ a subgroup of $G$ and s$\theta\in \hbox{\rm Irr}(H)$ an irreducible character of $H$. Assume also that $|G:H|=p^2$. Then the character $\theta^G$ of $G$ induced by $\theta$ is either a multiple of an irreducible character of $G$, or has at least $\frac{p\,{+}\,1}{2}$ distinct irreducible constituents.