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95780 results in Archaeology

Page 226 of 4789

  • NEW INSIGHTS INTO LATE PLEISTOCENE CAVE HYENA CHRONOLOGY AND POPULATION HISTORY—THE CASE OF PERSPEKTYWICZNA CAVE, POLAND

  • Maciej T Krajcarz, Mateusz Baca, Chris Baumann, Hervé Bocherens, Tomasz Goslar, Danijela Popović, Magdalena Sudoł-Procyk, Magdalena Krajcarz
  • Journal:
    Radiocarbon / Volume 65 / Issue 5 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 October 2023, pp. 1038-1056
    Print publication:
    October 2023
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  • The paper focuses on the Pleistocene deposits in Perspektywiczna Cave, southern Poland, related to cave hyena (Crocuta crocuta). We used direct radiocarbon dating of hyena fossils supported by genetic and stable isotope analyses to infer the paleobiology of this population. Radiocarbon dating of 19 hyena remains suggests long inhabitation of the region during early MIS 3, around 50–34 ky cal BP. The youngest among our dates, 34,355–33,725 cal BP (1σ, combined of two dates for the same specimen) points out the latest appearance of a cave hyena north to Carpathians. Beside this long period of occupation, the Perspektywiczna Cave hyenas stayed ecologically stable, but their genetic structure changed. Two mtDNA haplogroups were present, one typical for other Late Pleistocene European populations and the other one known so far only from recent African populations.

  • AAQ volume 88 issue 4 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    American Antiquity / Volume 88 / Issue 4 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 November 2023, pp. b1-b2
    Print publication:
    October 2023
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  • RADIOCARBON DATING OF ASIAN LACQUERS: MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND ASSESSMENT OF A PRETREATMENT METHOD PRIOR TO ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY

  • M Wojcieszak, J Veenhoven, T Van den Brande, S Saverwyns, F Lynen, M Boudin
  • Journal:
    Radiocarbon / Volume 65 / Issue 5 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    09 November 2023, pp. 1193-1212
    Print publication:
    October 2023

  • Lacquerwork technologies comprise multiple techniques depending on countries, time, and traditions. Carved Asian lacquers applied on wooden objects consist of multiple thin uncolored or pigmented layers spread over the surface. To radiocarbon (14C) date these types of objects, often only the wooden structure is used. Here we report on a set of carved lacquered objects that were dated based on stylistic form, 14C dating of the wooden structure and of the Asian lacquers. THM-Py-GC-MS and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the molecular composition of the lacquers and helped assessing the pretreatment protocol. The lacquers analyzed contained between 20 and 50% wt carbon, thus 2–5 mg of sample were necessary for 14C dating. The dates obtained on wood and lacquers showed a reliable correlation. The results suggest that, in most cases, it is sufficient to sample a part of the lacquer layers to date an object. We advise to perform an acid pretreatment followed by a successive solvent immersion with an increasing polarity. Dating different components of a lacquered object can also help to understand previous restoration interventions that frequently occur for ancient lacquered objects. Ceramic, metallic, and other objects covered with Asian lacquers can also be dated using this approach.

  • Mixed ancestry of Europeans who settled Iceland and Greenland: 3D geometric-morphometric analyses of cranial base shape

  • Kimberly A. Plomp, Keith Dobney, Hildur Gestsdóttir, Mark Collard
  • Journal:
    Antiquity / Volume 97 / Issue 395 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 October 2023, pp. 1249-1261
    Print publication:
    October 2023
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  • Debate surrounds the identity of the Europeans who settled Iceland and Greenland in the early medieval period. Historical sources record settlers travelling from Norway to Iceland and then Greenland, but recent analyses of biological data suggest that some settlers had British and Irish ancestry. Here, the authors test these hypotheses with 3D-shape analyses of human crania from Scandinavia, Britain and Ireland, and one of the Norse colonies in Greenland. Results suggest that some 63 per cent of the ancestry of the Greenlandic individuals can be traced to Britain and Ireland and 37 per cent to Scandinavia. These findings add further weight to the idea that the European settlers who colonised Iceland and later Greenland were of mixed ancestry.

  • Revealing the extent of Neolithic rondel enclosures in Lower Silesia using non-invasive prospection

  • Piotr Wroniecki, Mirosław Furmanek, Włodzimierz Rączkowski
  • Journal:
    Antiquity / Volume 97 / Issue 395 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 October 2023, pp. 1100-1118
    Print publication:
    October 2023
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  • During the early fifth millennium BC, Linearbandkeramik groups along the Danube in Central Europe constructed hundreds of circular enclosures, or ‘rondels’. These monumental sites signalled major social, economic and ideological change among these early farming communities. Their absence north of the Carpathian and Sudeten Mountains has been taken to suggest that this area lay on the periphery of this Early Neolithic world. Here, the authors report on a systematic programme of non-invasive prospection, including aerial photography, in Lower Silesia. The survey has identified eight previously undocumented rondels, significantly extending their distribution. Their detection emphasises the importance of combining prospection methods, and calls for a re-evaluation of core-periphery interpretations of Early Neolithic Central Europe.

  • What is a village? Agroscapes, collective action and medieval villages in northern Iberia

  • Part of
  • Juan Antonio Quirós Castillo, Josu Narbarte, Eneko Iriarte
  • Journal:
    Antiquity / Volume 97 / Issue 395 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 October 2023, pp. 1279-1295
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    October 2023
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  • Why, how and when villages emerged across medieval Europe are enduring questions for archaeologists and historians because of the wider social and economic transformations implied—and because many of these settlements persist to the present day. Most archaeological investigations have focused on the nucleated centres of these communities; here, instead, the authors examine the role of agroscapes. Focusing on an agricultural area near the village of Tobillas, changes in soil chemistry are used to document the creation and maintenance of common fields attesting to collective agrarian practice pre-dating the foundation of the medieval village. Reversing the accepted narrative, the authors argue it was these pre-existing agrarian communities who coalesced to constitute villages such as Tobillas.

  • ROM volume 91 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    Papers of the British School at Rome / Volume 91 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 November 2023, pp. b1-b2
    Print publication:
    October 2023
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  • AQY volume 97 issue 395 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    Antiquity / Volume 97 / Issue 395 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 October 2023, pp. f1-f6
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    October 2023
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  • AQY volume 97 issue 395 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    Antiquity / Volume 97 / Issue 395 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 October 2023, pp. b1-b3
    Print publication:
    October 2023
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Page 226 of 4789