The global challenge of closing the treatment gap highlights the need for innovative interventions. Problem Management Plus (PM+), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), is an evidence-based brief psychological intervention designed to address this gap by involving non-specialist helpers. In this study, ‘non-specialists’ or ‘helpers’ are individuals without formal training in mental health, who have been trained in and have been delivering individual PM+ for more than 1.5 years. To enhance quality in mental health care, especially with non-specialists, WHO and the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) have launched the Ensuring Quality in Psychosocial and Mental Health Care (EQUIP) platform, an open-access resource for competency-based training. This study evaluates the acceptability and preliminary utility of EQUIP assessment tools. Thirteen helpers were assessed using the ENhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic Factors (ENACT) and the PM+ assessment tool, culturally adapted and translated for Arabic-speaking helpers in Switzerland. The results indicate that the EQUIP tools can identify strengths and areas for improvement, provide valuable feedback for training, and thus have great potential for enhancing mental health care quality.

Both -ity and -ness are frequent and productive suffixes in English that fulfill the same core function: turning adjectives into nouns that denote the state or quality of whatever the adjective denotes. This well-known affix rivalry raises two core questions: 1. What determines the choice between -ity and -ness for a given base word? 2. Are the two affixes synonymous? For the first question, previous work has focused on morphological and phonological properties of the bases, but not their semantics. For question 2, the literature fails to give a convincing answer, with some studies, faced with doublets like ethnicity/ethnicness, arguing for a semantic difference, but most assuming synonymy. Using pretrained distributional vectors, I show empirically first that the semantics of the bases plays a major role in affix selection and second that the two affixes induce similar meaning shifts.

Adjectives are paradigmatically versatile: they combine with many different items in the same syntactic configuration. They are also syntagmatically versatile: they occur in many different syntactic configurations. Given this versatility, how and to what extent can lexeme-specific preferences and features of the adjectives be identified? With the adjective quick as its starting point, this article answers this question by using corpus data, contrasting the behavior of quick with that of its semantic neighbors. Case study 1 investigates quick's attributive usage. It is shown that quick in its default usage combines with eventive heads, and that there are clear differences in combinatorial preferences across its semantic neighbors. Case study 2 investigates the quick-to-infinitival construction. Here, direct combination with eventive heads is impossible. It behaves differently from other adj-to-infinitival constructions as well as the competing quickly constructions. Comparison of the availability of this construction for quick's semantic neighbors, and linking this to the results of study 1, shows a clear connection between paradigmatic and syntagmatic distributions.

This article analyzes the social potential of regional integration processes by using the example of European integration. Recent case law from the European Court of Justice has led some observers to argue that judicial decisions increasingly provide European politics with a “Polanyian” drive. We test this claim by distinguishing three dimensions to European economic and social integration: market-restricting integration, market-enforcing integration, and the creation of a European area of nondiscrimination. We also identify two forms of integration that have different speeds, scopes, and potentials: political integration and judicial integration. The evidence shows that the EU has come closer to Hayek's vision of “interstate federalism” than is usually warranted because market-enforcing integration and European nondiscrimination policies have asymmetrically profited from “integration through law.” The opportunities for international courts to push ahead market-enforcing integration increase as the participants of regional integration processes become more diverse. In such “Hayekian” constellations, individual rights are increasingly relocated to the central level, at the cost of subordinating the decentralized capacity for solidarity and interpersonal redistribution.

The morphology of nanocolumns grown by glancing angle deposition is studied for molecular materials forming amorphous and crystalline solids. Amorphous tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum nanocolumn arrays were obtained at sample rotation speeds varying from 0.3 rpm (revolutions per minute) to 30 rpm. For crystalline pentacene, an array of regular nanocolumns formed at a rotation speed of 3 rpm, while higher and lower rotation speeds led to a wide distribution of column heights and shapes. The incoming molecular flux and the molecular diffusion length on column surfaces, both dependent on rotation speed, were found to govern the resulting morphology of crystalline pentacene nanocolumns.

Multi-fold stacks of In0.6Ga0.4As quantum dots embedded into a GaAs matrix were investigated by means of x-ray diffuse scattering. The measurements were done with synchrotron radiation using different diffraction geometries. Data evaluation was based on comparison with simulated distributions of x-ray diffuse scattering. For the samples under consideration ((001) surface) there is no difference in dot extension along [110] and [-110] and no directional ordering. The measurements easily allow the determination of the average indium amount in the wetting layers. Data evaluation by simulation of x-ray diffuse scattering gives an increase of Incontent from the dot bottom to the dot top.

Multi-fold stacks of In0.6Ga0.4As quantum dots embedded into a GaAs matrix were investigated by means of x-ray diffuse scattering. The measurements were done with synchrotron radiation using different diffraction geometries. Data evaluation was based on comparison with simulated distributions of x-ray diffuse scattering. For the samples under consideration ((001) surface) there is no difference in dot extension along [110] and [-110] and no directional ordering. The measurements easily allow the determination of the average indium amount in the wetting layers. Data evaluation by simulation of x-ray diffuse scattering gives an increase of Incontent from the dot bottom to the dot top.

Multi-fold stacks of In0.6Ga0.4As quantum dots embedded into a GaAs matrix were investigated by means of x-ray diffuse scattering. The measurements were done with synchrotron radiation using different diffraction geometries. Data evaluation was based on comparison with simulated distributions of x-ray diffuse scattering. For the samples under consideration ((001) surface) there is no difference in dot extension along [110] and [-110] and no directional ordering. The measurements easily allow the determination of the average indium amount in the wetting layers. Data evaluation by simulation of x-ray diffuse scattering gives an increase of Incontent from the dot bottom to the dot top.

The strain distribution inside and in the vicinity of coherently strained self-organized islands has been investigated by high-resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD). Finite element method (FEM) calculations were carried out in order to calculate the strain field, which was then used to simulate x-ray reciprocal space maps on the basis of kinematical scattering theory. For Si0 75Ge0.25 islands an abrupt increase in the Ge-concentration at about one third of the island height has been found. This behavior can be attributed to different nucleation stages during growth. Highly strained buried CdSe quantum dots (QDs) strongly influence the surrounding ZnSe matrix. From reciprocal space maps and FEM simulations we were able to estimate the shape and size of the islands. The results are in agreement with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UHV atomic force microscopy (AFM) data.