Gender differences are hypothesized to influence the reporting of attachment styles and psychological symptoms. Culturally, masculine characteristics are often linked with physical and aggressive tendencies, while feminine characteristics are associated with internalizing problems such as depression and anxiety. Some theoretical perspectives suggest that attachment styles may reflect different gender-specific mating strategies. This study investigated gender differences in self-reported adult attachment and psychological symptoms within a sample of patients from a cardiology outpatient clinic.

A total of 186 patients awaiting consultation at a private outpatient cardiology clinic completed a packet of self-reports. The sample comprised 55.7% males (one participant did not report gender) and 85.5% Caucasian individuals, with an average age of 66.2 years. We analysed gender differences in adult attachment using the 12-item Experiences in Close Relationship-Short Form (ECR-SF) and scores on the SPECTRA: Indices of Psychopathology, a broadband self-report measure of psychopathology.

Males scored significantly higher than females on several measures. Specifically, males reported higher ECR-SF attachment anxiety [t(139)=2.12, p=0.03], and higher scoreson SPECTRA’s severe aggression scale [t(120)=2.21, p=0.03], antisocial tendencies [t(120)=2.51, p=0.02], externalizing spectrum [t(120)=2.48, p=0.01], grandiose ideation [t(119)=2.93, p<0.01], and reality impairing spectrum [t(119)=3.00, p<0.01].

Our findings indicate that males reported higher scores on several psychological symptom scales, many of which align with theoretically externalizing strategies (e.g. aggression). More surprising findings included higher male scores on grandiose ideation and the reality impairing spectrum of the SPECTRA. Additionally, males exhibited higher attachment anxiety, which is unexpected given that females typically score higher on this dimension in most samples, with the exception of some Asian populations. Future research is warranted to further investigate these findings and enhance our understanding of gender differences in self-reports.

Child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and child development clinics (CDCs) in the UK are facing unprecedented demand, resulting in prolonged waiting times for assessment of neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism spectrum disorder andattention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Delayed diagnosis and intervention are associated with poorer outcomes, with administrative burden being a key contributor to limited assessment capacity. Emerging digital health technologies like ambient voice technology (AVT) can reduce this burden and improve service efficiency. This second-phase study builds upon the authors’ previous AVT proof-of-concept pilot.

The objectives were to:

1. Assess the performance of AVT across a broad range of use cases in CAMHS outpatient clinics and a CDC.

2. Assess the impact of AVT on quantitative and qualitative clinical outcomes, including administrative burden.

3. Explore clinician, patient and carer perceptions towards AVT in clinical settings.

We conducted a mixed-methods pre-post service development pilot from January to July 2025. The study was conducted across three outpatient sites: two CAMHS outpatient clinics and one CDC. Clinicians spanning CAMHS and neurodevelopmental roles were invited to participate, testing 13 use cases, mostly diagnostic assessment components for neurodevelopmental conditions. Clinician participants completed both baseline (manual documentation) and intervention (AVT-assisted documentation) phases. The primary outcome measure was self-reported time taken to complete administrative tasks per clinical encounter. Secondary outcome measures included qualitative clinician experience and patient/carer perception and acceptability of AVT. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and mixed linear regression.

37 clinician participants provided baseline and intervention timesheet data. Mostwere full-time working mental health nurses, aged 25–34 and female. A total of 1,085 clinical appointments were recorded, with 50% (n=543) using AVT. Across all use cases, the mean time taken for administrative tasks was 28% less in the AVT group compared to manual documentation (p<0.001). However, satisfaction with documentation accuracy and confidence in documentation quality were significantly higher with manual documentation (93% and 100%, respectively) compared with AVT (60% and 56%). No significant differences were found in perceived efficiency of seeing patients or completing administrative work. Data from patient/carer surveys revealed no significant differences between AVT and manual documentation across any measures.

AVT significantly reduces documentation burden in neurodevelopmental assessments and is acceptable for patients and carers. However challenges including documentation accuracy and quality must be addressed. Further evaluation across other mental health and neurodevelopmental settings is necessary to validate these findings.

Psychiatry is a rewarding career which has grown in popularity in recent years. Despite psychiatry training posts recently achieving high fill rates, the specialty has consistently faced long-standing recruitment difficulties, with associated negative perceptions and low interest from medical students. Exposure to extracurricular enrichment programmes has been suggested as a potential method to improve student attitudes, increase engagement, and encourage early career interest in psychiatry. Extracurricular enrichment programmes offer medical students the opportunity to engage with psychiatry beyond the mandatory curriculum, such as through summer schools, special study modules and mentoring schemes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the current literature on extracurricular psychiatry enrichment programmes for undergraduate medical students.

The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251025990) and followed PRISMA guidelines. Four databases were searched (Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo and ERIC) using pre-determined search strings. Records were screened and data extracted independently by two authors. Extracted data included programme characteristics, student experiences, attitudes towards psychiatry and mental illness, career intentions and eventual specialty outcome. Methodological quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Due to heterogeneity in study designs and outcomes, findings were synthesised narratively to identify patterns and themes.

Of 731 articles screened, 65 full reports were assessed for eligibility and 27 were included. These studies were conducted across 10 countries, most commonly the USA and UK. Programme duration and format varied from single-day events (n=2) to longitudinal mentoring schemes spanning medical school (n=5). Summer schools were most common (n=10). Other schemes included mentoring, elective courses, special study modules, student-led clinics and film/media-based activities. Student feedback was positive, particularly for mentoring and film/media initiatives. Most studies reported improved attitudes towards psychiatry and mental illness, with several reporting statistically significant improvements using validated tools. Of 18 studies assessing career intentions, 16 reported increased interest in a career in psychiatry, and six studies reported higher subsequent match rates into psychiatry specialty training.

Although potential self-selection bias may arise from programmes that are both voluntary and extracurricular in nature, the available literature suggests that these programmes provide positive student experiences, and foster improved attitudes and early interest in psychiatry through meaningful learning opportunities. However, longitudinal research is needed to clarify the long-term impact, particularly on those without prior interest. Despite study heterogeneity, this review highlights the importance of enrichment programmes to support recruitment, provided inclusivity and accessibility are considered during programme development.

Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder (HPPD) is characterised by a recurrence of hallucinogen-induced perceptual symptoms after the cessation of hallucinogen use, leading to clinically significant impairment in functioning. It remains difficult to diagnose due to multiple comorbid diagnoses and poor understanding in psychiatry. For these reasons documented incidence also remains low. There are currently no established guidelines on treatment of HPPD which is a major gap in existing literature. This review aims to assimilate current evidence on treatment of HPPD, and suggest avenues for further systematised research into this complex disease.

Our inclusion criteria was any review article, meta-analysis, randomised control trial, case report, and letter to the editor on treatment of HPPD published in English until December 2025. Research databases PubMed and GoogleScholar were searched using the key words “Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder” yielding 111 articles. These were then screened to meeting inclusion criteria and relevance to aim. 34 studies were included in our final review.

Our review of studies on HPPD treatment found that several (n=9) advocate for α2 adrenergic agonists (particularly clonidine) orbenzodiazepines (particularly clonazepam) to be effective. These target the distress and anxiety associated with HPPD. The perceptual symptoms of HPPD have shown good response to anti-epileptic drugs (particularly lamotrigine) in case reports (n=5). Studies (n=5) on treatment with antipsychotic agents counterintuitively demonstrated poor response and worsening of perceptual symptoms. Two case reports (n=2) demonstrated improvement on combination therapy (olanzapine with fluoxetine and risperidone with escitalopram) however selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors alone (n=1) have not shown improvement.

Anecdotal treatments in literature include conservative measures, psychotherapy, eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, onabotulinum toxinA, and naltrexone.

Neuromodulation has been successful at treating HPPD in two case reports using transcranial direct current stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, with sustained responses at 4 weeks and 4 months respectively. More robust studies with longer term follow-up are needed.

Treatment modalities recommended for HPPD have a weak evidence base. The ambiguity of HPPD presentation, frequent comorbid conditionsinfluencing pharmacological choice and variability in response to treatments make it difficult to draw large-scale conclusions from these results. Larger scale and case-controlled studies remain a challenge owing to diagnostic and ethical considerations. We propose that, given the safety and efficacy of neuromodulation, this should be explored further. Additionally, more research needs to be done for pharmacological treatments to confirm efficacy.

Prolonged inpatient psychiatric admissions are unlikely to benefit individuals with Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD)/Complex Emotional Needs (CEN) and may even be counterproductive, disrupting daily routines, weakening stabilizing relationships and social roles, reinforcing avoidance of psychosocial stressors, and increasing risk behaviours aimed at maintaining institutional attachments or eliciting care, ultimately impeding recovery.

The Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust (NHFT) CEN guideline outlines an Inpatient Personality Disorder Pathway enabling ‘Goal Focused Admissions’, requiring pre-admission goals and recommendations, care planning and engagement contracts within 24 hours, consultant review within 72 hours, and brief admissions under 14 days. This audit studied adherence to the CEN guideline.

Patients with EUPD admitted between 1 January and 28 February 2025 wereincluded; those with comorbid diagnoses were also included if EUPD was the primary reason for admission and remained the primary discharge diagnosis. Referral letters were audited for legal status and short and long-term treatment goals while electronic records were audited for time from admission to documentation of admission goals, engagement contracts, discharge planning, first psychiatrist review, and total length of stay.

Twenty-one patients were included; 81% were informal admissions and the remainder were detained under Section 2 of the Mental Health Act. Crisis resolution was the most frequently cited admission goal (in 48% of cases with documented goals); however, around half of all patients lacked clearly documented admission goals. Admissions were primarily for risk and safety management (42%), followed by medication review (37%), psychological input (16%), multidisciplinary liaison and/or social support (17%), and diagnosis review (5%) were also suggested, with recommendations for referral to other services (CMHT, Personality Disorder Hub etc). Admission goals were documented within 24 hours for 57% of patients, though only 9.5% had engagement contracts completed and 48% had discharge dates recorded within this timeframe. First consultant reviews occurred within the 72-hour target for 48%; delays ranged from 4 to 10 days for the remainder. Only 21% remained inpatient for ≤2 weeks, while 26% of patients stayed 5 weeks or longer.

This audit demonstrated low adherence to the CEN management guideline. Referrals lacked clear admission goals, delaying care planning, engagement contracts, and consultant reviews while extending hospital stays and undermining the collaborative planning and clear therapeutic boundaries fundamental to working with individuals with EUPD. Recommendations include staff training in Structured Clinical Management, group supervision and case discussions with community PD services, and greater guideline awareness among clinicians. Re-audit is advised to monitor improvement.

The aim of this quality improvement project was to improve the documentation of driving status and, where relevant, driving advice in patients’ electronic record during admission in one acute adult mental health inpatient unit by 10% within 8 weeks.

Two outcome measures were established: (A) Driving status documented in notes and/or discharge letter, (B) Driving advice for drivers documented in notes and/or discharge letter.

The electronic notes and discharge letters of patients discharged from the unit each week were retrospectively audited and weekly proportions of each measure calculated.

Using Plan, Do, Study, Act cycles, three interventions were implemented sequentially: (1) Education session delivered to resident doctors on driving regulations for psychiatric disorders; (2) Displaying a poster prompt in the resident doctors’ communal workspace; and (3) Addition of a mandatory field for driving status check to the standardised discharge meeting template.

Data was analysed using run charts with baseline and post-intervention medians.

Retrospective audit of 164 patients’ records was completed, with 85 patients from the 8-week baseline period and 79 from the 9-week intervention period.

In the baseline period, 48 patients had driving status documented. In the intervention period, 53 patients had driving status documented. The median documentation of driving status improved from 60% to 83%. There was a shift on run chart analysis with all 9 data points in the intervention period remaining above the baseline median.

Driving advice was documented in 10 out of 20 drivers during the baseline period and 17 out of 27 in the intervention period. The median of documented driving advice given to known drivers improved from 50% at baseline to 80% post-intervention. However, there was substantial week-to-week variability and multiple weeks of zero compliance.

The results indicate that the three interventions produced sustained improvement in documentation of driving status, reflecting system change, and meeting the aim of this project. These three simple interventions could be replicated quickly and at low cost to other acute inpatient psychiatric units to spread this improvement beyond the single unit involved in this project.

Although the median of documented driving advice to drivers improved, to meet the aim of the project, the lack of shift on run chart analysis reflects that the interventions did not create sustainable system change. Further work is required to ensure patients who drive have been given the appropriate advice and had it documented in their electronic record, prior to discharge from this acute adult mental health inpatient unit.

Perinatal hypoxia–ischaemia (HI) is a major cause of neonatal mortality and, importantly, of long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity. Children who suffered perinatal asphyxia show a higher risk of developing a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders, alterations that often coexist with sensorimotor deficits and cognitive problems. Therefore, perinatal HI is increasingly recognized not only as a neurological condition but also as a strong developmental risk factor for later psychopathology.

To evaluate behavioural outcomes closely linked to psychiatric vulnerability (specifically motor function and different memory domains) and to examine possible sex-dependent differences in neonatal rats subjected to a preclinical model of severe HI and treated with the epigenetic modulator Tubastatin-A (Tub-A).

Seven-day-old (P7) Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to: i) HI (left common carotid artery ligation + 150 min of hypoxia (8%O2/92%N2); n=18, 10 males, 8 females); ii) HI + Tub-A (25 mg/kg; one i.p. dose immediately after HI and three more doses spread over the next 72 hours; n=18, 9 males, 9 females); iii) Sham (without HI; n=18, 9 males, 9 females). At P8 and P14, the animals underwent righting reflex, negative geotaxis, and front limb suspension tests to analyse their sensorimotor abilities. At P40 and P90, the animals underwent the cylinder test (to measure sensory-motor deficits), novel object recognition (NOR, to analyse the non-spatial memory) and T-maze test (spatial memory and learning ability). These domains are fundamental for adaptive behaviour and are frequently compromised in psychiatric conditions.

In short-term tests, P8 animals in the Tub-A-treated group showed a better motor response in the front limb suspension test (p=0.004), and especially in males (p=0.0033). At P40, the cylinder test revealed differences in females in the HI group and those treated with Tub-A (p=0.044). In the NOR test, a notable improvement was seen in all treated animals (p=0.0001 vs HI), independent of sex (males: p=0.0022; females: p=0.0012). At P90, the improvement in NOR was maintained overall (p=0.0462) and in males (p=0.0004), but not in females. In the T-maze test, Tub-A-treated males had better results (p=0.0404) at P40, whereas this improvement was enhanced at P90 for both sexes (males: p=0.0083; females: p=0.0423).

Perinatal HI-induced long-term behavioural impairments related to psychopathologies may be improved after Tub-A treatment.

To evaluate the safety, feasibility and acceptability of reducing clozapine blood monitoring frequency from monthly to three-monthly in patients established on clozapine for at least one year, while maintaining monthly physical health reviews.

Clozapine is the most effective treatment for treatment-resistant schizophrenia but remains underutilised in the United Kingdom (UK). One of the key barriers to clozapine continuation is the stringent long term haematological monitoring. A review of the literature examined the incidence and timing of clozapine-associated neutropenia and agranulocytosis, international monitoring practices and findings from services using reduced monitoring schedules. The literature suggests that the risk of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis is highest within the first year of treatment, raising concerns that current UK guidelines may be overly restrictive beyond this point. The review findings guided the implementation of a pilot service evaluation at East London NHS Foundation Trust. Between May and September 2025, 32 patients meeting eligibility criteria were enrolled. Eligibility criteria were adults aged 18 to 65 years, stable on clozapine for more than one year, with capacity to consent to less frequent monitoring and awareness of infection symptoms. Participants received full blood count monitoring every three months alongside ongoing monthly physical health reviews and medication supply. Safety outcomes included haematological results and clinic attendance. Patient and staff experience were assessed monthly using a five-point satisfaction scale (1 = very dissatisfied; 5 = very satisfied) with free-text feedback collected.

During the evaluation period, no abnormal haematological results were recorded; all blood results remained within the green range. Two patients (6.25%) were withdrawn as aprecaution due to deterioration in physical health unrelated to blood monitoring frequency. There were no dropouts, no concerns regarding clinic attendance and all participants continued monthly physical health reviews. Mean patient satisfaction was 4.88/5, with feedback highlighting reduced anxiety, improved convenience and decreased distress related to venepuncture. Mean staff satisfaction was 4.96/5, with reported benefits including reduced patient distress, improved clinic efficiency and resource savings.

In this pilot cohort, reducing long-term clozapine blood monitoring to three-monthly intervals was safe, well-tolerated and highly acceptable to both patients and staff when combined with ongoing monthly physical health reviews. This approach may reduce barriers to clozapine continuation, minimise invasive investigations and improve patient experience without compromising safety. Wider implementation and longer-term evaluation are warranted to support future service development and guideline review.

Stalking is an under-recognised occupational hazard within mental health services and disproportionately affects women clinicians. Boundary violations by current or former patients can pose risks to clinician safety, disrupt professional identity, and generate significant emotional distress. Experiences of stalking are often under-reported, and clinicians may feel uncertain about how best to seek support.

This case study reflects on the professional, organisational and emotional learning arising from a single experience of stalking encountered by a female psychiatrist during her Core Psychiatry training in Yorkshire, UK. The hypothesis underpinning this work is that, for this clinician, early institutional support, clear boundary-setting and access to protected reflective spaces mitigated psychological harm and supported resilience.

The case involved escalating stalking behaviour from a former patient, targeted towards a female Core Psychiatry trainee. This progressed from letters and unsolicited gifts to persistent social media contact, culminating in messages containing threats of harm and suicide. As a result, the clinician experienced fear, hypervigilance and moral tension between compassion for a mentally unwell patient and the need to preserve personal safety. The experience was explored using a narrative-reflective approach and supported through clinical and educational supervision, Balint group discussion, police involvement, advice from specialist stalking services, and implementation of digital-safety measures.

Reflection on this case identified learning points specific to the author’s experience. Early reporting reduced isolation and enabled coordinated risk management. Clear documentation supported organisational responses and escalation. Proactive digital-identity management increased perceived safety. Explicit acknowledgement of gendered vulnerability was validating and reduced self-blame. Supervision and Balint groups provided emotional containment and helped reframe vulnerability as professionalism rather than weakness. For this clinician, maintaining clear boundaries supported wellbeing without undermining compassionate patient care.

This reflective case highlights how stalking may affect clinician safety, professional identity and emotional wellbeing within psychiatric training. While experiences and responses will vary, this account suggests that organisational openness, supervisory support and access to reflective spaces were helpful in this instance. Sharing individual experiences may support awareness and encourage dialogue about clinician safety and boundary-violating behaviour within mental health services.

This is a comparative study between two unusual and distinct cases of catatonia, managed by the Liaison psychiatry team that helped us to broaden our thinking and explore variable differential diagnoses for patients’ management.

Case1: Mr.P is a 74-year-old male who was admitted following unusual behaviour, including shouting with slurred speech outside his house. During his admission, he was non-verbal, non-compliant with oral intake including medication and demonstrated bradykinesia and stiff joints. His initial investigations were unremarkable.

Mr. P has a background history of Paranoid Schizophrenia and been treated with Aripiprazole 30mg. Four months prior, he had a lengthy hospital admission with a similar presentation, and he was conservatively managed for hypoactive delirium.

Our differential diagnoses included hypoactive delirium, catatonia, CNS infection and NMS. When the physical health issues were ruled out, a Lorazepam challenge test was initiated; this was effective and made a significant change in his presentation. Thus, we diagnosed him with Catatonia and treated him with high dose of Lorazepam according to the policy. At discharge he had returned to his baseline.

Case2: Mrs.Q is a 78-year-old female who was admitted to hospital after concerns of self-neglect and confusion. Her initial investigations showed an AKI and raised inflammatory markers. Thus, she was treated with IV fluid and antibiotics. Collateral from daughter suggested that Mrs. Q had a rapid decline in her presentation prior to the hospital admission.

Mrs.Q has a background history of depression and been treated with Mirtazapine 15mg.

Despite optimisation in her physical health, Mrs. Q did not show significant improvements. She had minimal engagement, minimal oral intake, very slow movements, and significant thought block. Initially, it was presumed that Mrs.Q had a slowly resolving delirium, however as she was not improving as expected so a Lorazepam challenge test was trialled. Mrs Q responded well to the lorazepam challenge, thus, she was diagnosed with catatonia and treated accordingly.

Catatonia is a neuro-psychiatric condition characterised by marked changes in muscle tone or activity that may alternate between extremes of movement deficits (stupor) and excessive movement (excitement). According to DSM-5 and ICD-11, a diagnosis requires the presence of three or more of the 12 clinical features.It can be validated through BFCRS or KCRS. Catatonia is not a disease, but a syndrome associated with various conditions.Its management includes Benzodiazepams, and/or ECT and supportive care.

Weekend medical handover across Central Norfolk acute psychiatric services has historically been inconsistent and poorly structured, contributing to delayed reviews, duplicated tasks, reduced situational awareness, and resident doctor isolation. This Quality Improvement Project aimed to introduce a standardised weekend handover system to improve clinical safety, timeliness of care, and on-call doctor experience. Objectives included establishing a reliable weekend handover meeting, improving information completeness,facilitating early identification of unwell patients, and reducing inappropriate tasks passed to out-of-hours teams.

Using PDSA cycles, we implemented: (1) a 09:00 Saturday and Sunday multi-site Teams handover for Tier 1 and Tier 2 doctors; (2) pre-arranged invites and reminders; (3) a structured digital handover log covering admissions, unwell patients, investigations, and tasks; and (4) a centralised Teams channel for document access. Surveys at two timepoints assessed communication, clarity, task appropriateness, and perceived support. Clinical outcomes from 63 weekend admissions (March–May 2025) were compared pre-intervention and post-intervention, including time to first medical review, senior review, and medication administration.

Baseline survey responses (n=16) showed moderate satisfaction (mean ≈3), with good supervision (3.6) but poor perceived handover structure (2.3). Willingness to attend weekend handover was 56%. Qualitative feedback reported improved communication, reduced isolation, and better planning for the day. Post-intervention data demonstrated improvements in time to first medical review (10.7%), physical-health medication (10.2%), and psychotropic administration (33.0%). Time to senior face-to-face review increased (97.2%). The reasons for this deterioration are unclear and likely multifactorial. One interpretation is that collective discussion of all new admissions during morning handover increased Tier 1 doctors’ sense of support, reducing perceived need for immediate escalation. Indirectly, this may reflect improved resident doctor confidence and adequacy of remote senior input, though further exploration is required. Barriers included technological unfamiliarity, variable engagement, and inappropriate task shifting from weekday teams.

A structured weekend handover system is both feasible and beneficial for improving communication, early clinical planning, and aspects of patient care. Importantly, qualitative feedback highlighted a strong positive impact on resident doctors’ wellbeing, with many reporting reduced isolation, improved support, and greater confidence in managing weekend workloads. Next steps include automated invites, refining the digital handover log, and establishing a routine senior weekend review pathway, with potential for wider trust adoption.

The positive effects of exercise on wellbeing are well established, and an increasing body of evidence suggests feelings of nature connectedness and exposure to ‘blue space’ (aquatic environments) may also benefit wellbeing. Maintaining wellbeing is important for resident doctors who face high levels of academic and clinical stress, risking burnout. The author hypothesises that surfing, which combines exercise, nature immersion, and blue space, may benefit wellbeing. This preliminary research aims to evaluate resident doctor perceptions of their wellbeing, and how they felt it was impacted by surfing.

Participants were recruited from the ‘Bristol Psych Surf Soc’, a surfing society for doctors. Respondents were predominantly psychiatry trainee doctors, although also includedwere foundation doctors and trainee doctors in other specialties. A six-question digital questionnaire measured how the doctors rated their wellbeing, how recently they had last surfed in the ocean, their perceptions of the effect of surfing on their wellbeing, beliefs on how surfing affected work-related stress, how surfing impacted feelings of connection to nature, and possible mechanisms by which surfing affected wellbeing. Responses were a mix of numerical rating scales, 5-point Likert scales, and free-text boxes.

15 responses were gathered. The mean wellbeing score was 7/10 (1=low, 10=high), with a range from 3–9. There was no correlation between time from last surf and wellbeing score (R²=0.13). 93% of respondents rated surfing as having a positive or strongly positive effect on their wellbeing, and 80% felt that surfing specifically reduced work-related stress. 93% of respondents reported surfing increased feelings of connection to nature. Free-text themes included mindfulness during surfing and increased feelings of connection to nature being beneficial for wellbeing, and surfing acting as a ‘reset’ with a subsequent uplift in feelings of wellbeing.

While there was no clear correlation between recency of surfing and ratings of wellbeing, this preliminary research shows that participants nearly unanimously reported that surfing has a positive impact on their wellbeing and reduces work-related stress. Potential mechanisms for this effect are suggested by the free text responses. Limitations include the small sample size, potential sample bias due to participants being selected from a society for people who are enthusiastic about surfing, and a lack of a control group who did not surf. Further research could assess in more depth which aspects of surfing might provide the perceived positive impact on wellbeing, and whether surfing in wave pools could have similarly positive impacts.

The transition of young people who have turned eighteen from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) to Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) is a challenging and high-risk time for patients and their families. There is currently no regional policy for young people transitioning between inpatient services in Northern Ireland. The TRACK Study outlines best practice recommendations in creating a smooth transition for these young people. This audit aims to identify if Beechcroft, Northern Ireland’s Regional CAMHS inpatient Unit, is adherent to these recommendations when transitioning from inpatients to AMHS.

The electronic records of all Beechcroft inpatients who have turned eighteen and transitioned to AMHS in the past four years were reviewed. Demographics, including diagnosis, length of Beechcroft admission, and time awaiting transfer post-eighteen were collected, as well as data to audit against the four key TRACK recommendations: evidence of transition planning meetings, information transfer, joint working, and continuity of care post-transfer. This allowed us to determine if an optimal transition had taken place for each young person.

Eleven patients were referred from Beechcroft to AMHS and 100% were accepted for a further period of acute care. The majority (91%) were accepted for inpatient care, whilst one young person was accepted by a home-treatment team. Primary diagnoses for young people included psychosis (45%) and depression (36%), with 72% having psychiatric comorbidity. There was a delay in transition of greater than two weeks for 36% of patients. In 100% of cases, adequate information transfer was carried out between CAMHS and AMHS. AMHS attended 91% of transition planning meetings, however, only met with 54% of young people in person prior to transfer. Continuity of care post-transfer, including adult inpatient admission, home treatment, and community mental health team, was maintained for greater than ninety days for 82% of young people.

Young people who turned eighteen in Beechcroft had complex needs, and all required ongoing input from adult acute care. When transitioning patients from Beechcroft to AMHS across Northern Ireland, transition planning meetings and adequate information transfer were consistently carried out. However, we have identified areas for improvement related to transition planning, continuity of care and contact between AMHS and the young person prior to transfer. Results of this audit will be used to develop regional transition guidelines with AMHS to standardise and optimise the transition of young people between CAMHS and AMHS, ensuring the patient remains central throughout this process.

There is an oxymoronic state of our country's paediatric inpatient units treating anorexia nervosa, a deadly illness deeply rooted in restriction and control. These hospitals, which are meant to be places of safety and support, can be some of the most restrictive and unsafe environments patients have found themselves in, being stripped of too many things that make us feel human.

The emergence nationally known cases such as the death of Ruth Szymankiewicz in 2022, who was being looked after in an NHS paediatric inpatient unit for anorexia nervosa, have highlighted gaps in the mental health system that threaten patient safety. However, more needs to be done to protect our most vulnerable, and making a national inter-disciplinary effort to review inpatient hospital policies and procedures for treating anorexia nervosa is an essential step in making that change.

The aim of this report is not to blame people or institutions, but to highlight accounts of systematic failure faced by our paediatric patients that have been ignored for too long and that could have been prevented.

I composed an online questionnaire, firstly outlining eligibility, then explaining the purpose of the questionnaire and the potential uses of the data they share, then gaining consent to share the information in my report, before proceeding to the questions.

They were then invited through a series of questions to reflect on how they felt they were treated during their inpatient stay and how they feel their experiences impacted them. Due to the age and sensitivity of the topic, the questionnaires were filled in anonymously, and any other identifiable information has been omitted.

Even acknowledging the impact illness can have on memory, there are still several harrowing accounts shared in the report of excessive abuse, infringement on safety, including toilet supervision of female minor patients by male staff, and physical and mental harm, including accounts of patients being refused treatment and the ability to see family, all not conducive to recovery.

Whilst the NHS prides itself on equality, these accounts reveal the varying levels of care and negligence received in units where patients as young as 8 can be admitted. Some recall outstanding support from staff and their hospital environment, and I believe it is our duty as healthcare professionals to ensure that every child battling anorexia nervosa has their needs and rights to feel safe and valued, not endangered met.

Clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility is a common and potentially fatal adverse effect, yet bowel monitoring and timely escalation remain inconsistently implemented despite national guidance. Following the removal of an electronic prescribing bowel-monitoring prompt in a medium secure women’s forensic service, concerns arose regarding reduced detection of constipation and increased patient safety risk.

This project aimed to evaluate baseline bowel monitoring and escalation practices for patients prescribed clozapine, explore staff and patient perspectives on existing monitoring systems, and assess the impact of introducing a structured paper-based bowel monitoring intervention on documentation quality and clinical escalation.

A mixed-methods quality improvement project was conducted between April and August 2025 in the Women’s Pathway at Newton Lodge. Baseline practice was assessed via retrospective review of ward documentation and Clinical Team Meeting (CTM) notes for all patients prescribed clozapine. Staff questionnaires explored perceptions of monitoring systems, safety, and usability. Semi-structured patient interviews examined acceptability and communication preferences. An iterative paper-based bowel monitoring chart was introduced, refined following staff feedback, and re-audited against national standards.

Seventeen patients prescribed clozapine were included in the documentation audit. Baseline recording of bowel status in the CTM notes occurred on approximately 10% of inpatient days. Seventeen staff responses were obtained across nursing and medical disciplines. Fifteen staff members (88%) reported that the previous electronic prescribing prompt improved patient safety, and the majority perceived increased risk following its removal. Initial uptake of a detailed paper bowel monitoring chart was low, with completion rates of approximately 25% over four weeks. Following simplification of the chart, completion increased to nearly 100% and was sustained on re-evaluation. Documentation of bowel status in the CTM notes improved from approximately 10% pre-intervention to almost 100% post-intervention. Escalation and documented clinical review for patients with more than 48 hours without bowel movement increased from approximately 60% at baseline to 100% following intervention. Five patient interviews demonstrated general acceptability of bowel monitoring, with preference for simple, discreet questioning methods.

A simplified bowel monitoring intervention significantly improved documentation and escalation of clozapine-related constipation. Integration into electronic prescribing systems, alongside staff training and standardised escalation thresholds, is recommended to ensure sustainable patient safety improvements.

This audit aims to assess adherence to RCPsych guidance regarding timely admission blood tests (performed within 24 hours of admission), and what blood tests were performed as part of this. In addition, we aimed to evaluate adherence to Trust policy regarding vitamin D and calcium assessment and appropriate management of deficiency.

Retrospective case audit evaluating admissions to an inpatient adult working age psychiatry unit in December 2025 (excluding PICU patients). Records of 19 patients were reviewed (10 female, 9 male). Clinical notes and ICE records were used to obtain data. Information gathered included date of admission, date and results of admission blood tests, documentation of these blood results on the clinical system and medication prescriptions and discharge letter details.

Of 19 patients, 79% had bloods done within 24 hours of admission. For 1 patient, these samples were in adequate and so a repeat sample was treated as their admission set for purposes of this audit. Of those with a delay >24hrs, 75% had a reason documented.

The most common admission bloods performed were full blood count, urea & electrolytes and liver function tests (84%), followed by thyroid function tests and haematinics (79%), lipid and calcium profiles (74%), HbA1c and prolactin (63%), with glucose done least commonly (53%). Vitamin D levels were checked in 68% of patients (including 1 patient who did not initially have vitamin D levels checked, but levels were subsequently done).

Of those with a reported vitamin D level, 23% had sufficient levels, 31% had mild deficiency, and 54% had significant deficiency.

Of those with significant deficiency, all had vitamin D loading doses prescribed. However, only 50% of those with mild deficiency had vitamin D prescribed. At the point of data collection, 26% of the patients involved in this audit had been discharged; 67% of those discharged had a significant vitamin D deficiency, but only 75% of these patients had ongoing supplementation provided. None of these patients had a plan to re-check serum calcium as per guidelines on their discharge letter.

In conclusion, although the majority of new inpatient admissions had some form of bloods taken within 24hrs of admission, the type of bloods they had done was variable. Vitamin D levels were checked in 74% of patients, with 50% of those having a significant vitamin D deficiency. Initial prescription of loading dose therapy had a high compliance but follow up appeared poor, representing an area of possible improvement.

Community Treatment Orders are legal powers within community mental health services designed to support patient compliance with medication and overall continuity of care while maintaining the least restrictive principles of care. Their effective use, however, is dependent not only on effective clinical decision-making but also on accurate and timely completion of Community Treatment Order reports, which are essential for tribunal reviews and renewal decisions. Capacity assessments regarding whether the patient can consent to such a legal process are another important step in safeguarding the patient’s human rights, and their completion is fundamentally essential to the whole process.

In practical reality, however, the Community Treatment Order process is often experienced by doctors and nurses as administratively complex, with unclear processes and procedures, and reports frequently required in a time-pressured fashion. This can lead to breaches of legal requirements for reviews. MHT Medway is an example of this, where concerns were raised about delays in report completion rates by locality, leading to tribunal delays, increased clinician workload, and governance concerns. This prompted a retrospective audit to understand the status quo and initiate a system change.

A twelve-month retrospective audit covering January 2025 to January 2026 was conducted across the three localities in Medway Community Mental Health Team (Gillingham, Chatham, and Rochester). Anonymised data collected included the Community Treatment Order start date, report completion status, completion date, and type of report submitted (full medical report or addendum), capacity forms to consent, the clinician who completed the report, and the responsible clinician for each patient. Data were collected manually by reviewing physical and digital records and entered into an Excel spreadsheet for analysis.

There appeared to be variation in report completion rates across localities, withChatham at 66.7%, Gillingham at 73.3%, and Rochester at 33%. Report completion was unevenly distributed across the months, with clustering around periods when reviews were due. Full medical reports accounted for 74% of completed reports, addendum reports accounted for 16%, and the remainder were combined reports.

In more than two-thirds of cases, capacity forms appeared to have been completed, with rates ranging from 100% in Rochester to 66% in Chatham. Of the six clinicians in the team, only three were completing reports, accounting for approximately 100% of completions. Completion rates were 73% and 50% across the two responsible clinicians. Access to previous reports was inconsistent. Physical and digital copies of current documentation were not available for some patients, and communication between localities regarding current caseload lists was limited.

This audit highlighted system-level variation in medical report completion, clinician and locality differences in completion rates, and timing of reports being closely linked to review dates. These findings informed the implementation of a centralised communication system, improved documentation access, and enhanced administrative processes. A further audit is planned to evaluate the impact of the intervention.