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73027 results in Open Access

Page 412 of 3652

  • One British Thing: The Safety Razor

  • Paul R. Deslandes
  • Journal:
    Journal of British Studies / Volume 59 / Issue 4 / October 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 October 2020, pp. 885-888

  • This essay examines the history of the safety razor in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Britain. In so doing, it explores male shaving practices and the male investment in physical appearance in the age of industrial capitalism. In highlighting the history of a single material artifact to showcase the relationship between masculinity, good grooming, personal success, and notions of self-improvement, this essay also underscores the growing influence of American products in British life, the intricacies of the consumer economy, and the increasing sophistication of advertising practices.

  • David Hume in Chicago: A Twentieth-Century Hoax

  • Felix Waldmann
  • Journal:
    Journal of British Studies / Volume 59 / Issue 4 / October 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 October 2020, pp. 793-820
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  • This article alleges that two letters attributed to the philosopher David Hume (1711–1776) were forged in the twentieth century. The letters were first published in 1972 and 1973 by Michael Morrisroe, an assistant professor of English in the University of Illinois, Chicago Circle, after which they became monuments of conventional scholarship on Hume's life and writings. Both letters are cited without qualification by scholars of Hume's thought in dozens of publications, including Ernest Campbell Mossner's celebrated Life of David Hume (1980), and John Robertson's entry for Hume in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004). This article reconstructs the history and transmission of Hume's extant letters and attempts to account for why the forgeries published by Morrisroe were accepted as genuine. It makes a systematic case against the authenticity of the letters, and focuses in particular on the question of whether Hume met the Jansenist homme de lettres Noël-Antoine Pluche (1688–1761) and had access to his library, in Reims, in 1734. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the exposé for modern editorial scholarship and intellectual history.

  • Paupers Behaving Badly: Punishment in the Victorian Workhouse

  • Samantha Williams
  • Journal:
    Journal of British Studies / Volume 59 / Issue 4 / October 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 October 2020, pp. 764-792
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  • The deterrent workhouse, with its strict rules for the behavior of inmates and boundaries of authority of the workhouse officers, was a central expression of the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834, known widely as the New Poor Law. This article explores for the first time the day-to-day experience of the power and authority of workhouse masters, matrons, other officers of the workhouse, and its Board of Guardians, and the resistance and agency of resentful inmates. Despite new sets of regulations to guide workhouse officers in the uniform imposition of discipline on residents, there was a high degree of regional diversity not only in the types of offenses committed by paupers but also in welfare policy relating to the punishments inflicted for disorderly and refractory behavior. And while pauper agency was significant, it should not be overstated, given the disparity in power between inmates and workhouse officials.

  • AFH volume 61 issue 2 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    The Journal of African History / Volume 61 / Issue 2 / July 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 October 2020, pp. f1-f4
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Page 412 of 3652