Sociolegal research has long found that most people “lump” their problems rather than pursue legal remedies. This study examines how social media transforms legal consciousness and mobilization. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 100 families who experienced the same birth injury, and 37 legal and medical professionals, we analyze how online communities shape perceptions of medical injury, blame attribution, and legal action. We find that parents often experience profound guilt, believing they are responsible for their child’s injury. However, participation in online support groups reframes their understanding of the injury, shifting their guilt toward medical providers and fostering legal claims. Our findings show that social media serves as a new “structuring structure,” shaping legal consciousness across geographic and social class boundaries. Social media serves as a powerful force in shaping parents’ perceptions of their child’s injuries as legally actionable, challenging existing assumptions about why people do or do not pursue legal action. By examining how online communities facilitate the transformation from guilt to blame and encourage legal mobilization, this study contributes to broader sociolegal debates about the role of digital technologies in shaping contemporary legal consciousness.

The impact of imported firearms on Southeast Asian states has been a topic of much debate, but is often discussed in relatively general terms. This article uses the archive of the Dutch East India Company to analyse the importation of muskets into late seventeenth century Ayutthaya, which took the form of diplomatic gifting, as well as their intended uses. Muskets are found to have been used mainly for the suppression of internal popular revolts, which was aided by extremely strict gun control aimed at keeping firearms a royal monopoly. The importation of these guns was responsive to immediate need and stopped once revolts became less frequent. The volume of the trade between 1658 and 1709 is found to have been surprisingly low.

Change point analysis (CPA) detects structural shifts in a response sequence by partitioning it into segments with different statistical properties. This paper proposes three CPA approaches based on the Schwarz information criterion (SIC; hereafter SIC-CPA): response data only, response time (RT) data only, and the combination of response and RT data, to detect the prevalent test speededness in time-limit tests. To comprehensively investigate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approaches, six simulation studies were conducted under diverse conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that SIC-CPA can effectively enhance the power of change point detection and reduce Type I errors, while improving computational efficiency compared to the likelihood ratio and Wald tests. Moreover, the SIC-CPA combining response and RT data outperforms the SIC-CPA based solely on RTs, and the latter is substantially superior to the SIC-CPA based solely on responses. In addition, SIC-CPA accurately identifies two change points in RT patterns, corresponding to early warm-up and later test speededness. Using an iterative detect–clean–recalibrate procedure, SIC-CPA achieves more reliable Type I error control than likelihood ratio and Wald tests when item parameters are estimated from contaminated data. A real data analysis was conducted to show the application of the proposed approaches.

This Article analyzes the relevance of dissenting opinions issued on the judgments of constitutional courts, particularly the Spanish Constitutional Court, for dialogue between courts—especially the ECtHR—in the field of rights. The interpretative capacity of individual opinions is an important question in the case of the Spanish order, given that Article 10.2 of the Spanish Constitution requires that the rights guaranteed in the Constitution be interpreted in accordance with the treaties on rights signed by Spain. In this sense, the ECHR plays an essential role as the main instrument of interpretative reference in the domestic sphere. Therefore, we have sought to study the capacity of individual opinions to promote new developments in the field of rights based on the bridge generated with the doctrine of the ECtHR and to what extent this can have repercussions on the positions initially defended by the dissenting minority of the Spanish Constitutional Court becoming the majority position defended by the Court. This study is channeled through the freedom of expression in Fragoso Dacosta case because of its relevance in the multilevel context, analyzing the ruling 190/2020 of the Spanish Constitutional Court, December 15, and the ruling of the ECtHR in Fragoso Dacosta v. Spain, June 8, 2023.