This study aims to provide an updated systematic review on the clinicopathological features, treatment modalities and survival outcomes on SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma.

Five databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Extracted information include demographic data, clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes.

A total of 70 studies were included making up a total of 372 patients. Univariable and multivariable analysis performed for prognostic factors of SDSC showed that N+ disease was a statistically significant poor prognostic factor for overall survival, while surgical treatment was a favourable prognostic factor. Treatment with surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy conferred significantly better prognosis compared to chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone.

Our study suggests that N+ disease and isolated treatment with radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone are significant poor prognostic factors for SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma, while patients who undergo surgical treatment have significantly better prognosis.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has favourable oncological outcomes, supporting the use of transoral robotic surgery with risk-adapted adjuvant therapy. While anticipated adjuvant treatment intensity is informed by pre-operative assessment, definitive post-operative histopathology determines final risk stratification.

A single-centre study was conducted at University College London Hospitals of 44 HPV-positive oropharyngeal SCC patients treated with primary transoral robotic surgery and selective neck dissection. Discrepancies between clinical and pathological staging, and their impact on adjuvant treatment recommendations, were assessed.

Staging discrepancies were identified in 38 per cent of patients. Pathological nodal upstaging occurred in 20.5 per cent of patients, commonly caused by higher-than-anticipated nodal burden. Involved surgical margins were present in 70.5 per cent of patients. Overall, definitive histopathology resulted in escalation of anticipated adjuvant treatment intensity in 61 per cent of patients, with 52 per cent reclassified as high-risk disease.

Post-operative histopathology frequently altered anticipated risk stratification, highlighting the limitations of pre-operative staging and the clinical impact of a surgical-first approach.

Romantic relationships are important contexts for substance use and emotional well-being. We tested the hypotheses that (i) genetic predispositions for alcohol consumption would be positively associated with partner substance use, (ii) partner substance use would moderate genetic influences on one’s own alcohol outcomes, and (iii) partner discordance in substance use would be associated with lower emotional well-being and relationship quality.

Analyses included 2,357 participants (Mage = 51.4, 58.2% female) from the Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Focal measures included participants’ reports of their own and their current partner’s past-year substance use (frequencies of alcohol use, heavy drinking, drunkenness, cannabis use, and nicotine use), emotional well-being, and relationship quality. Participants’ genetic predispositions were indexed with genome-wide polygenic scores for alcohol consumption (PGSAlc). Participant–partner substance use discordance was calculated as the difference between the participant’s and their partner’s use for each substance use measure, separately.

Participant PGSAlc was not significantly associated with partners’ perceived substance use. Frequent perceived partner alcohol use and heavy drinking significantly amplified the association between PGSAlc and alcohol use or drunkenness. Frequent perceived partner drunkenness and cannabis use significantly attenuated the association between PGSAlc and heavy drinking or frequency of alcohol use. Participant–partner discordance for several substance use measures was significantly associated with lower emotional well-being and relationship quality, controlling for participant and partner substance use main effects.

The results highlight the importance of partner substance use in etiological models of alcohol use, emotional health outcomes, and relationship quality.

Medications for middle-ear diseases are commonly delivered into the middle-ear cavity either by the eardrop method with a tympanostomy tube followed by tragal pumping or by intratympanic injection. The solution delivery of the eardrop method was compared with that of intratympanic injection.

Thirty rats were used. For the eardrop method, tympanostomy tube insertion, dye solution eardrop application and tragal pumping were performed in one ear. Intratympanic injection of the same solution was performed in the other ear. The ratio of the area stained by the dye solution to the total area of the middle-ear cavity in haematoxylin and eosin-stained temporal bone sections was evaluated.

The stained area ratio was not significantly different between the eardrop method and intratympanic injection (p = 0.897).

In our rat model, the eardrop method achieved solution delivery into the middle-ear cavity as effectively as intratympanic injection.

The importance of Financial Distress (FD) for German cancer patients is rising and data on FD is increasingly being collected in clinical trials. However, the role of FD in German early benefit assessments (EBAs) remains unclear. We systematically analyze the role of FD in EBAs for oncology drugs in Germany by investigating how often and for what reasons FD is excluded for EBA by pharmaceutical companies, how often and in which ways FD is referenced in scientific assessments by German HTA authorities (IQWiG and G-BA), and how FD influences added benefit decisions.

Our analysis covered all completed, currently valid German EBAs of oncology drugs from 2011 to 2024. We calculated exclusion rates, reference rates and benefit decisions, stratified by drug type, FD results, exclusion and reference status. In qualitative analyses, we inductively categorized reasons for FD exclusion and types of FD references.

FD currently plays at most a subordinated role for German EBAs across all involved stakeholders. Almost half of dossier submissions excluded FD from EBA, even though data on FD was collected. The IQWiG referenced FD in only 25 percent of their scientific assessments. Furthermore, the G-BA referenced FD in only three out of 215 justifications of resolution. HTA authorities have divergent and inconsistent approaches to FD.

German HTA authorities should strengthen the role of patient-reported outcomes and provide clearer methodological guidance for integrating psychosocial dimensions such as FD. Future research should focus on refining measurement strategies to better capture the multidimensional nature of FD.

Medical-Legal Partnerships (MLPs) integrate attorneys into health care settings to provide free legal care for low-income families. Our objective was to explore MLP client experiences of a neonatal MLP integrated into a neonatal intensive care unit and fetal care program.

We used a qualitative descriptive inquiry methodological approach to conduct interviews with clients of the neonatal MLP clients. Interviews were conducted via telephone, recorded, and transcribed. We conducted a reflexive thematic analysis of the data.

Sixteen neonatal MLP clients completed qualitative interviews. We found that MLPs may facilitate supportive, holistic, and interdisciplinary care that mitigates parental distress and addresses structural barriers to family stability. The program would be improved with more transparency, capacity, and visibility.

Medical-Legal Partnerships offer an innovative strategy to address social determinants with legal implications that impact the health and well-being of neonatal intensive care unit and fetal care therapy patients and families.

This retrospective study evaluated the concordance between fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology in parotid gland masses and assessed the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging features.

Forty-two patients who underwent parotidectomy with available fine-needle aspiration cytology, magnetic resonance imaging, and histopathology results were included. fine-needle aspiration cytology–histopathology agreement was analysed for multicategorical and binary (benign vs. malignant) classifications. Magnetic resonance imaging findings, including signal intensity, contrast enhancement, cystic-like appearance and lesion size, were compared, and predictors of malignancy were evaluated using Firth logistic regression.

Thirty-eight lesions (90.5 per cent) were benign and four (9.5per cent) were malignant. Fine-needle aspiration cytology–histopathology concordance was low for histological subtype differentiation (κ = 0.082) but substantial for benign–malignant distinction (κ = 0.636; p < 0.01). All lesions were T2-hyperintense, and cystic-like appearance was strongly associated with Warthin tumour (p = 0.001; odds ratio 38.5).

No magnetic resonance imaging or clinical variable independently predicted malignancy. Overall, these findings support fine-needle aspiration cytology as the cornerstone of pre-operative evaluation of parotid masses, with magnetic resonance imaging serving primarily for surgical planning.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a heterogeneous chronic pain condition frequently accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. Although affective symptoms are highly prevalent, they are often treated as secondary correlates of pain or disability. This study examined whether psychiatric symptom profiles parallel disability severity or represent partially independent dimensions across disability-based FM phenotypes.

We analyzed a harmonized multisite cohort of adults with FM recruited from two academic medical centers. Disability-based phenotypes were defined using a validated percentile-based classification dichotomizing participants into low-impact and high-impact FM. Psychiatric domains were derived from standardized measures of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms. Multivariate clustering was used to identify affective profiles, and their distribution across disability phenotypes was examined. Dimensional analyses assessed the relationship between affective burden and functional impairment.

Among participants with complete psychiatric data (n = 613), four reproducible affective profiles were identified: minimal affective symptoms, mild affective symptoms, moderate mixed affective symptoms, and severe mixed affective symptoms. Although profiles characterized by greater affective burden were enriched among individuals with high-impact FM, all affective profiles were represented across both disability groups. Notably, a substantial proportion of individuals with high-impact FM exhibited minimal or mild affective symptoms. Dimensional analyses supported partial orthogonality between affective burden and disability severity.

Psychiatric comorbidity in FM does not simply reflect pain severity or functional impairment. Instead, affective symptoms form partially independent dimensions that cut across disability-based phenotypes. These findings support a multidimensional neuropsychiatric framework for FM with implications for stratified assessment and personalized intervention.

To explore barriers and facilitators experienced by Australian organizational stakeholders in implementing COVID-19 vaccine rollout for health professional students.

A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with organizational stakeholders, including senior health department staff, university clinical placement coordinators, and clinical educators across Australia from November 21 to December 20, 2022, via ZOOM. An inductive and then deductive thematic analysis was conducted, guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Nineteen participants were interviewed. Five key domains were generated: environmental context and resources, attention, decision-making, and goals, professional role and identity, emotion, and optimism. Barriers included top-down communication, inconsistent messaging, and limited vaccine access, leading to negative emotions. Enablers included teamwork, adaptability, and optimism.

The findings offer insights into operational challenges and support during the vaccine rollout. These lessons should inform strategies to overcome similar barriers in future large-scale health interventions or emergency responses.