This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mother–child double burden of malnutrition (DBM) based on anthropometric indices and its associated factors in Burkina Faso.

This cross-sectional study used nationally representative data from the 2021 Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Survey (BFDHS-V). DBM was defined as follows: overweight mother with stunted child (OM/SC); overweight mother with wasted child (OM/WC); overweight mother with underweight child (OM/UC); overweight mother with stunted or wasted or underweight child (OM/SC-WC-UC). Generalised linear model of regression using R programming was performed to identify factors associated with DBM.

Burkina Faso

5286 mother–child dyads living in the same household.

The prevalence of DBM in mother–child dyads was 4·9 % for OM/SC-WC-UC. Urban residence was inversely associated with 3 forms of dyads DBM. OM/SC-WC-UC: aOR = 0·60, 95 % CI (0·37, 0·96), OM/WC: aOR = 0·23, 95 % CI (0·11, 0·45), and OM/UC: aOR = 0·51, 95 % CI (0·29, 0·89). Higher child birth order was associated with increased odds of OM/WC: aOR = 3·82, 95 % CI (1·21, 12·10) and OM/UC: aOR = 4·75, 95 % CI (1·65–13·62). Older maternal age was associated with OM/SC: aOR = 3·17, 95 % CI (1·44, 7·00) and belonging to a wealthier household was associated with OM/SC-WC-UC: aOR = 3·43, 95 % CI (1·61, 7·30).

The finding suggests that household-level DBM is an emerging problem in Burkina Faso. The most prevalent form of DBM includes an overweight mother with a stunted child, and common associated factors include urban residence and high socio-economic status. Urgent strategies and actions need to be put in place in order to avert this trend.

Child hunger is a significant global health concern prioritised by multiple global public health organisations. In 2006, the US Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) highlighted the need for clarity and consistency in the operationalisation and measurement of child hunger. This review examines whether these recommendations have been implemented in child nutrition programming over the past two decades. In addition, we explore how child hunger is currently conceptualised and measured across different contexts.

We conducted a pre-registered rapid review of studies that define or measure ‘child hunger’. Six electronic databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Social Science Database and ERIC) and websites of twenty public health organisations were searched for reports that mentioned the term ‘child hunger’ or ‘child’ near ‘hunger’ published after 2006.

There were no restrictions on study settings.

Studies focusing on children under the age of 18 years were included.

Sixty-seven articles measured child hunger and were therefore eligible for inclusion. Of these, only twenty-three provided a definition of child hunger. Definitions commonly described child hunger as a consequence of or as a subcategory of household ‘food insecurity’. Most scales used in the included studies examined the quantity or amount of food intake by children, while few measures also assessed the quality of food consumed. The physiological dimension of hunger was not measured by any of the questionnaires.

The findings underscore the need for more comprehensive and standardised approaches that account for the multidimensional nature of child hunger.

Behavioural interventions can be delivered via online school canteens to improve healthy purchasing for students. However, no evaluations of the cost or cost-effectiveness of online canteen interventions have been conducted. The objective was to conduct a cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of implementing an online school canteen intervention to improve healthy purchasing.

The ‘Click & Crunch’ cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in seventeen Australian primary schools.

Eight control schools (848 students) received the standard online canteen. Nine intervention schools (1359 students) received a behavioural intervention delivered through the online canteen.

Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were calculated for the cost per student to achieve (1) a unit decrease in the mean energy (kJ) content and (2) a percentage increase in the mean proportion of healthier ‘Everyday’ items purchased in their online lunch orders (from a health service and societal perspective).

It costs AUD$568 per school (range $343–$806) to implement. The ICER for mean energy content was AUD$0·06 and AUD$0·46 for mean proportion of ‘Everyday’ foods (from a health perspective). At a willingness to pay of AUD$0·20 and AUD$1·20 per student, the intervention would have a 95 % and 99 % probability of being cost-effective for the energy (kJ) content and proportion of ‘Everyday’ items, respectively.

‘Click & Crunch’ has the potential to be a cost-effective intervention to reduce the energy content and increase the proportion of ‘Everyday’ items from primary school online canteen lunch orders.

To examine the Indigenous Nourishment Scales (INS), a set of community-developed strengths-based measures of nourishment, for psychometric validity and reliability through community-based research with two urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities.

Cross-sectional survey of health measures and INS. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis and regression were used to determine the psychometric properties of the INS and their relationship with Physical (Fruit and Vegetable Intake), Spiritual (Spiritual Well-being), Emotional (Emotional Well-being) and Relational (Social Well-being) health outcomes.

Two urban cities in the USA.

249 urban AI/AN adults.

EFA revealed two unidimensional scales (Connectedness to Food; Indigenous Food Identity) and one two-factor scale (Access to and Participation in Indigenous Foodways). The INS demonstrated strong internal consistency reliability and convergent construct validity as evidenced by their association with fruit and vegetable intake and other related concepts. Regression models showed that Access to Indigenous Foodways and Participation in Indigenous Foodways were significantly and positively associated with all four domains of well-being. Food Connectedness was positively and significantly associated with spiritual, emotional and relational well-being, while Indigenous Food Identity was positively and significantly associated with spiritual and emotional well-being.

Positive associations between scale scores and multiple domains of well-being indicate the potential relevance of Indigenous nourishment as a meaningful determinant of health. By establishing the psychometric validity of community-developed measures, this study offers a pathway for Indigenizing assessments of nutrition and well-being among AI/AN peoples.

The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and physical activity (PA) can enhance mood and support psychological wellbeing in adults. However, the combined effect is relatively unknown. MedWalk aimed to determine the combined effect on wellbeing, psychological health and quality of life (QoL), compared to a control group.

This is an analysis of secondary outcomes from the MedWalk 12-month cluster-randomised controlled trial. Participants completed the Total and Secure Flourishing Index (FI), the four domain General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the 8-domain Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-8D). Data were analysed using general linear models using change scores (FI and AQoL-8D) or generalised linear mixed models with a time × group interaction effect (GHQ-28).

Independent living facilities across South Australia and Victoria in 2021–2022.

One hundred and sixty-one older men and women.

Participants were 74·9 ± 5·9 years of age and predominantly female (74 %). A greater improvement was found for the MedWalk group (marginal means (MM) = 1·65, se = 1·36) than the control group (MM = –2·50, se = 1·32) for the Total Flourish score (P = 0·003) and Secure Flourish score (P = 0·009) ((MM = 1·06, se = 1·65) v. (MM = –3·34, se = 1·61)) from baseline to 6 months. The MedWalk group (MM = 0·021, se = 0·014) had more positive changes (P = 0·048) to the Mental Health AQoL-8D domain than the control group (MM = –0·007, se = 0·014). No significant group × time interactions were identified for the GHQ-28.

Combined MedDiet and walking interventions can modify psychological health, wellbeing and QoL in relatively healthy populations.

To explore the multilevel factors (barriers and facilitators) influencing maternal and child nutrition (MCN) from community perspectives using the Socioecological Model (SEM) as the guiding framework.

An exploratory qualitative study combining semi-structured online interviews (Microsoft Teams) and photovoice method. Data were audio-recorded, translated, transcribed and analysed inductively using Braun and Clarke’s thematic approach, with final themes mapped to the SEM levels.

Two semi-urban communities in Ado-Odo Ota Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Twenty-five participants (aged 25–75 years), including pregnant and lactating mothers, fathers, grandmothers, community leaders, and health workers, were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling.

Despite basic nutrition awareness, maternal diets were predominantly carbohydrate-based while infant feeding was characterised by delayed breastfeeding initiation, prelacteal feeding, and suboptimal complementary feeding practices. At the interpersonal level, strong familial and community support was evident, however, grandmothers strongly influenced dietary taboos and health-seeking decisions. Organisational barriers, including poor facilities and negative staff attitudes, reduced trust in primary healthcare centres and encouraged reliance on private clinics and traditional providers. Community-level challenges such as poverty, rising food prices, unreliable water supply and poor waste disposal systems increased the risk of malnutrition. Nonetheless, some households demonstrated resilience through home gardening, bulk food purchasing and adequate hygiene practices.

MCN is shaped by interconnected factors. Sustainable progress requires moving beyond individual knowledge transfer towards integrated, system-based actions that strengthen nutrition and health services, improve access to diverse foods, safe water and sanitation, and leverage existing community strengths.

This study aims to determine the current status of the obesity epidemic in Türkiye from a global perspective by examining gender-specific socio-economic inequalities at national and regional socio-economic development (SED) levels.

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2022 Türkiye Health Survey, employing weighted binary logistic regression models, age-standardised prevalence estimates for national obesity prevalence and model-based age-adjusted prevalence estimates for regional comparisons, with analyses stratified by sex.

Türkiye.

Data included 20 725 nationally representative adults aged 20 years and older (10 808 women and 9917 men).

The national age-standardised obesity prevalence was substantially higher (OR: 1·558; 95 % CI: 1·556, 1·560) in women (28·0 %) than men (18·4 %). In low-SED regions, the gender disparity (women 28·4 %, men 17·9 %) was larger. Higher education was consistently associated with lower obesity risk, more pronounced in women and low-SED regions. The income–obesity relationship was complex. An inverted U-shaped pattern across income quintiles was observed among men in high regional SED and among women both nationwide and across all levels of regional SED.

As of 2022, Türkiye maintains a high obesity prevalence reflecting socio-economic patterns typical of developing countries experiencing nutritional transition. The epidemic stage varies by regional SED, emphasising the necessity for prevention strategies designed with a focus on socio-economic determinants, regional and gender sensitivity.