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A topical issue in the philosophy of cosmology concerns the scope of cosmology: what problems and questions are within the bounds of scientific inquiry. This chapter provides a historical perspective on the perceived limits of scientific knowledge in cosmology by highlighting how they changed during the debates between big bang and steady state theories in the mid-twentieth century. I argue that the establishment of big bang cosmology brought questions that were once considered outside the boundaries of science into the purview of physical cosmology, and involved both a broadening and constricting of the scope of possible scientific knowledge. This demonstrates both that the limits that cosmologists and philosophers of cosmology deal with today are not new and that the limits of science can change in multidirectional, unpredictable ways.
Kernel methods, with origins in the pioneering work of Mercer (1909), Bochner (1933), and Aronszajn (1950), have become central tools in modern mathematics and machine learning. This book explores their deep connections with approximation theory, highlighting both classical results and cutting-edge developments. Through clear explanations and illustrative examples, it guides readers from foundational concepts to contemporary applications, including computational methods and real-world problem solving. By bridging theory and practice, the text not only provides a rigorous understanding of kernels but also inspires further exploration and research. Suitable for students, researchers, and practitioners, it invites readers to engage with ongoing advances in this dynamic field and to contribute to its future growth.
Differential topology uncovers the hidden structure of smooth spaces –the foundation of modern geometry and topology. This book offers a clear, rigorous introduction to the subject, blending theory with concrete examples and applications. Beginning with the basics of manifolds and smooth maps, it develops essential tools and concepts such as tangent spaces, transversality, cobordism, and tubular neighbourhoods, before progressing to powerful invariants like the Brouwer degree, intersection numbers, and the Hopf invariant. Along the way, readers encounter landmark results including Whitney's embedding theorem, Brouwer's fixed point theorem, the Pontryagin construction, Hopf's degree theorem, and the Poincaré–Hopf index theorem. Each chapter combines intuitive explanations with precise and detailed proofs, supported by exercises and detailed solutions that deepen understanding. Ideal for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers, this text provides a gateway to one of mathematics' most elegant and influential fields – where analysis, geometry, and topology meet.
Seeds of Solidarity is a study of British Guiana amid a wave of Caribbean uprisings that brought modern politics to colonial spaces during the 1930s. It explores the historical power of a movement forged by people at the edges of empire during economic, political, and environmental crises. African- and Indian-Guianese youth, women, and men who worked on sugar plantations led a series of labor uprisings, despite attempts to turn these racialized communities against each other. Rather than erasing identities, their 'overlapping diasporas' signify how solidary can emerge without sameness, and how this process challenged the British Empire and reshaped Caribbean politics. This important work unites Caribbean history, African Diaspora and South Asian Diaspora studies, histories of racial capitalism and labor movements, gender studies, and the politics of colonialism and empire in the post-indenture period. It offers a model of resistance in today's era of deepening racial and economic inequality, fascism, and climate emergency.
A disillusioned Martin Luther was losing his faith until he experienced freedom of conscience with the gospel of grace that he found from his un-authorized re-reading of the Scriptures. This experience stimulated Luther's desire to free the Christian religion from teachings that could burden the human soul. In doing so, he offered a grammar for a Christian theology that is both mystical and liberating. Kirsi Stjerna here offers a contemporary reading of Luther's vision of a religion that is guided by concerns for freedom. Her study first considers Luther's understanding of the profound tension in human experience as simultaneously broken and holy; and second, how he aimed to orient Christians to live with freedom from despair via the security found in being grounded in God. Offering a critical reading of Luther's central insights and teachings, Stjerna invites readers to engage with Luther's story and contemplate the relevance of his theology in contemporary discourse on religion.
Broad in scope yet focused, scholarly yet written in an accessible and lucid manner, Providence, Evil and Salvation, perhaps uniquely, addresses key questions in contemporary theology from a broadly Thomist perspective: What is providence and how can it be squared with evil and suffering? What is sin? How can we construe a meaningful account of original sin in a post-Darwinian context? How does Christ address our self-inflicted alienation from God? How do we appropriate Christ's salvation through faith, hope, and love, and participation in the sacramental life? On the interface of historical and constructive-systematic theology, with a pastoral concern throughout, Rik Van Nieuwenhove offers both experts and readers who are not familiar with the thought of Thomas Aquinas a unique insight into his theology – and why it matters today, not just for scholarly debates but for how we should live our lives.
Sixty years after their final collaboration Rodgers and Hammerstein remain central figures in the world of musical theatre, and their global influence continues to be felt. This Companion presents their iconic work for a new generation of students, teachers and fans, giving both historical context and new perspectives on the partners, the people with whom they collaborated, and the shows they created. A chapter is devoted to each musical, from Oklahoma! to The Sound of Music, providing key information about that work in both its staged and film versions, and analysis of its distinctive features including those that present challenges for practitioners, audiences and researchers today. The volume also introduces the early careers of both creators and Rodgers's work after Hammerstein's death. The contributions represent a variety of complementary disciplinary backgrounds that can serve as models for future study not just on Rodgers and Hammerstein but also on musical theatre more generally.
Business, public, and governmental organizations all innovate to enhance operations, improve administration, succeed in competitive markets, and better serve their clients. Organizational innovation is a purposeful, systematic, and managed process that encompasses two core dimensions: generating something new for the market and adopting something new within the organization. Historically, research on innovation has emphasized generation over adoption, invention over imitation, and monetary over nonmonetary outcomes. This book shifts the focus to adoption, arguing that innovation advances through imitation and that adoption enables the diffusion of benefits across organizations. It offers a comprehensive foundation for understanding the theories and research surrounding the drivers, processes, and outcomes of innovation adoption. Key emerging topics include continuous improvement of adoption practices, complementarities among innovations, nonmonetary contributions, abandonment of adopted innovations, post-adoption decisions, and the broader consequences of innovation for individuals and the natural environment. The book also outlines promising directions for future inquiry.
The Psychopath and the Twentieth-Century American Novel examines the psychopath as a new kind of monster. Frederick Whiting reads novels – ranging from pulp fiction to belles lettres – that draw on science, law, and popular journalism to try to explain this threatening new creature. Through these readings, this book uncovers the ways in which the figure of the psychopath that populated so many twentieth-century American novels expressed cultural anxieties about sexuality, race, gender, and class – even as the psychopath marked the shifting boundaries of the category of 'the human.' Whiting offers an interdisciplinary analysis showing how literature, science, law, and popular journalism inform each other. Ultimately, he concludes, this episode in the genealogy of monstrosity amounts to a transformation in the evolving concept of the monstrous itself – from a violation of our nature to a violation of our narratives.
Why do some societies embrace religious diversity while others struggle with exclusion? Faith and Friendship reveals how the friendships we form—and those we avoid—shape interfaith attitudes across the Muslim world. Drawing on large-scale surveys from Indonesia and beyond, the book shows that religiously homogeneous friendships can unintentionally nurture stereotypes and social divides. Introducing the Boundaries, Opportunities, and Willingness (BOW) Framework, the book explains how state policies, civic spaces, and personal choices combine to determine whether people connect across faith lines. Blending rigorous research with vivid human stories, Faith and Friendship offers a new way to understand the roles of religion and social networks in everyday life and provides insights for anyone seeking to bridge interfaith divides.
What can disability teach us about knowledge, art, and community? Jonathan Hsy explores this question through medieval writings, bringing their authors' voices into conversation with crip theory and activist-oriented disability studies. Discussing major European writers Julian of Norwich, Margery Kempe, Thomas Hoccleve, John Gower, and Teresa de Cartagena – alongside non-European authors Ibn Battuta, Bai Juyi, and Shangguan Wan'er – Hsy reveals the remarkable global variety of disability life writing in the period. Across genres – spiritual visions, lyric poetry, and travel narratives – medieval authors craft inventive ways to theorize their own experiences of blindness, deafness, mobility, aging, and mental and chronic illness. Challenging social stigma and systems of marginalization, these writers offer – Hsy shows – compelling insights into language, time, gender, and bodies in perpetual transformation. Their voices from the past remain urgent today, teaching us about the dynamic relationship between mind, body, and spirit, and the power of storytelling to create social change.
Designed to build confident analytical abilities, this book introduces a scaffolded five-step strategy for solving problems in classical mechanics. With progressive problem sets spanning kinematics, forces, momentum, rotational motion, and more, it focuses on deepening conceptual understanding beyond the basic application of formulae. This highly pedagogical approach highlights the importance of determining which principles apply under given conditions, and each problem is accompanied by the full mathematical solution and a visualisation of the underlying physical concepts at play. Guided exercises allow students to reinforce their understanding and turn passive solution-checking into active learning. Written for undergraduate physics and engineering students keen to develop more efficient and fluent problem-solving skills and improved exam results, it also provides instructors with a novel and effective teaching framework for tutorials and assessments.
Noun phrases (NPs) are central to effecting linguistic reference, itself fundamental to human interactions. However, little research has examined the NPs used by people with the language disability, aphasia. This Element provides detailed analyses of noun- and pronoun-headed NPs in spoken narratives by twelve people with various aphasia types/severities, exploring NP elaboration and productivity along a continuum of spoken language capability. The Element explains how some observations challenge the rule-based theory that remains influential in aphasiology, while all can be predicted by a usage-based approach. It expands the emerging subfield of Cognitive Aphasiology, with potential implications for both linguistics and speech and language therapy.
Now in its second edition, this book provides a detailed introduction to the theory of jet bundles. It is written for mathematicians and physicists who wish to study differential equations, particularly those associated with the calculus of variations, in a modern geometric way. A knowledge of differential geometry is assumed, although introductory chapters include the necessary background of fibred manifolds, and on vector and affine bundles. The book explores how first-order jets may be considered as the natural generalisation of vector fields for studying variational problems in field theory, and so many of the constructions are introduced in the context of first- or second-order jets, before being described in their full generality. It features a proof of the local exactness of the variational bicomplex. This edition includes new chapters on velocity bundles and bundles of contact elements, together with updated material on the calculus of variations.
Off the Map challenges how international lawyers picture the world. While traditional scholarship continues to treat the 'World Map' of states as natural, this book exposes the discipline's cartographic inheritance and its growing fatigue. Drawing on critical geography, international relations, and media theory, Nikolas M. Rajkovic reveals how global authority now operates less through contiguous territories than through infrastructures, corridors, and nodes. Introducing the concept of 'juriscapes,' he illuminates the legal significance of ports, data cable landings, aviation hubs, sanctions screens, and cloud regions – sites where rules bite and power circulates. He also develops the idea of pointillistic geographies, showing how law is enacted through coordinates, flows, and switches that escape the flat image of bordered states. Provocative yet accessible, Off the Map revisualizes international law for a fractured global order, equipping readers with the concepts to see where authority truly moves today.
This comprehensive and up-to-date manual accompanies the third edition of Bernard Schutz's A First Course in General Relativity. It offers step-by-step guidance through more than 200 selected exercises, providing detailed solutions and explanatory comments which are cross-referenced to the relevant equations and sections in Schutz's text. The material is further extended by the inclusion of 168 supplementary problems that highlight conceptual challenges and direct readers to the most useful supporting literature. A comprehensive index and bolded keywords allow for quick navigation, while an appendix of useful results makes the book a lasting reference for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, instructors, and self-directed learners seeking a deeper understanding of the subject. A Mathematica notebook and tables of exercises and supplementary problems are freely available as online resources, with instructors benefiting from access to solutions to selected exercises and problems.
There is increasing evidence for the intergenerational decline of religiosity across many different countries: religious beliefs, behaviours, and identities of parents are not being passed on to their children. This Element surveys the psychological and sociological research on the intergenerational transmission of religion, focussing on the factors that influence it. After introducing the topic in Section 1, Section 2 describes the methods used to study intergenerational transmission. Section 3 argues that the religious decline in recent decades is mainly due to intergenerational changes, as distinct from ageing or historical period effects. Section 4 examines societal and social factors, including national context, peers, education, religious communities, and the Internet. Section 5 focusses on parents, who are the most important agents of religious socialisation. Section 6 draws lessons from religious minorities, highly religious families, and also nonreligious families. Section 7 offers some practical conclusions for parents, and suggests directions for future research.
The 20th century saw the development of many of the key concepts and theories in algebraic geometry. However, the evolution of style and approach over time has rendered the original texts challenging for modern readers to decipher. Bridging the gap between classical and modern algebraic geometry, this book explains classical results using modern tools and language. The second edition has undergone significant expansion. This first volume includes an extensive look at the enumerative geometry of quadrics and a more in-depth exploration of Cremona transformations, featuring more examples of different types. Furthermore, the expanded bibliography now encompasses over 800 references, including references to results obtained in the twelve years since the publication of the first edition. This carefully crafted reference will continue to keep classical algebraic geometry results alive and accessible to new generations of graduate students and researchers today.